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Bunuel
A box contains only pens, pencils, and pads. If an item is randomly selected from the box, what is the probability that the item will be either a pencil or a pad?

(1) The probability that the item will be pad is 1/4.

(2) The probability that the chip will be pen is 1/3.

chip should be replaced with item
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Bunuel
A box contains only pens, pencils, and pads. If an item is randomly selected from the box, what is the probability that the item will be either a pencil or a pad?

(1) The probability that the item will be pad is 1/4.

(2) The probability that the chip will be pen is 1/3.

Given: A box contains only pens, pencils, and pads.

Asked: If an item is randomly selected from the box, what is the probability that the item will be either a pencil or a pad?

(1) The probability that the item will be pad is 1/4.
Probability that the item will be pencil is unknown
NOT SUFFICIENT

(2) The probability that the item will be pen is 1/3.
A box contains only pens, pencils, and pads.
No of either pencil or a pad = Total - no of pens
the probability that the item will be either a pencil or a pad = 1 - The probability that the item will be pen is 1/3 = 2/3
SUFFICIENT

IMO B
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Bunuel
A box contains only pens, pencils, and pads. If an item is randomly selected from the box, what is the probability that the item will be either a pencil or a pad?

(1) The probability that the item will be pad is 1/4.

(2) The probability that the item will be pen is 1/3.

Official Explanation



We have an abundance of pens, pencils and pads. The probability that an item will be a pencil or a pad is (pencil or pen) = P(pencil) + P(pen), the sum of the individual probabilities, or else P(pencil or pen) = 1 - P(pen) , the probably that the item chosen is not a pen. On to the statements, separately first.

Statement (1) doesn't fit either case for sufficiency. The probability of a pencil could be 1/2, say, or 1/4, yielding different results to the question. Insufficient.

Statement (2) gives us sufficient information. The probability that the item is not a pen is 2/3, so the probability that the item is either a pencil or a pad is 2/3. Sufficient.

The correct answer is (B).
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Bunuel
A box contains only pens, pencils, and pads. If an item is randomly selected from the box, what is the probability that the item will be either a pencil or a pad?

(1) The probability that the item will be pad is 1/4.

(2) The probability that the item will be pen is 1/3.

Video Explanation



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