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Sub 505 (Easy)|   Geometry|            
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Bunuel
Starting from point O on a flat school playground, a child walks 10 yards due north, then 6 yards due east, and then 2 yards due south, arriving at point P. How far apart, in yards, are points O and P?

(A) 18
(B) 16
(C) 14
(D) 12
(E) 10
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The distance in yards between points O and P is 10

The child creates a trapezoid with her walking pattern. The trapezoid can be divided into a rectangle and a right triangle

1) Find shape created by walking pattern. It will contain right angles (with compass points, "due [any direction]" = 90 degrees)

She walks 10 yards due north from point O to point A: OA = 10

Then 6 yards due east from A to B, which means a right angle at A. AB = 6

Then 2 yards due south from B to P. Another right angle. BP = 2

Connect P to O. She has created a trapezoid with her travel

2) Divide the shape into other shapes where distance between start and finish is easy to calculate

Draw a line from P, PX on diagram, that is perpendicular to OA
The new line divides trapezoid into two new shapes. Upper region is a rectangle. Lower region is right triangle

Rectangle has length = 6, width = 2

The rectangle's width, BP = AX = 2, divides original OA = 10 into two lengths AX and OX:
(OA - AX) = OX
(10 - 2) = 8 = OX

Looking at leg lengths PX and OX: the bottom portion is a 3-4-5 right triangle

3) Find distance between begin and end point

Find length of hypotenuse OP
Rule: If a right triangle has two legs in ratio 3x:4x, it is a 3x-4x-5x triangle and the hypotenuse = 5x

Leg PX = 6
Leg OX = (10 - 2) = 8

(3x: 4x: 5x) = (6: 8: 10)*

Distance between points O and P, in yards: 10

Answer (E)

*Or use Pythagorean theorem:
\(6^2 + 8^2 = OP^2\)
\(36 + 64 = OP^2\)
\(100 = OP^2\)
\(OP = 10\)
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To determine the distance between points O and P, we can use the concept of displacement.

The child first walks 10 yards due north, which means they move 10 yards in the positive y-direction.

Next, the child walks 6 yards due east, which means they move 6 yards in the positive x-direction.

Finally, the child walks 2 yards due south, which means they move 2 yards in the negative y-direction.

To find the total displacement, we can add the displacements in the x-direction and y-direction separately.

In the x-direction, the child moved 6 yards east.

In the y-direction, the child moved 10 yards north and then 2 yards south, resulting in a net movement of 10 - 2 = 8 yards north.

Thus, the total displacement in the x-direction is 6 yards and in the y-direction is 8 yards.

To find the distance between points O and P, we can use the Pythagorean theorem, which states that the square of the hypotenuse is equal to the sum of the squares of the other two sides in a right triangle.

Using the Pythagorean theorem, we have:

Distance^2 = (6 yards)^2 + (8 yards)^2 = 36 yards^2 + 64 yards^2 = 100 yards^2

Distance = 10 yards

Therefore, the distance between points O and P is 10 yards, corresponding to option (E).
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