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705-805 (Hard)|   Tables|                  
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parkhydel
During a recent semester at University X, 25 students enrolled in an economics class. Each student was enrolled in the university’s 4-year business program and took the course either as a traditional student (attending class and sitting for exams in person) or as an online student (listening to lectures and taking exams via computer), but not both. For each student, the table indicates whether he or she took the course online, along with his or her year in the program and scores on Exam 1, Exam 2, and the final exam. The final score was computed as a weighted mean of the scores on Exam 1, Exam 2, and the final exam, using the same weights for each student.
Student surnameOnline
student?
(Y/N)
Year
in
program
Exam 1
score
Exam 2
score
Final
exam
score
Final
score
AbusubaY289878586.5
ArdaninN185838484
Bar-YaacovY165706867.75
BensonY177807576.75
DedeogluN290969594
DerezinskiY385848183.25
GarciaY290878687.25
HernandezN272747574
JeyaretnamY277767877.25
LindtY387818182.75
MladekN464757672.75
NguyenN370747272
OrlandoN281848081.5
PaiN275787274.25
ParasarathyN288919592.25
RadzinskyY3919510096.5
RussellN451697266
SweetsN266767472.5
SykesN351697366.5
TachauN291939292
TsosieN284878585.25
UnderhillN177757173.5
VladimirovY369757473
WashburnN285838283
ZervosN295979897

For each of the following statements, select Yes if the statement is true based on the information provided; otherwise, select No.

ID: 100395
­
I may have the quick way of checking for the first sub-question.

Know that if two terms remain constant, and the third term changes, then the mean’s change would be that term’s change times its weight.

Ex: With 50, 51, 52, the average is 51. Assume that for the 52 term, its weight is 40%. If 52 increases to 53, then average changes to 51 + (53-52) * 40% = 51.4

Now, with this in mind, a clever trick that we can use here is to sort by the Exam 1 score!
Then, look for cases where either only the second term (Exam 2 score) changes or the third term (Final exam score) changes.

Look at Russell and Skyes:

Russel: 51, 69, 72 -> Final: 66
Sykes: 51, 69, 73 -> Final: 66.5

So, when the Final Exam Score moves up by 1, the Final Score moves up by 0.5
Therefore, the Final Exam Score's weight is: 0.5/1 = 0.5

We also know that all 3 scores both contribute to the Final Score in some way. Therefore, each of their percentages is non-zero.
Given this, if the Final Exam Score's weight is 0.5, then the Exam 2 Score's weight has to definitely be lower than 0.5

=> The Final Exam Score's weight and the Exam 2 Score's weight are definitely not equal!

This all looks like a lot, but if you understand the nature of weighted averages, then this line of thinking becomes easier to conjure up.
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Great solution...Just adding a bit

Step 1 — Scan only two columns
Ignore everything else.
Look at
Exam-2 vs Final
Find:
  • one student where Exam-2 ≫ Final
  • one student where Final ≫ Exam-2
These give maximum diagnostic power.


From the table
Look at biggest gaps:
StudentE2FinalGap
Radzinsky95100+5
Parasarathy9195+4
Dedeoglu9695−1
Abusuba8785−2
Ardanin8384+1
Russell6972+3
So your best diagnostic picks are:
  • Radzinsky (Final much higher)
  • Abusuba / Russell (Exam-2 higher)
GMAT wants you to pick rows where those two columns disagree most.


Why below pair worked

You used:
  • Abusuba (E2 > Final)
  • Ardanin (Final > E2)
They pull in opposite directions, so inconsistent weighting shows up immediately.
If you had picked two “balanced” rows, you might miss it.
KarishmaB




The score on the final exam had equal weight with the score on Exam 2 in computing the final score

If this were true:
Abusuda: 89, 87, 85 WAvg = 86.5
Avg of Exam 2 and Final exam would be 86.
Avg of 86 and 89 is 86.5 which means weights given are 5:1

Ardanin: 85, 83, 84 WAvg = 84
Avg of Exam 2 and Final exam would be 83.5.
Avg of 83.5 and 85 is 84 which means weights given are 2:1

Since the weights are not consistent, this is not true.

