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Hello. I have seen the following statements in some sources. Is where+past participle in these sentences is a reduced adverbial or not or what ? How should we think ? I couldn't understand ? Thank you.
springer article : Fig. 3a, b The particles formed were spherical in shape. The nanospherical formed where shown to have high surface area
nytimes.com : Most interesting was that he took the concept of a rounded shoulder to its furthest point, a full arch sprouting over a jacket as if it were still attached to its garment bag. And the plastic bodices, where shown, were more than welcome
the economist : The worry is that this is a crack open of the door and it’s about to swing open,” says Mr Irwin—a rare case where closed might be better than open.
Science Magazine : On eight different days, my pictures where shown on the screen during the "ZDF Coastal Report" program.
Molecular and Cellular Pediatrics : Lung ceramide levels where shown to be higher in human subjects with emphysema.
The New York Times : If popular photo-sharing apps like Instagram are like Facebook, where closed networks of friends share images, Color is more like Twitter, in that it is far more public
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Hi. I I have not considered these phrases before. Thank you for bringing it up. I am going to potentially make a fool of myself but I’m going to venture and say that these are truncated clauses. Instead of saying for example
you can watch this movie where available
you could say
you can watch this movie where it is available.
So I think we could apply rules that would be similar to clauses such as dependent or independent clauses. That would maybe be my guess but I am fully prepared to be corrected. 😇
First of all, thank you very much for your answer. In English grammar, what kind of structures are called grammar? Can you recommend me a grammar book to explain this subject? Because in grammar books, this topic is referred to as adverbial reducing or ellipsis. However, the examples of "while and when" are used while describing such subjects in the books. So i need a book where '' where '' example is given. Thank you.
Almost all subordinating conjunctions can use this structure.
For example:
Although tired, Peter continued to run.
I would not recommend "memorizing" the "list of conjunctions that can use such structures.
As long as you realize that this is a valid structure, it should suffice for GMAT purposes.
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