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14 Jul 2021, 21:00
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Question 1
E
Be sure to select an answer first to save it in the Error Log before revealing the correct answer (OA)!
Difficulty:
5%
(low)
Question Stats:
83% (02:25) correct
17%
(02:37) wrong
based on 469
sessions
History
Date
Time
Result
Not Attempted Yet
Question 2
D
Be sure to select an answer first to save it in the Error Log before revealing the correct answer (OA)!
Difficulty:
15%
(low)
Question Stats:
76% (01:00) correct 24%
(01:00) wrong
based on 484
sessions
History
Date
Time
Result
Not Attempted Yet
Question 3
B
Be sure to select an answer first to save it in the Error Log before revealing the correct answer (OA)!
Difficulty:
95%
(hard)
Question Stats:
18% (01:02) correct 82%
(00:59) wrong
based on 478
sessions
History
Date
Time
Result
Not Attempted Yet
Question 4
E
Be sure to select an answer first to save it in the Error Log before revealing the correct answer (OA)!
Difficulty:
5%
(low)
Question Stats:
94% (00:35) correct 6%
(01:14) wrong
based on 449
sessions
History
Date
Time
Result
Not Attempted Yet
Your self-esteem is closely related to your self-concept. Through your self-concept, you describe who you are. Through your self-esteem or self-worth, you evaluate who you are. People derive their sense of self-worth from comparing themselves to others. A belief that you cannot cook like a chef may not, in itself, lower your self-esteem. But if there are several things you can’t do well, or many important tasks that you cannot seem to master, these shortcomings may begin to colour your overall sense of worth.
Psychologist Eric Berne developed the concept of a life position to describe people’s overall sense of their own worth and that of others. He identified four positions: (1) ‘I’m OK, you’re OK,’ or positive regard for self and others; (2) ‘I’m OK, you’re not OK,’ or positive regard for self and low regard for others; (3) ‘I’m not OK, you’re OK,’ or low self-regard and positive regard for others and (4) ‘I’m not OK, you’re not OK,’ or low regard for both self and others. Your life position is a driving force in your relationships with others. People in the ‘I’m OK, you’re OK,’ position have the best chance of healthy relationships because they have discovered their own talents and recognise that others have talents different from their own.
Intrapersonal communication is communication within yourself—self-talk. Realistic positive self-talk can have a reassuring effect on your level of self-worth and your interactions with others. Conversely, repeating negative messages about your lack of skill and ability can keep you from trying and achieving.
Visualisation takes the notion of self-talk one step further. Besides, just telling yourself that you can achieve your goal, you can actually try to ‘see’ yourself conversing effectively with others, performing well on a project or exhibiting some other desirable behaviour. Research suggests that an apprehensive public speaker can manage fear not only by developing skills in public speaking but also by visualising positive results when speaking to an audience.
Reframing is the process of redefining events and experiences from a different point of view. Just as reframing a work of art can give the picture a whole new look, reframing events can change your perspective.
Having at least one other person who can help you honestly reflect on your virtues and vices can be extremely beneficial in fostering a healthy, positive self-image. The more credible the source of information, the more likely you are to believe it. Having a trusted friend, colleague or counsellor who can listen without judging you and give you the straight scoop about yourself can help you avoid ‘pity parties.
Your self-concept is not a fixed construct. It was not implanted at birth to remain constant for the rest of your life. Things change. Individuals with low self-esteem may be locking on to events and experiences that happened years ago and tenaciously refusing to let go of them.
Some of your self-image problems may be so ingrained that you need professional help. A trained therapist can help you sort through them. Because you have spent your whole lifetime developing your self-esteem, it is not easy to make big changes. But as you have seen, talking through problems can make a difference.
Psychologist Eric Berne developed the concept of a life position to describe people’s overall sense of their own worth and that of others. He identified four positions: (1) ‘I’m OK, you’re OK,’ or positive regard for self and others; (2) ‘I’m OK, you’re not OK,’ or positive regard for self and low regard for others; (3) ‘I’m not OK, you’re OK,’ or low self-regard and positive regard for others and (4) ‘I’m not OK, you’re not OK,’ or low regard for both self and others. Your life position is a driving force in your relationships with others. People in the ‘I’m OK, you’re OK,’ position have the best chance of healthy relationships because they have discovered their own talents and recognise that others have talents different from their own.
Intrapersonal communication is communication within yourself—self-talk. Realistic positive self-talk can have a reassuring effect on your level of self-worth and your interactions with others. Conversely, repeating negative messages about your lack of skill and ability can keep you from trying and achieving.
