I think Karishma's A & B correlation explanation, focusing on the structure meticulously, is the right way to go about it. But I did find a more subjective-line-reasoning solving the Option "B" Vs "E" debate that I believe might be helpful.
If Mr Salauddin's statement is correct, then the events he predicts will happen.
Now, for option B, we need the running of the fan to lead to the electricity being on, and not the running of the fan to INDICATE that the electricity is on.
Now, in option E, we need the delay of Selim's flight to lead to his appointment to be missed. This is exactly what happens.
If E was in the structure of B, it would've gone something like "If Selim's flight is delayed, he must have missed his appointment" or "If Selim's flight is delayed, the appointment must not be happening.
Now, for the second halves of both options. First, the original statement - "The events he predicted did happen. So, his statement is correct."
first B - "The electricity is on, so the fan must be running". Although the first line alone defeats B, there's something amiss with the second-half of the statement as well. And that's the fact that we're now saying that the presence of electricity IS LOGICAL TO THE RUNNING OF THE FAN. Whereas, in the original statement, it's just that the reality of his prediction coming true that confirms the truth of his statement.
In E, "He kept his appointment; therefore, his flight must have been on time" similarly highlights how the reality of his action (keeping his appointment) confirms the flight must have been on time.
Bunuel
If Mr. Salauddin’s statement is correct, then the events he predicts will happen. The events he predicted did happen. Therefore his statement is correct.
Which of the following arguments has a logical structure that most nearly resembles that of the argument above?
A. If we win the game, we will be the league champions.
B. If the fan is running, then electricity must be on. The electricity is on; therefore, the fan must be running.
C. If the store is open, I will buy a shirt. I think the store is open; therefore, I should be able to buy a shirt.
D. If Javed answers his phone, then my prediction is correct. I predict that he is at home; therefore, he will answer his phone.
E. If Selim flight is delayed, he will miss his appointment. He kept his appointment; therefore, his flight must have been on time.