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30 Aug 2022, 04:37
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asrikanth27
Hello asrikanth27,
We hope this finds you well.
To answer your query, in the phrase "the heat wave in the Northeastern and Midwestern United States" the main noun is "heat wave", and "in the Northeastern and Midwestern United States" is a prepositional modifier that acts upon the main noun; if a "which" phrase modifies a noun modified by a prepositional phrase, the "which" phrase acts upon the main noun even if it is closer to one of the nouns in the prepositional phrase.
We hope this helps.
All the best!
Experts' Global team
29 Oct 2022, 08:46
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Hello my GMATCLUB Gurus,
I have a few questions:
1.) I realize that you should not rewrite GMAT answers to try to make them correct, but I believe doing so will help my understanding in this case. With this said, for Choice D, if it read "such as the RAINS that led to HEAVY FLOODING throughout the state of California causing more than $2 billion in damages," would this be logical given the order switch? Or, do you still need a ", causing" because the state of California itself cannot be causing the $2 billion in damages?
2.) Is the rewritten portion above IS okay, is Choice E still preferable because the overall sentence would be:
Statement, example 1, modifier of the example, and example 2, modifier of example 2.
Whereas Choice D would be: Statement, example 1/modifier without a comma, and example 2, modifier of example 2. In other words, do the modifiers being offset by commas in Choice E work to build parallelism?
3.) For the non-underlined portion of the sentence, "and the heat wave in the northeastern and midwestern United States, which was also" why is this usage of ",which" correct? The ",which" seems to be modifying the United States, since its position is very far away from "the heatwave"
Thank you SO much for bearing through this...
Lots of love,
Woohoo
I have a few questions:
1.) I realize that you should not rewrite GMAT answers to try to make them correct, but I believe doing so will help my understanding in this case. With this said, for Choice D, if it read "such as the RAINS that led to HEAVY FLOODING throughout the state of California causing more than $2 billion in damages," would this be logical given the order switch? Or, do you still need a ", causing" because the state of California itself cannot be causing the $2 billion in damages?
2.) Is the rewritten portion above IS okay, is Choice E still preferable because the overall sentence would be:
Statement, example 1, modifier of the example, and example 2, modifier of example 2.
Whereas Choice D would be: Statement, example 1/modifier without a comma, and example 2, modifier of example 2. In other words, do the modifiers being offset by commas in Choice E work to build parallelism?
3.) For the non-underlined portion of the sentence, "and the heat wave in the northeastern and midwestern United States, which was also" why is this usage of ",which" correct? The ",which" seems to be modifying the United States, since its position is very far away from "the heatwave"
Thank you SO much for bearing through this...
Lots of love,
Woohoo
29 Oct 2022, 09:02
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woohoo921
1). The switch would certainly be better. The 'causing' modifier still seems a bit odd.
"Heavy rains that led to flooding causing damages" would be better as "Heavy rains that led to flooding that caused damages." Or, as in E, "Heavy rains that led to flooding, causing damages." Here the comma-ing structure means the 'causing' is modifying the action 'heavy rains that led to flooding.'
2). I think the answer to this question is 'It's nice but not necessary.' If two nouns are joined by a conjunction in parallel, and one is modified, it certainly is NICE for the second to have a similar type of modifier, but I don't believe it is strictly necessary.
3). Well, mostly my thought is "it's not underlined so don't worry about it." If a 'which' modifier *were* being tested, they would be very careful about how it was used.
But, in general, 'which' modifies the noun before--but language is imperfect. Since there's a long modifier for where the heat wave was, it feels like a lot of words, but it's still all one noun phrase. Really, there are only two options for the 'which' to modify--the 'U.S.' and the 'heat wave.' Since "in the Northeastern and Midwestern" is a long modifier, you can kind of condense its space as if it were one, single-word modifer:
"and the heat wave in the [modifier] United States, which was also the cause..."
I can't say, "And the heat wave, which was also the cause..., in the United States."
