Bunuel
Starting from point O on a flat school playground, a child walks 10 yards due north, then 6 yards due east, and then 2 yards due south, arriving at point P. How far apart, in yards, are points O and P?
(A) 18
(B) 16
(C) 14
(D) 12
(E) 10
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The distance in yards between points O and P is 10
The child creates a trapezoid with her walking pattern. The trapezoid can be divided into a rectangle and a right triangle
1) Find shape created by walking pattern. It will contain right angles (with compass points, "due [any direction]" = 90 degrees)
She walks 10 yards due north from point O to point A: OA =
10Then 6 yards due east from A to B, which means a right angle at A. AB =
6Then 2 yards due south from B to P. Another right angle. BP =
2Connect P to O. She has created a trapezoid with her travel
2) Divide the shape into other shapes where distance between start and finish is easy to calculate
Draw a line from P, PX on diagram, that is perpendicular to OA
The new line divides trapezoid into two new shapes. Upper region is a rectangle. Lower region is right triangle
Rectangle has length =
6, width =
2The rectangle's width, BP = AX = 2, divides original OA =
10 into two lengths AX and OX:
(OA - AX) = OX
(10 - 2) =
8 = OX
Looking at leg lengths PX and OX: the bottom portion is a 3-4-5 right triangle
3) Find distance between begin and end point
Find length of hypotenuse OP
Rule: If a right triangle has two legs in ratio 3x:4x, it is a 3x-4x-5x triangle and the hypotenuse = 5x
Leg PX =
6Leg OX = (10 - 2) =
8(3x: 4x: 5x) = (6: 8:
10)*
Distance between points O and P, in yards:
10Answer (E)
*
Or use Pythagorean theorem:\(6^2 + 8^2 = OP^2\)\(36 + 64 = OP^2\)\(100 = OP^2\)\(OP = 10\)