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A CT scan, used to capture images inside the body, differs from an MRI 18 Sep 2020, 14:26
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sebo08
A. bounced radio waves off fat and water molecules in the body and then to a receiver in

should be at least -ing format, makes no sense. eliminate

B. bouncing radio waves off fat and water molecules in the body to a receiver of

A CT scan, ... differs from an MRI, bouncing radio waves off the molecules ...
It reads as if the CT scan differs from MRI while bouncing off waves!! which makes no sense. we know that -ing modifying phrase takes the same tense as the original verb. plus, 'receiver of the machine' is awkward.

C. radio waves being bounced off fat and water molecules in the body to a receiver in

makes no sense when you put together the whole sentence because we expect active voice here, but the passive voice here leads to ambiguity about who bounces the radio waves! eliminate

D. which bounce radio waves off fat and water molecules in the body and then to a receiver within

either the phrase is modifying CT scan or MRI, there is a singular/plural problem. bounces is mandatory. eliminate

E. which bounces radio waves off fat and water molecules in the body to a receiver in

Despite many friends here, I see no problem with this phrase which correctly modifies MRI. I would say this is the correct option.



I would love to know the original explanation though if I am wrong.
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YOU GOT IT RIGHT sebo08! Kudos to you! :) :thumbsup:

This was a tricky question, for sure! The official explanation is in the comments if you'd like to check it out!
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A CT scan, used to capture images inside the body, differs from an MRI 18 Sep 2020, 14:27
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nothing345
A CT scan, used to capture images inside the body, differs from an MRI, bounced radio waves off fat and water molecules in the body and then to a receiver in the machine that creates an image.

Split 1: Meaning and other grammatical issues
Eliminate the filler and you'll see that this is the correct sentence - A CT scan, used to capture images inside the body, differs from an MRI, bounced radio waves off fat and water molecules in the body and then to a receiver in the machine that creates an image. So whatever follows MRI has to be somewhat parallel without botching up the meaning. You're essentially offering up further info about CT scans and MRIs.

A. bounced radio waves off fat and water molecules in the body and then to a receiver in
This isn't parallel with what comes after and then - we need the present tense since presumably the workings of the MRI have not changed.

B. bouncing radio waves off fat and water molecules in the body to a receiver of
The use of an -ing modifier isn't too bad here but the tense becomes odd. The meaning becomes ambiguous though. A receiver of the machine producing an image sounds strange - is this external or internal? Cannot say but I think it would be internal. Also it isn't parallel with the modifier of CT.

C. radio waves being bounced off fat and water molecules in the body to a receiver in
Use of being is incorrect.

Split 2: Clarity and modifiers
D. which bounce radio waves off fat and water molecules in the body and then to a receiver within
MRI is singular so using the plural here is wrong so eliminate.

E. which bounces radio waves off fat and water molecules in the body to a receiver in
This one doesn't have any major errors. Which is preceded by a comma and describes the object before it. Looks corrects - meaning conveyed.

Going against the grain here, let's see how it goes!
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Well it paid off, nothing345 - YOU WERE RIGHT! :) :thumbsup: Kudos to you!
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A CT scan, used to capture images inside the body, differs from an MRI 18 Sep 2020, 14:28
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mona2019
A CT scan, used to capture images inside the body, differs from an MRI, bounced radio waves off fat and water molecules in the body and then to a receiver in the machine that creates an image.

A. bounced radio waves off fat and water molecules in the body and then to a receiver in
Incorrect
Bounced seems to be used as an ed modifier modifying MRI, which does not make any sense.
And then to receiver does not seem to be parallel with anything

B. bouncing radio waves off fat and water molecules in the body to a receiver of
Correct
Bouncing radio waves modifies the preceding clause. Where CT scan is the subject , though it's a bit far

C. radio waves being bounced off fat and water molecules in the body to a receiver in

Incorrect
Usage of being does not seem right here. How is this connected to the earlier clause. It is not making any sense .

D. which bounce radio waves off fat and water molecules in the body and then to a receiver within
Incorrect
Which is referring to MRI, which does not seem right.
Grammar error is the use of plural verb bounce

E. which bounces radio waves off fat and water molecules in the body to a receiver in
Incorrect
Same which issue as in D
Receiver in does not seem right.
I think receiver has to be something that is not inside the same machine. Generally speaking.

