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Bunuel
A certain store sells a case of milk for x dollars. If the store purchases the milk for y dollars per gallon, how much per gallon does it profit on the milk that it sells?

(1) There are 24 one-gallon cartons of milk in one case

(2) x - 24y = 40

Case of milk selling price = $x
Cost Price of milk per gallon = $y
If there are a gallons in a case

Question: Profit / gallon = \(\frac{(x - ay)}{a}\)?

We need to know how many gallons come in a case.

Statement 1: There are 24 one-gallon cartons of milk in one case
so we know the value of a=24
Profit / gallon = (x - 24y)/24
Still we can't answer as we do NOT know the value of x-24y hence
NOT SUFFICIENT

Statement 2:x - 24y = 40
We don't know the value of a and this expression in isolation doesn't give us anything hence
NOT SUFFICIENT

Combining the statements
(x - 24y)/24 = 40/24 = 5/3
SUFFICIENT

Answer: Option C

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Bunuel
A certain store sells a case of milk for x dollars. If the store purchases the milk for y dollars per gallon, how much per gallon does it profit on the milk that it sells?

(1) There are 24 one-gallon cartons of milk in one case

(2) x - 24y = 40


This is a Data Sufficiency Butler Question

Check the links to other Butler Projects:

­
The wording of the question has made this question a bit tricky.

Given: Selling Price (SP) of a Case of milk = $ x
Cost price for CP of a gallon of milk = $ y

Profit per gallon = ?

With the given question stem, we can’t relate case with gallon. A case can hold n gallons. So, let’s proceed to the individual statements.

Statement 1:

(1) There are 24 one-gallon cartons of milk in one case

1 case = 24 one gallon cartons.

SP of 24 one gallon carton = $x

SP of 1 gallon carton = $x/24.

profit = SP - CP = x/24 - y

Not Sufficient.

STATEMENT 2:

(2) x - 24y = 40

Ignoring the statement 1 and seeing statement 2 in isolation. The expression is a mere algebraic representation. Nothing concrete can be derived here. Hence, Not Sufficient.

let’s combine statements 1 and 2:

profit = SP - CP = x/24 - y
=
( x - 24y)/24
= 40/24. By statement 2.

Hence option C.
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