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sandalphon
Warning that computers in the United States are not secure, the National Academy of Sciences has urged the nation to revamp computer security procedures, institute new emergency response teams, creating a special nongovernment organization to take charge of computer security planning.


(A) creating a special nongovernment organization to take

(B) creating a special nongovernment organization that takes

(C) creating a special nongovernment organization for taking

(D) and create a special nongovernment organization for taking

(E) and create a special nongovernment organization to take


(A) creating a special nongovernment organization to take - Wrong: Structure

(B) creating a special nongovernment organization that takes - Wrong: Structure 2) Meaning

(C) creating a special nongovernment organization for taking - Wrong: Structure 2) Idiom

(D) and create a special nongovernment organization for taking - Wrong: 1) Idiom

(E) and create a special nongovernment organization to take - Correct
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Warning that computers in the United States are not secure, the National Academy of Sciences has urged the nation to revamp computer security procedures, institute new emergency response teams, creating a special nongovernment organization to take charge of computer security planning.

A pretty direct question that tests you on Parallelism.

The National Academy of Sciences has urged the nation to do a couple of things- to revamp computer security procedures, institute new emergency response teams, creating a special nongovernment organization to take charge of computer security planning.

The third item in the list is not parallel to the other two items in the non-underlined part. Eliminate options A, B, and C.

(A) creating a special nongovernment organization to take

(B) creating a special nongovernment organization that takes

(C) creating a special nongovernment organization for taking

(D) and create a special nongovernment organization for taking

Why has the National Academy of Sciences urged the nation to do all these things?
To take charge of computer security planning. As we are talking about the intent, the infinitive form should be used.

(E) and create a special nongovernment organization to take

E corrects all the errors present in the other options. E is correct.
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Leaving option E all the rest options can be eliminated on the basis of parallelism error.
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Warning that computers in the United States are not secure, the National Academy of Sciences has urged the nation to revamp computer security procedures, institute new emergency response teams, creating a special nongovernment organization to take charge of computer security planning.


(A) creating a special nongovernment organization to take

(B) creating a special nongovernment organization that takes

(C) creating a special nongovernment organization for taking

(D) and create a special nongovernment organization for taking

(E) and create a special nongovernment organization to take

I believe that "Warning that computers in the United States are not secure" is a noun + noun modifier construction ,and it is modifying the following clause.

Is my understanding correct ?

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perseverance2021
I believe that "Warning that computers in the United States are not secure" is a noun + noun modifier construction ,and it is modifying the following clause.

Is my understanding correct ?
Hi perseverance2021,

Warning that computers in the United States are not secure is an introductory participle phrase, not an absolute phrase. It's perfectly okay to think of this structure as an adverbial modifier for the following clause, but it still shares a subject with the clause it refers to. Alternatively, you can think if it as a special kind of adjective that does more than just describe the noun after the comma (the subject of the clause).

We don't need to worry too much about this classification, but if either the modifier or the subject is in the underlined portion, we should check whether the modifier makes sense with the subject.

1. Warning that computers in the United States are not secure, the National Academy of Sciences...Introductory participle phrase, needs a logical subject after it.

2. A warning that was not heeded, disturbing posts on social media...Appositive, needs a logical noun

3. The movie over, we decided to go home.Absolute phrase, so no such restriction (an absolute phrase already has a subject, which is followed by another element, something other than a "complete" verb)
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Thanks AjiteshArun for clarifying this.
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