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Correlation --> Causation is what is shown here.
To evaluate this we need a statement that could make or break this and option D does exactly that which asks a question whether the reverse relationship could be true or not.
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Medical article: Detailed psychological interviews with hundreds of physicians have shown that those who rated their attitude towards patients highly also reported higher levels of job satisfaction. This finding suggests that a better attitude towards patients helps physicians avoid circumstances that can lower job satisfaction.

In evaluating how strong the article’s argument is, it would be most useful to know whether

A. physicians rate their attitude towards patients higher than a professional assessment from their superiors would
B. physicians’ assessment of their own attitude towards patients may be influenced by factors they are ignorant of
C. physicians’ rating of their attitude towards patients tends to fall for some time during interactions with uncooperative patients
D. low job satisfaction has a significant negative impact on physicians’ attitude towards patients
E. beyond a certain level, maintaining a good attitude towards patients tends to lower physicians’ job satisfaction


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Premise: Higher attitude -> higher job satisfaction (correlation)
Conclusion: Attitude causes job satisfaction

A: Even if doctors overrate themselves, the causal relationship remains. Irrelevant

B: Too vague; doesn't pinpoint reverse causality

C: A dip in attitude during a tough shift doesn't explain the causal relationship

D: This targets reverse causality. If low satisfaction ruins attitude, then satisfaction is the cause

E: This answer choice undermines at extremes but is irrelevant to the positive correlation observed. It doesn't help us determine the causal direction of the study's findings

Ans: D


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Medical article: Detailed psychological interviews with hundreds of physicians have shown that those who rated their attitude towards patients highly also reported higher levels of job satisfaction. This finding suggests that a better attitude towards patients helps physicians avoid circumstances that can lower job satisfaction.

In evaluating how strong the article’s argument is, it would be most useful to know whether

A. physicians rate their attitude towards patients higher than a professional assessment from their superiors would
B. physicians’ assessment of their own attitude towards patients may be influenced by factors they are ignorant of
C. physicians’ rating of their attitude towards patients tends to fall for some time during interactions with uncooperative patients
D. low job satisfaction has a significant negative impact on physicians’ attitude towards patients
E. beyond a certain level, maintaining a good attitude towards patients tends to lower physicians’ job satisfaction


Experts' Global
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ExpertsGlobal5
Medical article: Detailed psychological interviews with hundreds of physicians have shown that those who rated their attitude towards patients highly also reported higher levels of job satisfaction. This finding suggests that a better attitude towards patients helps physicians avoid circumstances that can lower job satisfaction.

In evaluating how strong the article’s argument is, it would be most useful to know whether

A. physicians rate their attitude towards patients higher than a professional assessment from their superiors would
B. physicians’ assessment of their own attitude towards patients may be influenced by factors they are ignorant of
C. physicians’ rating of their attitude towards patients tends to fall for some time during interactions with uncooperative patients
D. low job satisfaction has a significant negative impact on physicians’ attitude towards patients
E. beyond a certain level, maintaining a good attitude towards patients tends to lower physicians’ job satisfaction
D is the best choice.

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