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23 Jul 2021, 00:41
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C
Be sure to select an answer first to save it in the Error Log before revealing the correct answer (OA)!
Difficulty:
35%
(medium)
Question Stats:
72% (01:50) correct
28%
(02:02)
wrong
based on 207
sessions
History
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Because residents of Mergate had complained for years about the noise associated with Mergate airport, the city took the radical step of closing the airport entirely. However, many of Mergate’s businesses depend on spending by vacationers, and with Mergate airport closed, traveling to Mergate by air requires flying into Wave City airport, which is over a half hour from Mergate by highway. Therefore, vacation related businesses in Mergate will no longer be able to successfully compete with similar businesses in Wave City.
Which of the following is an assumption necessary for arriving at the conclusion drawn?
(A) Most businesses in Mergate depend on spending by vacationers for the majority of their income.
(B) Residents of Mergate have not noticed a significant reduction in noise pollution since the airport was closed.
(C) The improvement in the ambience in Mergate resulting from the closing of the airport will not cause vacationers to feel that making some extra effort to get there is worthwhile.
(D) In Mergate, growth in business not dependent on spending by vacationers will not make up for any city tax revenue lost because of a reduction in vacationer related business.
(E) The closing of the airport has not benefited any businesses located in Mergate.
Conclusion: Vacation related businesses in Mergate will no longer be able to successfully compete with similar businesses in Wave City.
The conclusion is supported by the fact that one path via which businesses in Mergate were able to compete with businesses in Wave City, vacationers’ having the ability to fly directly into Mergate, has been eliminated. Of course, in order to arrive at the conclusion from this one premise, the author must assume that there will not be another path via which businesses in Mergate will be able to successfully compete with businesses in Wave City. In other words, the author believes that she has carefully and completely evaluated the situation and that there is not another way that businesses in Mergate will be able to successfully compete with businesses in Wave City.
(A) Most businesses in Mergate depend on spending by vacationers for the majority of their income.
This answer could be tempting, because it could seem to reinforce the idea that Mergate businesses will have difficulty competing with businesses in Wave City as a result of the closing of the airport.
Notice, however, that this choice supports the wrong conclusion. The conclusion is not that most Mergate businesses will have difficulty competing. It’s that certain businesses, the vacation related businesses, will have difficulty competing.
Going from the premise that traveling to Mergate by air requires flying into Wave City airport to the conclusion that vacation related businesses in Mergate will no longer be able to successfully compete does not require assuming that most businesses in Mergate depend on spending by vacationers. Even if only a small fraction of businesses in Mergate depend on spending by vacationers, the conclusion could be supported by the evidence.
(B) Residents of Mergate have not noticed a significant reduction in noise pollution since the airport was closed.
It is not necessary to assume that closing the airport did not result in a noticeable change in noise pollution in order to conclude that closing the airport has made competing with businesses in Wave City difficult for certain businesses in Mergate. In other words, the argument could be sound regardless of whether what this answer choice says is true.
(C) The improvement in the ambience in Mergate resulting from the closing of the airport will not cause vacationers to feel that making some extra effort to get there is worthwhile.
The conclusion that closing the airport has created a situation such that vacation related business in Mergate cannot successfully compete with similar businesses in Wave City depends on the assumption that closing the airport has not made available a new path via which the Mergate businesses can compete.
Thus, the argument does not work unless what this choice says, that the closing of the airport has NOT given vacationers a reason to make some extra effort to get Mergate, is true.
After all, what if it were true that the closing of the airport HAS given vacationers a reason to make some extra effort to get Mergate? In that case, the premise that traveling to Mergate by air requires flying into Wave City airport would not support the conclusion.
Correct Answer
(D) In Mergate, growth in business not dependent on spending by vacationers will not make up for any city tax revenue lost because of a reduction in vacationer related business.
The conclusion is not that Mergate will experience a net loss in tax revenue but rather that certain businesses in Mergate will not be able to compete with businesses in Wave City. So, since this choice supports a conclusion about tax revenue rather than one about businesses competing, this answer choice supports the wrong conclusion.
(E) The closing of the airport has not benefited any businesses located in Mergate.
Concluding that certain businesses in Mergate will not be able to compete as a result of the closing of the airport does not require assuming that no businesses at all in Mergate will benefit from the closing of the airport. In other words, the argument could be sound regardless of whether what this answer choice says is true.
Correct answer: C
Which of the following is an assumption necessary for arriving at the conclusion drawn?
(A) Most businesses in Mergate depend on spending by vacationers for the majority of their income.
(B) Residents of Mergate have not noticed a significant reduction in noise pollution since the airport was closed.
(C) The improvement in the ambience in Mergate resulting from the closing of the airport will not cause vacationers to feel that making some extra effort to get there is worthwhile.
(D) In Mergate, growth in business not dependent on spending by vacationers will not make up for any city tax revenue lost because of a reduction in vacationer related business.
(E) The closing of the airport has not benefited any businesses located in Mergate.
Conclusion: Vacation related businesses in Mergate will no longer be able to successfully compete with similar businesses in Wave City.
The conclusion is supported by the fact that one path via which businesses in Mergate were able to compete with businesses in Wave City, vacationers’ having the ability to fly directly into Mergate, has been eliminated. Of course, in order to arrive at the conclusion from this one premise, the author must assume that there will not be another path via which businesses in Mergate will be able to successfully compete with businesses in Wave City. In other words, the author believes that she has carefully and completely evaluated the situation and that there is not another way that businesses in Mergate will be able to successfully compete with businesses in Wave City.
