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03 Jul 2020, 00:19
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A certain electric utility is considering exactly two designs (Designs 1 and 2) for a new power generation plant. Each design would result in a plant that would generate the same amount of power annually; but Design 1 would use a single Type A power generator, whereas Design 2 would use three Type B power generators.
Type A generators cost less than Type B generators to fuel per unit of power generated and vent through taller chimneys, which better prevent pollutants from concentrating near the plant. However, Type A generators produce solid waste that is difficult and expensive to dispose of safely.
Type B generators produce no solid waste and, as compared to Type A generators, vent approximately half as much Pollutant X, and even less Pollutant Y, per unit of power generated annually. However, Type B generators vent through much shorter chimneys.
Type A generators cost less than Type B generators to fuel per unit of power generated and vent through taller chimneys, which better prevent pollutants from concentrating near the plant. However, Type A generators produce solid waste that is difficult and expensive to dispose of safely.
Type B generators produce no solid waste and, as compared to Type A generators, vent approximately half as much Pollutant X, and even less Pollutant Y, per unit of power generated annually. However, Type B generators vent through much shorter chimneys.
A desire to use the type of generator that costs less to fuel per unit of power generated: Yes
A desire to avoid having to dispose of solid waste: No
A desire to emit less Pollutant X per unit of power generated annually: No
Be sure to select an answer first to save it in the Error Log before revealing the correct answer (OA)!
Difficulty:
15%
(low)
Question Stats:
72% (02:31) correct
28%
(02:38)
wrong
based on 2035
sessions
History
Date
Time
Result
Not Attempted Yet
1. Suppose that the utility chooses Design 1 over Design 2. For each of the following motivations, select Yes if the information in the tabs suggests that it would help explain this choice. Otherwise, select No
| Yes | No | |
| A desire to use the type of generator that costs less to fuel per unit of power generated | ||
| A desire to avoid having to dispose of solid waste | ||
| A desire to emit less Pollutant X per unit of power generated annually |
ShowHide Answer
Official Answer
A desire to use the type of generator that costs less to fuel per unit of power generated: Yes
A desire to avoid having to dispose of solid waste: No
A desire to emit less Pollutant X per unit of power generated annually: No
During the startup phase, the Design 1 power plant would emit more Pollutant Y per hour than would the Design 2 power plant.: Yes
During the normal generating phase, the emissions per hour of Pollutant Y from the Design 2 power plant would be less than 5% of those from the Design 1 power plant.: No
During the normal generating phase, the contribution to the ground-level concentration of Pollutant Y from the Design 2 power plant would be less than 25% of that from the Design 1 power plant.: No
Be sure to select an answer first to save it in the Error Log before revealing the correct answer (OA)!
Difficulty:
95%
(hard)
Question Stats:
44% (02:14) correct
56%
(02:08)
wrong
based on 2378
sessions
History
Date
Time
Result
Not Attempted Yet
2. For each of the following statements, select Yes if the statement accurately reflects the information given in the tabs. Otherwise, select No
| Yes | No | |
| During the startup phase, the Design 1 power plant would emit more Pollutant Y per hour than would the Design 2 power plant. | ||
| During the normal generating phase, the emissions per hour of Pollutant Y from the Design 2 power plant would be less than 5% of those from the Design 1 power plant. | ||
| During the normal generating phase, the contribution to the ground-level concentration of Pollutant Y from the Design 2 power plant would be less than 25% of that from the Design 1 power plant. |
ShowHide Answer
Official Answer
During the startup phase, the Design 1 power plant would emit more Pollutant Y per hour than would the Design 2 power plant.: Yes
During the normal generating phase, the emissions per hour of Pollutant Y from the Design 2 power plant would be less than 5% of those from the Design 1 power plant.: No
During the normal generating phase, the contribution to the ground-level concentration of Pollutant Y from the Design 2 power plant would be less than 25% of that from the Design 1 power plant.: No
1.22
Be sure to select an answer first to save it in the Error Log before revealing the correct answer (OA)!
Difficulty:
55%
(hard)
Question Stats:
55% (01:24) correct
45%
(01:29)
wrong
based on 1806
sessions
History
Date
Time
Result
Not Attempted Yet
3. Suppose that the startup phase for Type A generators takes exactly one hour. Given this and based on the information in the tabs, which one of the following would be closest to the startup time, in hours, for Type B generators that would result in equal emissions of Pollutant Y for both power plant designs during a single startup phase?
| 3.67 | |
| 0.27 | |
| 0.81 | |
| 1.22 | |
| 36.33 |
A certain electric utility is considering exactly two designs (Designs 1 and 2) for a new power generation plant. Each design would result in a plant that would generate the same amount of power annually; but Design 1 would use a single Type A power generator, whereas Design 2 would use three Type B power generators.