I will go with B.

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You were so close, mona2019! Check out the official explanation in the comments to see how to tackle this question!
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A CT scan, used to capture images inside the body, differs from an MRI 18 Sep 2020, 14:36
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EMPOWERgmatVerbal
Official Explanation

A CT scan, used to capture images inside the body, differs from an MRI, bounced radio waves off fat and water molecules in the body and then to a receiver in the machine that creates an image.

A. bounced radio waves off fat and water molecules in the body and then to a receiver in
B. bouncing radio waves off fat and water molecules in the body to a receiver of
C. radio waves being bounced off fat and water molecules in the body to a receiver in
D. which bounce radio waves off fat and water molecules in the body and then to a receiver within
E. which bounces radio waves off fat and water molecules in the body to a receiver in

After a quick glance over the options, we have 2 main areas we can focus on:
1. Their beginnings (Modifiers & Meaning)
2. Their endings (Punctuation & Meaning)

Let’s start off with #1 on our list. We need to determine what the purpose of the underlined phrase is to the whole sentence:

A CT scan, used to capture images inside the body, differs from an MRI, bounced radio waves off fat and water molecules in the body and then to a receiver in the machine that creates an image.

It appears that this sentence is doing two things:
1. Contrasting two machines (CT scan vs. MRI) = in blue
2. After introducing each machine, it explains what they do = in orange

We need to make sure the underlined modifier is clearly explains what an MRI does, and eliminate any that don’t accomplish this:

A. bounced radio waves off fat and water molecules in the body and then to a receiver in
(an MRI isn’t made out of radio waves, so this doesn’t really make sense)

B. bouncing radio waves off fat and water molecules in the body to a receiver of
(this suggests that the MRI does the action itself, which is also not logical)

C. radio waves being bounced off fat and water molecules in the body to a receiver in
(again, an MRI isn’t made of radio waves, it’s a machine that creates and bounces them around)

D. which bounce radio waves off fat and water molecules in the body and then to a receiver within
(much better indication of what an MRI does, which works well with the description of the CT scan earlier)

E. which bounces radio waves off fat and water molecules in the body to a receiver in
(much better indication of what an MRI does, which works well with the description of the CT scan earlier)

We can eliminate options A, B, and C because they create problematic issues with modifiers and the overall intended meaning of the sentence. Now that we have it narrowed down to only 2 options, let’s take a closer look at both to see which is the better choice:

D. which bounce radio waves off fat and water molecules in the body and then to a receiver within
This is INCORRECT for a couple reasons. First, the plural verb “bounce” doesn’t match up with the singular “MRI.” Second, the ending phrase is too wordy – option E says the same thing with far fewer words.

E. which bounces radio waves off fat and water molecules in the body to a receiver in
This is CORRECT! The verb “bounces” matches up perfectly with “MRI,” and the sentence is written using clear and concise language.

There you have it – option E is our winner!

Don’t study for the GMAT. Train for it.
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May you please help on why ,bouncing cannot refer to city scan .

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A CT scan, used to capture images inside the body, differs from an MRI 18 Sep 2020, 18:58
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EMPOWERgmatVerbal ,
Could you please help explain the following :

B. bouncing radio waves off fat and water molecules in the body to a receiver of
(this suggests that the MRI does the action itself, which is also not logical)
Isn't it the MRI machine that does the action . What am I missing here. Please help.
If MRI is meant as a technique here, then how 'which' is better.

D. which bounce radio waves off fat and water molecules in the body and then to a receiver within
(much better indication of what an MRI does, which works well with the description of the CT scan earlier)

Which works with the description of CT scan earlier, could you please explain this a bit. How it works with the CT scan description.

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A CT scan, used to capture images inside the body, differs from an MRI 21 Sep 2020, 15:03
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mona2019
EMPOWERgmatVerbal ,
Could you please help explain the following :

B. bouncing radio waves off fat and water molecules in the body to a receiver of
(this suggests that the MRI does the action itself, which is also not logical)
Isn't it the MRI machine that does the action . What am I missing here. Please help.
If MRI is meant as a technique here, then how 'which' is better.

D. which bounce radio waves off fat and water molecules in the body and then to a receiver within
(much better indication of what an MRI does, which works well with the description of the CT scan earlier)

Which works with the description of CT scan earlier, could you please explain this a bit. How it works with the CT scan description.