(A) Most businesses in Mergate depend on spending by vacationers for the majority of their income.
This answer could be tempting, because it could seem to reinforce the idea that Mergate businesses will have difficulty competing with businesses in Wave City as a result of the closing of the airport.
Notice, however, that this choice supports the wrong conclusion. The conclusion is not that most Mergate businesses will have difficulty competing. It’s that certain businesses, the vacation related businesses, will have difficulty competing.
Going from the premise that traveling to Mergate by air requires flying into Wave City airport to the conclusion that vacation related businesses in Mergate will no longer be able to successfully compete does not require assuming that most businesses in Mergate depend on spending by vacationers. Even if only a small fraction of businesses in Mergate depend on spending by vacationers, the conclusion could be supported by the evidence.
(B) Residents of Mergate have not noticed a significant reduction in noise pollution since the airport was closed.
It is not necessary to assume that closing the airport did not result in a noticeable change in noise pollution in order to conclude that closing the airport has made competing with businesses in Wave City difficult for certain businesses in Mergate. In other words, the argument could be sound regardless of whether what this answer choice says is true.
(C) The improvement in the ambience in Mergate resulting from the closing of the airport will not cause vacationers to feel that making some extra effort to get there is worthwhile.
The conclusion that closing the airport has created a situation such that vacation related business in Mergate cannot successfully compete with similar businesses in Wave City depends on the assumption that closing the airport has not made available a new path via which the Mergate businesses can compete.
Thus, the argument does not work unless what this choice says, that the closing of the airport has NOT given vacationers a reason to make some extra effort to get Mergate, is true.
After all, what if it were true that the closing of the airport HAS given vacationers a reason to make some extra effort to get Mergate? In that case, the premise that traveling to Mergate by air requires flying into Wave City airport would not support the conclusion.
Correct Answer
(D) In Mergate, growth in business not dependent on spending by vacationers will not make up for any city tax revenue lost because of a reduction in vacationer related business.
The conclusion is not that Mergate will experience a net loss in tax revenue but rather that certain businesses in Mergate will not be able to compete with businesses in Wave City. So, since this choice supports a conclusion about tax revenue rather than one about businesses competing, this answer choice supports the wrong conclusion.
(E) The closing of the airport has not benefited any businesses located in Mergate.
Concluding that certain businesses in Mergate will not be able to compete as a result of the closing of the airport does not require assuming that no businesses at all in Mergate will benefit from the closing of the airport. In other words, the argument could be sound regardless of whether what this answer choice says is true.
Correct answer: C
25 Jul 2021, 11:22
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Because residents of Mergate had complained for years about the noise associated with Mergate airport, the city took the radical step of closing the airport entirely. However, many of Mergate’s businesses depend on spending by vacationers, and with Mergate airport closed, traveling to Mergate by air requires flying into Wave City airport, which is over a half hour from Mergate by highway. Therefore, vacation related businesses in Mergate will no longer be able to successfully compete with similar businesses in Wave City.
Which of the following is an assumption necessary for arriving at the conclusion drawn?
(A) Most businesses in Mergate depend on spending by vacationers for the majority of their income. - This choice simply restates the fact that "....many of Mergate’s businesses depend on spending by vacationers...." - Hence incorrect
(B) Residents of Mergate have not noticed a significant reduction in noise pollution since the airport was closed. - Irrelevant. Doesn't affect the conclusion. A significant reduction in noise pollution will have no impact on the fact that vacation-related businesses in Margate will no longer be able to successfully compete with similar businesses in wave city.
(C) The improvement in the ambience in Mergate resulting from the closing of the airport will not cause vacationers to feel that making some extra effort to get there is worthwhile. Correct answer. If the improvement in the ambience fail to attaract tourists to Mergate, the the tourists will land in Wave city and spend their money in Wave city. This will lead to ".... vacation related businesses in Mergate will no longer be able to successfully compete with similar businesses in Wave City."
(D) In Mergate, growth in business not dependent on spending by vacationers will not make up for any city tax revenue lost because of a reduction in vacationer related business. Irrelevant to conclusion
(E) The closing of the airport has not benefited any businesses located in Mergate. Irrelevant to the conclusion.
Which of the following is an assumption necessary for arriving at the conclusion drawn?
(A) Most businesses in Mergate depend on spending by vacationers for the majority of their income. - This choice simply restates the fact that "....many of Mergate’s businesses depend on spending by vacationers...." - Hence incorrect
(B) Residents of Mergate have not noticed a significant reduction in noise pollution since the airport was closed. - Irrelevant. Doesn't affect the conclusion. A significant reduction in noise pollution will have no impact on the fact that vacation-related businesses in Margate will no longer be able to successfully compete with similar businesses in wave city.
(C) The improvement in the ambience in Mergate resulting from the closing of the airport will not cause vacationers to feel that making some extra effort to get there is worthwhile. Correct answer. If the improvement in the ambience fail to attaract tourists to Mergate, the the tourists will land in Wave city and spend their money in Wave city. This will lead to ".... vacation related businesses in Mergate will no longer be able to successfully compete with similar businesses in Wave City."
(D) In Mergate, growth in business not dependent on spending by vacationers will not make up for any city tax revenue lost because of a reduction in vacationer related business. Irrelevant to conclusion
(E) The closing of the airport has not benefited any businesses located in Mergate. Irrelevant to the conclusion.
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