Select No

You should observe here that Exams 1 and 2 are likely to have equal weights and Final Exam is likely to have more weight. A quick check of a few values shows that this is true. The weights of the 3 are in the ratio 1:1:2. I did not do the calculations shown above to solve the question. I focused on observing the first few values because that made sense. GMAT normally wouldn't use un-intuitive logic.


The median final score for all 25 students was 81.50.

Sort the table using final score and count to the 13th value.

Select Yes


For Exam 1 scores for students in year 3 of the program, the range was 40.


Sort the table using the Year column. Lowest value is 51 and highest is 91. Range = 40

Select Yes
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Here is a detailed video solution to this problem:

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*** One quick method which can be handy incase heavy algebra or weighted avg concepts dont click under time pressure

Part 1 of the question "The score on the final exam had equal weight with the score on Exam 2 in computing the final score."

Now I picked two data sets which have easy integers to deal with

Ardanin 85 83 84 84
Hernandez 72 74 75 74

Take weights as x and y

Now if E2 and final had the same weights then for Ardanin 85x + 167y = 84x + 168y which is x = y

But for Hernandez 72x + 149y = 74x + 148y which is y = 2x

Since we are getting two different cases it means that exam 2 and final exam cannot have the same weights!
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By comparing Sykes and Russell, we can notice that their scores on Exam 1 (51) and Exam 2 (69) are exactly the same. The only differences are in their Final Exam scores and their Final Scores:

Sykes: Final Exam = 73, Final Score = 66.5
Russell: Final Exam = 72, Final Score = 66.0

When you subtract Russell's scores from Sykes's scores, Exam 1 and Exam 2 completely cancel out:

ΔFinal Exam=73−72=1
ΔFinal Score=66.5−66.0=0.5

This proves that a 1-point change in the Final Exam results in a 0.5-point change in the Final Score, meaning the Final Exam weight (w3) is exactly 0.5 (or 50%).

Since all three weights must add up to 1.0 (100%), the remaining 0.5 has to be split between Exam 1 and Exam 2. Even if one of them took the entire remaining weight, neither Exam 1 nor Exam 2 could ever be equal to 0.5 while leaving room for the other.
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I preferred the same approach-

Elaborated-

Ardanin 85 83 84 84
Hernandez 72 74 75 74

Take weights as x and y

85x+83y+84y/(x+2y) = 84

85x + 167y = 84x + 168y which is x = y

But for Hernandez 72x + 149y = 74x + 148y which is y = 2x

Since we are getting two different cases it means that exam 2 and final exam cannot have the same weights!

Another approach-

If average of F2 and final exam (assumed same weightage) and F1 exam score is same then. Final exam score is equal to F1

[color=#000000]Jeyaretnam[/color][color=#000000]77[/color][color=#000000]76[/color][color=#000000]78[/color][color=#000000]77.25[/color]

Avg of 76 and 78 is 77 (when weights are same)
F1 is also 77 so average of 77 and 77 is 77 but final score is 77.25- it means that exam 2 and final exam cannot have the same weights!
Vivek1707
*** One quick method which can be handy incase heavy algebra or weighted avg concepts dont click under time pressure

Part 1 of the question "The score on the final exam had equal weight with the score on Exam 2 in computing the final score."

Now I picked two data sets which have easy integers to deal with

Ardanin 85 83 84 84
Hernandez 72 74 75 74

Take weights as x and y

Now if E2 and final had the same weights then for Ardanin 85x + 167y = 84x + 168y which is x = y

But for Hernandez 72x + 149y = 74x + 148y which is y = 2x

Since we are getting two different cases it means that exam 2 and final exam cannot have the same weights!
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