Type A generators cost less than Type B generators to fuel per unit of power generated and vent through taller chimneys, which better prevent pollutants from concentrating near the plant. However, Type A generators produce solid waste that is difficult and expensive to dispose of safely.
Type B generators produce no solid waste and, as compared to Type A generators, vent approximately half as much Pollutant X, and even less Pollutant Y, per unit of power generated annually. However, Type B generators vent through much shorter chimneys.
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04 Jan 2021, 02:10
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Please read the OE below.
I hope it helps
Official Explanation
1 Suppose that the utility chooses Design 1 over Design 2. For each of the following motivations, select Yes if the information in the tabs suggests that it would help explain this choice. Otherwise, select No.
RO1
Design 1 uses a single Type A generator. The discussion says that Type A generators cost less than Type B generators to fuel per unit of power generated, so a desire to use a Type A generator would help explain the choice of Design 1.
The correct answer is Yes.
RO2
The discussion says that Type A generators used in Design 1 produce solid waste, unlike the Type B generators used in Design 2. Thus, a desire to avoid having to dispose of solid waste would not help explain the choice of Design 1.
The correct answer is No.
RO3
Designs 1 and 2 generate the same amount of power per year. However, the generators used in Design 2 vent about half as much Pollutant X per unit of power generated annually as the generators used in Design 1. Therefore, the total amount of Pollutant X vented per year from the use of Design 2 is about half of the total amount of Pollutant X vented per year from the use of Design 1. Because both designs generate the same amount of power per year, this same relationship holds for the amount of Pollutant X vented per unit of power generated annually. Thus, a desire to emit less Pollutant X per unit of power generated annually would be an argument for choosing Design 2 over Design 1 and not an argument for choosing Design 1 over Design 2.
The correct answer is No.
2 For each of the following statements, select Yes if the statement accurately reflects the information given in the tabs. Otherwise, select No.
RO1
According to the discussion, Design 1 would use a single Type A power generator. The chart shows that a Type A generator emits 744 kg/hr of Pollutant Y during the startup phase. The discussion indicates that Design 2 would use three Type B power generators. The chart shows that each Type B generator emits 203 kg/hr of Pollutant Y during the startup phase. The total emission rate for three Type B generators would be 3(203) = 609 kg/hr. Since 744 > 609, Design 1 would emit more Pollutant Y per hour during the startup phase than would Design 2.
The correct answer is Yes.
RO2
The chart shows that during the normal generating phase, a Type B generator emits 6 kg/hr of Pollutant Y. Design 2 uses three of these generators, so its total emission rate during this phase would be 3(6) = 18 kg/hr. Design 1 uses a single Type A generator, which the chart shows emits 218 kg/hr of Pollutant Y during the normal generating phase. Five percent of 218 kg/hr is 10.9 kg/hr, and the emission rate of Design 2 (18 kg/hr) is not less than this amount.
The correct answer is No.
RO3
According to the chart, each Type B generator increases the ground-level concentration of Pollutant Y by 3 mcg/m3 during the normal generating phase. Design 2 uses three of these generators, so its total contribution would be 3(3) = 9 mcg/m3. Design 1 uses a single Type A generator, which the chart shows to increase the ground-level concentration of Pollutant Y by 13 mcg/m3 during the normal generating phase. Twenty-five percent of 13 is 3.25, and the Pollutant Y contribution of Design 2 (9 mcg/m3) is not less than that number.
The correct answer is No.
3 Suppose that the startup phase for Type A generators takes exactly one hour. Given this and based on the information in the tabs, which one of the following would be closest to the startup time, in hours, for Type B generators that would result in equal emissions of Pollutant Y for both power plant designs during a single startup phase?
Let t denote the number of hours of startup it will take for the amount of Pollutant Y emitted by Design 2 to equal the amount emitted by Design 1 in a single hour of startup. Design 1 uses one Type A generator, which the chart shows emits 744 kg of Pollutant Y in an hour of startup. Design 2 uses three Type B generators, each of which emits 203 kg of Pollutant Y per hour of startup. Thus, since t hours of Design 2 startup emits the same amount of Pollutant Y as one hour of Design 1 startup, 3(203 kg/hr)(t hr) = 744 kg. Solving for t gives \(t=\frac{744}{609}\), which is approximately 1.22.
The correct answer is 1.22.
1 Suppose that the utility chooses Design 1 over Design 2. For each of the following motivations, select Yes if the information in the tabs suggests that it would help explain this choice. Otherwise, select No.
RO1
Design 1 uses a single Type A generator. The discussion says that Type A generators cost less than Type B generators to fuel per unit of power generated, so a desire to use a Type A generator would help explain the choice of Design 1.
The correct answer is Yes.