Visualisation takes the notion of self-talk one step further. Besides, just telling yourself that you can achieve your goal, you can actually try to ‘see’ yourself conversing effectively with others, performing well on a project or exhibiting some other desirable behaviour. Research suggests that an apprehensive public speaker can manage fear not only by developing skills in public speaking but also by visualising positive results when speaking to an audience.
Reframing is the process of redefining events and experiences from a different point of view. Just as reframing a work of art can give the picture a whole new look, reframing events can change your perspective.
Having at least one other person who can help you honestly reflect on your virtues and vices can be extremely beneficial in fostering a healthy, positive self-image. The more credible the source of information, the more likely you are to believe it. Having a trusted friend, colleague or counsellor who can listen without judging you and give you the straight scoop about yourself can help you avoid ‘pity parties.
Your self-concept is not a fixed construct. It was not implanted at birth to remain constant for the rest of your life. Things change. Individuals with low self-esteem may be locking on to events and experiences that happened years ago and tenaciously refusing to let go of them.
Some of your self-image problems may be so ingrained that you need professional help. A trained therapist can help you sort through them. Because you have spent your whole lifetime developing your self-esteem, it is not easy to make big changes. But as you have seen, talking through problems can make a difference.
1. What is the central idea of the passage?
(A) Comparing and contrasting intrapersonal and interpersonal communication.
(B) Discussing the differences between self-esteem and self-concept.
(C) Discussing the stages that people go through when they are facing change.
(D) Encouraging the use of therapy and counselling to deal with stress.
(E) Explaining the concept of self-esteem and describing ways to improve self-image.
(A) Comparing and contrasting intrapersonal and interpersonal communication.
(B) Discussing the differences between self-esteem and self-concept.
(C) Discussing the stages that people go through when they are facing change.
(D) Encouraging the use of therapy and counselling to deal with stress.
(E) Explaining the concept of self-esteem and describing ways to improve self-image.
2. According to the passage, visualisation can prove helpful in enhancing self-worth. This is clear from the fact that:
(A) a person gets a chance to enhance self-worth when he compares himself to others.
(B) an individual’s self-concept can change with time as he visualises things.
(C) it helps in reframing events that can change one’s perspective towards life.
(D) it takes self-talk one step ahead and helps in visualising things positively which yields positive results.
(E) looking to future events and experiences can give a boost to your self-concept.
(A) a person gets a chance to enhance self-worth when he compares himself to others.
(B) an individual’s self-concept can change with time as he visualises things.
(C) it helps in reframing events that can change one’s perspective towards life.
(D) it takes self-talk one step ahead and helps in visualising things positively which yields positive results.
(E) looking to future events and experiences can give a boost to your self-concept.
3. According to the author, what can be concluded from the passage?
(A) Communication, when taking the shape of visualisation, reframing and self-talk, can foster a positive self-image.
(B) People can improve the overall sense of their own worth and that of others in several ways.
(C) Self-worth and self-concept are the most significant assets of human life.
(D) Self-concept can be changed at any stage of life.
(E) There are a variety of ways in which a healthy self-image can be fostered.
(A) Communication, when taking the shape of visualisation, reframing and self-talk, can foster a positive self-image.
(B) People can improve the overall sense of their own worth and that of others in several ways.
(C) Self-worth and self-concept are the most significant assets of human life.
(D) Self-concept can be changed at any stage of life.
(E) There are a variety of ways in which a healthy self-image can be fostered.
4. According to the passage, the author agrees with all of the following statements, EXCEPT:
(A) developing honest relationships is important to creating a healthy self-image.
(B) speech communication empowers each of us.
(C) people can also help an individual reflect upon his virtues and vices.
(D) people and circumstances change.
(E) your self-concept is formed before you are born and remains the same.
(A) developing honest relationships is important to creating a healthy self-image.
(B) speech communication empowers each of us.
(C) people can also help an individual reflect upon his virtues and vices.
(D) people and circumstances change.
(E) your self-concept is formed before you are born and remains the same.
16 Jul 2021, 04:51
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P1: self-esteem and self-concept
P2: life position
P3: self-talk
P4: visualize
P5: reframing
P6: reflection
P7: self-concept not fixed
P8: therapists
Q1 Central idea: ways to boost self-esteem/self-concept
(A) Comparing and contrasting intrapersonal and interpersonal communication. (no comparison -> DROP)
(B) Discussing the differences between self-esteem and self-concept. (interrelated, not showing that they are different -> DROP)
(C) Discussing the stages that people go through when they are facing change. (out of scope -> DROP)
(D) Encouraging the use of therapy and counselling to deal with stress. (only in last paragraph, and not clearly encourage this sol -> DROP)
(E) Explaining the concept of self-esteem and describing ways to improve self-image. (YES: describe and ways)
Ans: E
Q2: visualization helps because it is one-step further of self-talk (since self-talk works, visualization must also work)
(A) a person gets a chance to enhance self-worth when he compares himself to others.
