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11 Jul 2021, 18:55
Kudos
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According to United States Air Force officials, a cannon shooting dead chickens at airplanes has proved helpful to demonstrate what kind of damage can result when jets fly into a flock of large birds.
(A) a cannon shooting dead chickens at airplanes has proved helpful to demonstrate
(E) a cannon that shoots dead chickens at airplanes has proved helpful in demonstrating
Can we reject A on the basis of 2 parameters:
1.) A describes about a partiualr object with an on-going action: ( something is on-going with that object)
Planes flying in the sky looks small. ---> about a plane that is flying now
E describes about a particular object in general
Planes that fly high in the sky looks small --> in general aboyt a plane that fly high
2.) to in A indicates : this action ( cannon shooting ) has proved TO <purpose>
E indicates soemthing additional information:
proved helpful in xyz
In summary,
A has 2 errors: object with +ing action ii. TO purpose
E corrects: object ii. additional information ( how is it helpful)
Is my understanding correct in rejecting A?
Please suggest.
If any more reason to reject A?
AjiteshArun AndrewN generis IanStewart
(A) a cannon shooting dead chickens at airplanes has proved helpful to demonstrate
(E) a cannon that shoots dead chickens at airplanes has proved helpful in demonstrating
Can we reject A on the basis of 2 parameters:
1.) A describes about a partiualr object with an on-going action: ( something is on-going with that object)
Planes flying in the sky looks small. ---> about a plane that is flying now
E describes about a particular object in general
Planes that fly high in the sky looks small --> in general aboyt a plane that fly high
2.) to in A indicates : this action ( cannon shooting ) has proved TO <purpose>
E indicates soemthing additional information:
proved helpful in xyz
In summary,
A has 2 errors: object with +ing action ii. TO purpose
E corrects: object ii. additional information ( how is it helpful)
Is my understanding correct in rejecting A?
Please suggest.
If any more reason to reject A?
AjiteshArun AndrewN generis IanStewart
11 Jul 2021, 23:29
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gambit07
Hi gambit07,
The two statements are slightly different. To see why, it may be better to look at a non-reduced form. Here's another example:
1. People who are wearing shorts are not allowed to get up during the call.
When we see a be-form (in this case, are) followed by the present participle in a relative clause, we should be able to drop the relative pronoun (who) and the helping verb (the are in are wearing) to get "people wearing shorts are not allowed to get up during the call". I am not aware of any exceptions to this.
2. People who wear shorts are not allowed to get up during the call.
There's no be-form in this relative clause. In such cases, we'll have to be much more careful. We may occasionally be able to drop the relative pronoun and switch from a present tense verb to a present participle, but this is not a given. That is, it can be done only with some verbs. I'm not aware of any simple rule for this, so we may have to do this by sound. Would you consider "people wearing shorts are not allowed to get up during the call" an acceptable replacement for "people who wear shorts are not allowed to get up during the call"?
So in option A, it comes down to how we look at shooting. At a minimum, that modifier results in ambiguity. More likely, the meaning it leads to is incorrect.
11 Jul 2021, 23:30
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mSKR
Hi mSKR,
I agree with your points, but I would stick with the "it's not idiomatic" call for the to, without getting into whether it indicates purpose.