RO2
The discussion says that Type A generators used in Design 1 produce solid waste, unlike the Type B generators used in Design 2. Thus, a desire to avoid having to dispose of solid waste would not help explain the choice of Design 1.
The correct answer is No.
RO3
Designs 1 and 2 generate the same amount of power per year. However, the generators used in Design 2 vent about half as much Pollutant X per unit of power generated annually as the generators used in Design 1. Therefore, the total amount of Pollutant X vented per year from the use of Design 2 is about half of the total amount of Pollutant X vented per year from the use of Design 1. Because both designs generate the same amount of power per year, this same relationship holds for the amount of Pollutant X vented per unit of power generated annually. Thus, a desire to emit less Pollutant X per unit of power generated annually would be an argument for choosing Design 2 over Design 1 and not an argument for choosing Design 1 over Design 2.
The correct answer is No.
2 For each of the following statements, select Yes if the statement accurately reflects the information given in the tabs. Otherwise, select No.
RO1
According to the discussion, Design 1 would use a single Type A power generator. The chart shows that a Type A generator emits 744 kg/hr of Pollutant Y during the startup phase. The discussion indicates that Design 2 would use three Type B power generators. The chart shows that each Type B generator emits 203 kg/hr of Pollutant Y during the startup phase. The total emission rate for three Type B generators would be 3(203) = 609 kg/hr. Since 744 > 609, Design 1 would emit more Pollutant Y per hour during the startup phase than would Design 2.
The correct answer is Yes.
RO2
The chart shows that during the normal generating phase, a Type B generator emits 6 kg/hr of Pollutant Y. Design 2 uses three of these generators, so its total emission rate during this phase would be 3(6) = 18 kg/hr. Design 1 uses a single Type A generator, which the chart shows emits 218 kg/hr of Pollutant Y during the normal generating phase. Five percent of 218 kg/hr is 10.9 kg/hr, and the emission rate of Design 2 (18 kg/hr) is not less than this amount.
The correct answer is No.
RO3
According to the chart, each Type B generator increases the ground-level concentration of Pollutant Y by 3 mcg/m3 during the normal generating phase. Design 2 uses three of these generators, so its total contribution would be 3(3) = 9 mcg/m3. Design 1 uses a single Type A generator, which the chart shows to increase the ground-level concentration of Pollutant Y by 13 mcg/m3 during the normal generating phase. Twenty-five percent of 13 is 3.25, and the Pollutant Y contribution of Design 2 (9 mcg/m3) is not less than that number.
The correct answer is No.
3 Suppose that the startup phase for Type A generators takes exactly one hour. Given this and based on the information in the tabs, which one of the following would be closest to the startup time, in hours, for Type B generators that would result in equal emissions of Pollutant Y for both power plant designs during a single startup phase?
Let t denote the number of hours of startup it will take for the amount of Pollutant Y emitted by Design 2 to equal the amount emitted by Design 1 in a single hour of startup. Design 1 uses one Type A generator, which the chart shows emits 744 kg of Pollutant Y in an hour of startup. Design 2 uses three Type B generators, each of which emits 203 kg of Pollutant Y per hour of startup. Thus, since t hours of Design 2 startup emits the same amount of Pollutant Y as one hour of Design 1 startup, 3(203 kg/hr)(t hr) = 744 kg. Solving for t gives \(t=\frac{744}{609}\), which is approximately 1.22.
The correct answer is 1.22.
I hope it helps
Quote:
Features:
Design 1:
1 generator of Type A ;
Less fuel cost per unit of power generated ;
Solid Waste produced which needs to be disposed off ;
Tall chimneys so less pollution near the generator area;
More X and Y pollutants for same power generated
Design 2:
3 generators of Type B ;
More fuel cost per unit of power generated ;
No solid waste so no hassle of disposing it off ;
Short chimneys so more pollution near the generator area ;
Less than half X and Y pollutants for same power generated
Question 1.
1. Suppose that the utility chooses Design 1 over Design 2. For each of the following motivations, select Yes if the information in the tabs suggests that it would help explain this choice. Otherwise, select No
If design 1 was chosen, then it was because they liked certain features of design 1. So for each desire below select Yes if that was one of the reasons why design 1 was chosen.
- A desire to use the type of generator that costs less to fuel per unit of power generated
YES. Design 1 does have lower cost of fuel. So this could have been a reason why design 1 was chosen.
- A desire to avoid having to dispose of solid waste
NO. Design 1 produces solid waste. So this could not have been the reason design 1 was chosen. If this were a desire, then design 2 would have been chosen. It doesn't explain why design 1 was chosen.
- A desire to emit less Pollutant X per unit of power generated annually
NO. Design 1 produces more Pollutant X per unit of power generated annually. If this were a desire, then design 2 would have been chosen. It doesn't explain why design 1 was chosen.