(B) an individual’s self-concept can change with time as he visualises things.
(C) it helps in reframing events that can change one’s perspective towards life.
(D) it takes self-talk one step ahead and helps in visualising things positively which yields positive results. (YES)
(E) looking to future events and experiences can give a boost to your self-concept.
Ans: D (for other choices, not supported in that particular paragraph)
Q3: Conclusion
(A) Communication, when taking the shape of visualisation, reframing and self-talk, can foster a positive self-image. (the author mentions visualization + self-talk, but mentions reframing separately -> unsupported)
(B) People can improve the overall sense of their own worth and that of others in several ways. (mention about their worths not other worths in several ways -> contradictory)
(C) Self-worth and self-concept are the most significant assets of human life. (important, but not the MOST -> unsupported comparison)
(D) Self-concept can be changed at any stage of life. (can be changed not equiv to at any stage -> TOO FAR)
(E) There are a variety of ways in which a healthy self-image can be fostered. (YES -> main point)
Ans: E
Q4 Agree EXCEPT
(A) developing honest relationships is important to creating a healthy self-image. (YES - P2)
(B) speech communication empowers each of us. (YES - P3)
(C) people can also help an individual reflect upon his virtues and vices. (YES - P6)
(D) people and circumstances change. (YES - P7)
(E) your self-concept is formed before you are born and remains the same. (No - contradictory to P7)
Ans: E
P2: life position
P3: self-talk
P4: visualize
P5: reframing
P6: reflection
P7: self-concept not fixed
P8: therapists
Q1 Central idea: ways to boost self-esteem/self-concept
(A) Comparing and contrasting intrapersonal and interpersonal communication. (no comparison -> DROP)
(B) Discussing the differences between self-esteem and self-concept. (interrelated, not showing that they are different -> DROP)
(C) Discussing the stages that people go through when they are facing change. (out of scope -> DROP)
(D) Encouraging the use of therapy and counselling to deal with stress. (only in last paragraph, and not clearly encourage this sol -> DROP)
(E) Explaining the concept of self-esteem and describing ways to improve self-image. (YES: describe and ways)
Ans: E
Q2: visualization helps because it is one-step further of self-talk (since self-talk works, visualization must also work)
(A) a person gets a chance to enhance self-worth when he compares himself to others.
(B) an individual’s self-concept can change with time as he visualises things.
(C) it helps in reframing events that can change one’s perspective towards life.
(D) it takes self-talk one step ahead and helps in visualising things positively which yields positive results. (YES)
(E) looking to future events and experiences can give a boost to your self-concept.
Ans: D (for other choices, not supported in that particular paragraph)
Q3: Conclusion
(A) Communication, when taking the shape of visualisation, reframing and self-talk, can foster a positive self-image. (the author mentions visualization + self-talk, but mentions reframing separately -> unsupported)
(B) People can improve the overall sense of their own worth and that of others in several ways. (mention about their worths not other worths in several ways -> contradictory)
(C) Self-worth and self-concept are the most significant assets of human life. (important, but not the MOST -> unsupported comparison)
(D) Self-concept can be changed at any stage of life. (can be changed not equiv to at any stage -> TOO FAR)
(E) There are a variety of ways in which a healthy self-image can be fostered. (YES -> main point)
Ans: E
Q4 Agree EXCEPT
(A) developing honest relationships is important to creating a healthy self-image. (YES - P2)
(B) speech communication empowers each of us. (YES - P3)
(C) people can also help an individual reflect upon his virtues and vices. (YES - P6)
(D) people and circumstances change. (YES - P7)
(E) your self-concept is formed before you are born and remains the same. (No - contradictory to P7)
Ans: E
23 Jul 2021, 22:46
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Official Explanation
3. According to the author, what can be concluded from the passage?
Difficulty Level: 700-750
Explanation
(A) This is incorrect as reframing and visualisation are not forms of communication.
(B) This is correct as this is the main idea of the passage.
(C) This is not at all mentioned or suggested in the passage.
(D) This is incorrect as the passage just states that self-concept can be changed but whether it can be changed at any stage of life, cannot be concluded.
(E) This talks of self-image while the passage talks of self-esteem and self-concept. So, the option can be rejected.
The correct answer is B.
Difficulty Level: 700-750
Explanation
(A) This is incorrect as reframing and visualisation are not forms of communication.
(B) This is correct as this is the main idea of the passage.
(C) This is not at all mentioned or suggested in the passage.
(D) This is incorrect as the passage just states that self-concept can be changed but whether it can be changed at any stage of life, cannot be concluded.
(E) This talks of self-image while the passage talks of self-esteem and self-concept. So, the option can be rejected.
The correct answer is B.
