D is the right answer.Quote:
You should not praise an act of apparent generosity unless you believe it is actually performed out of selfless motives, and you should not condemn an act of apparent selfishness unless you believe it is actually performed out of self-centered motives.
Which one of the following judgments conforms to the principle stated above?
The following valid logic diagrams can be drawn from the statements above.
1. An act of generosity that is not out of selflessness ------> that act of generosity should not be praised.
2. Act of generosity should be praised -------> act of generosity that is out of selflessness
3. Act of apparent selfishness that is not performed out of self-centeredness -----> That act of selfishness should not be condemned
4. Act of apparent selfishness should be condemned ------> that act of selfishness is performed out of self-centeredness
With these four valid logical diagrams in mind, let's evaluate the answer choices to ascertain which answer choice follows any of the four valid inferences above.
Quote:
(A) Caroline rightly blamed her coworker Monica for failing to assist her in doing a time-consuming project, even though she knew that Monica had offered to help in the project earlier but that her offer had been vetoed by their supervisor.
From the statement in A, Monica had selflessly offered to help in the project hence, from inference 1 above, Monica should not be condemned. Meanwhile the statement says that Caroline rightly blamed Monica. This is thus incorrect.
Quote:
(B) It was correct for Sarah not to praise Michael for being charitable when he told her that he donates a tenth of his income to charity, since she guessed that he only told that fact in order to impress her.
So Michael told Sarah about his charitable act that he did in the past and Sarah guessed that he only told her that fact to impress her. Sarah guessed, she could be wrong or she could be right. If she is wrong, then her act opposed to the inference 2 above. Besides, the information provided in B above is not direct as we have no way of ascertaining whether Michael's donation was truly an act of generosity performed out of selflessness. Eliminate B.
Quote:
(C) Enrique justifiably excused his friend William for failing to write or phone after William moved out of town because he realized that William never makes an effort to keep in contact with any of his friends.
C is also incorrect because we are unable to determine clearly whether William's failure to make an effort to keep in contact with any of his friends after he moved out of town was out of self-centeredness. Based on this, we cannot tell per the inference 4 whether Enrique is justified to excuse William.
Quote:
(D) Daniel was right not to praise Margaret for offering to share her house with a visiting French family, since he believes that she made the offer only because she hoped it would be reciprocated by an invitation to use the family’s apartment in Paris.
Correct. This is rightly in line with inference 3. Margaret had a selfish motive for offering to share her house with a visiting French family since she only made the offer in anticipation of a reciprocated invitation to use the family's apartment in Paris.
Quote:
(E) Albert correctly criticized Louise for adopting an abandoned dog because he believes that, although she felt sorry for the dog, she did not have sufficient time or space to care for it adequately.
This is incorrect as it violates inference 2 above. Louise felt sorry for the abandoned dog, hence her decision to adopt it is charitable. Per inference 2, her action should be praised and not criticized.