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Bunuel
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A firm has 4 senior partners and 6 junior partners. How many different groups of 3 partners can be formed in which at least one member of the group is a senior partner. (2 groups are considered different if at least one group member is different)

A. 48
B. 100
C. 120
D. 288
E. 600

Total # of different groups of 3 out of 10 people: \(C^3_{10}=120\);
# of groups with only junior partners (so with zero senior memeber): \(C^3_6=20\);

So the # of groups with at least one senior partner is {all} - {none} = {at least one} = 120 - 20 = 100.

Answer: B.



Shouldn't we go for permutations rather than combination here ?
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Hi dasoisheretorule,

Many questions that can be approached as a Permutation or Combination can ALSO be approached in the other way (it's just a matter of properly organizing your calculations). This prompt specifically refers to the number of "different GROUPS" (meaning that the 'order' of the members does NOT matter) - and that's a common clue that we're dealing with a Combination Formula question.

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How can we use the FCP process to calculate this?

IMO, it can be something like this:
Total possible group - group with no senior partner
10*9*8 - 6*5*4 = 600, which is wrong.

But I don't understand why. Can someone please explain?
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soumyadeeppaul1
How can we use the FCP process to calculate this?

IMO, it can be something like this:
Total possible group - group with no senior partner
10*9*8 - 6*5*4 = 600, which is wrong.

But I don't understand why. Can someone please explain?

Hi soumyadeeppaul1,

In a Permutation, the order 'matters.' For example, if you had 10 people in a race, and you wanted to know the total number of possible winners for 1st/2nd/3rd place, then there would be (10)(9)(8) = 720 possible outcomes (assuming that there were no 'ties' during the race).

You're trying to use that same logic here, but the prompt asks us for 'groups' (NOT 'arrangements'), so you're ending up with too many 'duplicate entries' - and those duplicates are impacting your calculations.

Here's a simple example: if there were 3 people, then how many 'groups of 3' are there vs. how many different ways can you arrange the 3 people:

Let's refer to the people as A, B and C.
-Since there are only 3 people, there is only 1 possible 'group of 3' (A, B and C in whatever order you choose).
-With 3 people, there are (3)(2)(1) = 6 different arrangements (ABC, ACB, BAC, BCA, CAB and CBA).

There's a reason why your calculation is 6 TIMES larger than the correct answer: in both (10)(9)(8) and (6)(5)(4), each group is counted 6 TIMES (which each group should only be counted ONCE).

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Okay, I think I get it.
So the first outcome (group of 3 people) is calculated by 3C3 = 3!/3!0! = 1
right?
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Hi soumyadeeppaul1,

Yes - that's exactly how that particular calculation would turn out.

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4 senior partners and 6 junior partners.

3 partners group with at least 1 senior partner: \(^4{C_1} * ^6{C_2} + ^4{C_2} * ^6{C_1} + ^4{C_3}\)

=> (4 * 15) + (6 * 6) + (4) = 60 + 36 + 4 = 100

Answer B
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Bunuel
gdk800
A firm has 4 senior partners and 6 junior partners. How many different groups of 3 partners can be formed in which at least one member of the group is a senior partner. (2 groups are considered different if at least one group member is different)

A. 48
B. 100
C. 120
D. 288
E. 600

Total # of different groups of 3 out of 10 people: \(C^3_{10}=120\);
# of groups with only junior partners (so with zero senior memeber): \(C^3_6=20\);

So the # of groups with at least one senior partner is {all} - {none} = {at least one} = 120 - 20 = 100.

Answer: B.


I love how you negated the at least 1 senior partner by using all junior partners.... Truly brilliant
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