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sleepynut
Hi all,
I'm left with (C) and (E).Why we need "in which"?

You will realize it better if you understand how we derive "in which" construction.

The children play in the park.
Government ordered the renovation of the park.
We can combine both, by altering the construction of the initial sentence.

Government ordered the renovation of the park in which the children play.

So, now you realize how E works :

A mix of water and chemicals are blasted under-ground to create fissures in gas-bearing rocks in a drilling technique known as "hydraulic fracturing"
A drilling technique known as "hydraulic fracturing" has made XXXX.

So, this sentence works in the same way as above.

Where as, when we use "which", it acts as a subject, here as a performer of the action. The techniques itself does not blast .... but the blast take place as a part of "the" technique.

Cheers !! :-D
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sleepynut
Hi all,
I'm left with (C) and (E).Why we need "in which"?

C changes the meaning of the original sentence.
According to C the technique ----->blasts a mix of water and chemicals(action is done )
Actual sentence describes the process IN the technique
Hope its clear
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A drilling technique known as "hydraulic fracturing",in which a mix of water and chemicals are blasted under-ground to create fissures in gas-bearing rocks, has made extraction of gas from shale, coal, and other less permeable geological formations much easier and cheaper.

A)in which a mix of water and chemicals are blasted under-ground to create fissures in gas-bearing rocks, has made (a mix is singular so usage of 'are' is wrong)
B)in which a mix of water and chemicals is blasted under-ground to create fissures in gas-bearing rocks, making (Grilling technique is making extraction of gas totally awkward)
C)which blasts a mix of water and chemicals under-ground to create fissures in gas-bearing rocks, has made (hydraulic blasts a mix of water and chemicals)[color=#000000]
D) which is a mix of water and chemicals blasted under-ground to create fissures in gas-bearing rocks, [color=#ff0000]have
made (A drilling technique is singular)
E)in which a mix of water and chemicals is blasted under-ground to create fissures in gas-bearing rocks, has made (Correct)

Kudos please if you like my explanation!
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A drilling technique known as X - singular - eliminate D

B lacks main verb -run-on sentence

The non-restrictive clause describes what happens in the technique so C is eliminated.

a mix of X and Y - "is" over "are"

E
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A drilling technique known as X - singular - eliminate D

B lacks main verb -run-on sentence

The non-restrictive clause describes what happens in the technique so C is eliminated.

a mix of X and Y - "is" over "are"

E


hello,
thanks for the clarification , but could you please help me understand , what does it mean - The non-restrictive clause describes what happens in the technique so C is eliminated. in your explanation .

kindly explain
many thanks
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warriorguy
A drilling technique known as X - singular - eliminate D

B lacks main verb -run-on sentence

The non-restrictive clause describes what happens in the technique so C is eliminated.

a mix of X and Y - "is" over "are"

E


hello,
thanks for the clarification , but could you please help me understand , what does it mean - The non-restrictive clause describes what happens in the technique so C is eliminated. in your explanation .

kindly explain
many thanks

Technique itself is not blasting anything.
"hydraulic fracturing" ----->which
But "in which" ------> in the technique "hydraulic fracturing"
Hope its clear

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