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Thanks for the questions mona2019!

B. bouncing radio waves off fat and water molecules in the body to a receiver of
(this suggests that the MRI does the action itself, which is also not logical)
Isn't it the MRI machine that does the action . What am I missing here. Please help.
If MRI is meant as a technique here, then how 'which' is better.

An MRI machine is operated by a person, not on its own. The way this is written, it sounds like the MRI machine doesn't need a person to turn it on/off. Therefore, the meaning of this option is misleading or at least unclear.

D. which bounce radio waves off fat and water molecules in the body and then to a receiver within
(much better indication of what an MRI does, which works well with the description of the CT scan earlier)

Which works with the description of CT scan earlier, could you please explain this a bit. How it works with the CT scan description.

This means that it's written in a similar format to the explanation of what a CT scan does. The wording isn't exactly the same, but the general meaning/function of the phrase is the same, and that's partly what we were looking for.


We hope this helps clear things up!
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A CT scan, used to capture images inside the body, differs from an MRI 21 Sep 2020, 15:05
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Official Explanation

A CT scan, used to capture images inside the body, differs from an MRI, bounced radio waves off fat and water molecules in the body and then to a receiver in the machine that creates an image.

A. bounced radio waves off fat and water molecules in the body and then to a receiver in
B. bouncing radio waves off fat and water molecules in the body to a receiver of
C. radio waves being bounced off fat and water molecules in the body to a receiver in
D. which bounce radio waves off fat and water molecules in the body and then to a receiver within
E. which bounces radio waves off fat and water molecules in the body to a receiver in

After a quick glance over the options, we have 2 main areas we can focus on:
1. Their beginnings (Modifiers & Meaning)
2. Their endings (Punctuation & Meaning)

Let’s start off with #1 on our list. We need to determine what the purpose of the underlined phrase is to the whole sentence:

A CT scan, used to capture images inside the body, differs from an MRI, bounced radio waves off fat and water molecules in the body and then to a receiver in the machine that creates an image.

It appears that this sentence is doing two things:
1. Contrasting two machines (CT scan vs. MRI) = in blue
2. After introducing each machine, it explains what they do = in orange

We need to make sure the underlined modifier is clearly explains what an MRI does, and eliminate any that don’t accomplish this:

A. bounced radio waves off fat and water molecules in the body and then to a receiver in
(an MRI isn’t made out of radio waves, so this doesn’t really make sense)

B. bouncing radio waves off fat and water molecules in the body to a receiver of
(this suggests that the MRI does the action itself, which is also not logical)

C. radio waves being bounced off fat and water molecules in the body to a receiver in
(again, an MRI isn’t made of radio waves, it’s a machine that creates and bounces them around)

D. which bounce radio waves off fat and water molecules in the body and then to a receiver within
(much better indication of what an MRI does, which works well with the description of the CT scan earlier)

E. which bounces radio waves off fat and water molecules in the body to a receiver in
(much better indication of what an MRI does, which works well with the description of the CT scan earlier)

We can eliminate options A, B, and C because they create problematic issues with modifiers and the overall intended meaning of the sentence. Now that we have it narrowed down to only 2 options, let’s take a closer look at both to see which is the better choice:

D. which bounce radio waves off fat and water molecules in the body and then to a receiver within
This is INCORRECT for a couple reasons. First, the plural verb “bounce” doesn’t match up with the singular “MRI.” Second, the ending phrase is too wordy – option E says the same thing with far fewer words.

E. which bounces radio waves off fat and water molecules in the body to a receiver in
This is CORRECT! The verb “bounces” matches up perfectly with “MRI,” and the sentence is written using clear and concise language.

There you have it – option E is our winner!

Don’t study for the GMAT. Train for it.

May you please help on why ,bouncing cannot refer to city scan .

Posted from my mobile device
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Thanks for the question DasAshish1!

The modifier phrase needs to match up with the closest noun here, which in this case is MRI. It cannot refer back to CT scan because it's not close enough to it. There is another modifier that's paired up with the CT scan section, so we can safely assume that the second modifier at the end refers to MRI (the closest noun).

We hope that helps!
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A CT scan, used to capture images inside the body, differs from an MRI 21 Mar 2023, 12:29
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