Events & Promotions
|
|
GMAT Club Daily Prep
Thank you for using the timer - this advanced tool can estimate your performance and suggest more practice questions. We have subscribed you to Daily Prep Questions via email.
Customized
for You
Track
Your Progress
Practice
Pays
Not interested in getting valuable practice questions and articles delivered to your email? No problem, unsubscribe here.
Nov 1811:00 AM PST
-12:00 PM PST
Join us in a live GMAT practice session and solve 30 challenging GMAT questions with other test takers in timed conditions, covering GMAT Quant, Data Sufficiency, Data Insights, Reading Comprehension, and Critical Reasoning questions.
Nov 2211:00 AM IST
-01:00 PM IST
Do RC/MSR passages scare you? e-GMAT is conducting a masterclass to help you learn – Learn effective reading strategies Tackle difficult RC & MSR with confidence Excel in timed test environment- Nov 23
11:00 AM IST
-01:00 PM IST
Attend this free GMAT Algebra Webinar and learn how to master the most challenging Inequalities and Absolute Value problems with ease. 
Nov 2510:00 AM EST
-11:00 AM EST
Prefer video-based learning? The Target Test Prep OnDemand course is a one-of-a-kind video masterclass featuring 400 hours of lecture-style teaching by Scott Woodbury-Stewart, founder of Target Test Prep and one of the most accomplished GMAT instructors.
01 Jan 2022, 02:00
Kudos
Bookmarks
E
Be sure to select an answer first to save it in the Error Log before revealing the correct answer (OA)!
Difficulty:
55%
(hard)
Question Stats:
64% (02:11) correct
36%
(02:13)
wrong
based on 343
sessions
History
Date
Time
Result
Not Attempted Yet
A medical technology company recently developed an altered design for the prosthetic hip that it produces. The intention behind the development of the new design was to reduce the number of patients whose bodies rejected the prosthetic. The medical trial of the new prosthetic hip showed a ten percent reduction in the number of patients whose bodies rejected the prosthetic. The project managers concluded that the new design did reduce the instance of prosthetic rejection.
Which of the following, if true, casts most doubt on the project managers' conclusion?
A. Further examination of the medical trial showed that the reduction in the number of patients whose bodies rejected the prosthetic could be wholly attributed to a reduction in the number of patients who reported symptoms consistent with the rejection.
B. The initial goal of the redesign project was to reduce the number of patients whose bodies rejected the prosthetic by at least thirty percent.
C. Although some experts have been arguing that the materials used in the company’s prosthetic hips are outdated and must be replaced, the new design does not make any changes in the materials used to build the prosthetics.
D. Since the new prosthetic hip design differs from the original only in the way its components are organized, the cost of the materials used in the prosthetic remains unchanged between designs.
E. During the trials, two thirds of the patients on whose bodies the newly designed prosthetics were implemented were younger than forty years, the age at which the human body’s acceptance of foreign objects begins declining.
Which of the following, if true, casts most doubt on the project managers' conclusion?
A. Further examination of the medical trial showed that the reduction in the number of patients whose bodies rejected the prosthetic could be wholly attributed to a reduction in the number of patients who reported symptoms consistent with the rejection.
B. The initial goal of the redesign project was to reduce the number of patients whose bodies rejected the prosthetic by at least thirty percent.
C. Although some experts have been arguing that the materials used in the company’s prosthetic hips are outdated and must be replaced, the new design does not make any changes in the materials used to build the prosthetics.
D. Since the new prosthetic hip design differs from the original only in the way its components are organized, the cost of the materials used in the prosthetic remains unchanged between designs.
E. During the trials, two thirds of the patients on whose bodies the newly designed prosthetics were implemented were younger than forty years, the age at which the human body’s acceptance of foreign objects begins declining.
|
Happy New Year Alaska!
Dec 31 Event: GMAT Club Around The World!
(38 new questions posted everyhour time zone on Dec 31!)
Dec 31 Event: GMAT Club Around The World!
(38 new questions posted every
03 Jan 2022, 07:00
Kudos
Bookmarks
Bunuel
Experts' Global Official Explanation
Mind-map: Medical company alters design of prosthetic hip --> goal was to reduce number of patients whose bodies rejected prosthetic --> trial showed ten percent reduction --> new design reduced the instance of prosthetic rejection (conclusion)
Missing-link: Between the trial showing ten percent reduction and the conclusion that the new design reduced the instance of prosthetic rejection
Expectation from the correct answer choice: To weaken the conclusion that the new design reduced the instance of prosthetic rejection
A. Trap. This answer choice, suggesting that the reduction in the instance of prosthetic rejection was because of a reduction in reporting symptoms of rejection, does not rule out the possibility that the reduction in reporting symptoms of rejection could be because of the new design; so, this answer choice simply adds information, which, although relevant to the broad context of the argument, does not weaken the conclusion. Because this answer choice does not weaken the conclusion, this answer choice is incorrect.
B. This answer choice, suggesting that the initial goal was to achieve thirty percent rejection, indicates that the project’s ten percent reduction fell short of its target; however, failure to meet the target does not dispute the view that the new design reduced the instance of prosthetic rejection; so, this answer choice is just additional detail, which, although relevant to the broad context of the argument, does not weaken the conclusion. Because this answer choice does not weaken the conclusion, this answer choice is incorrect.
C. This answer choice, suggesting that the new design has no changes in the material used, indicates the possibility that the design, rather than the material, caused the reduction, thus, if anything, strengthening, rather than weakening, the conclusion. Because this answer choice does not weaken the conclusion, this answer choice is incorrect.
D. This answer choice, suggesting that the new design differs from the old design in the organization of components but not in cost, indicates the possibility that the design, owing to the new organization of components, caused the reduction, thus strengthening, rather than weakening, the conclusion. Because this answer choice does not weaken the conclusion, this answer choice is incorrect.
E. Correct. By suggesting that two thirds of patients in the trial were young enough to naturally accept prosthetics, this answer choice indicates the possibility that the reduction in prosthetic rejection may have been because of the patients’ bodies naturally accepting prosthetics and not necessarily because of the improved design of the prosthetics; such a possibility casts doubt on the cause-effect relationship between the new design and the reduction and indicates the presence of another cause for the reduction, thus weakening the conclusion. Because this answer choice weakens the claim, this answer choice is correct.
E is the best choice.
General Discussion
01 Jan 2022, 02:29
Kudos
Bookmarks
Bunuel
A. Further examination of the medical trial showed that the reduction in the number of patients whose bodies rejected the prosthetic could be wholly attributed to a reduction in the number of patients who reported symptoms consistent with the rejection.
If this is true then the decline in number of rejections to the prosthetic can be attributed to the new design. We are looking for an option that why it's not the new design the reason behind the decline.
B. The initial goal of the redesign project was to reduce the number of patients whose bodies rejected the prosthetic by at least thirty percent.
Even though the project was not able to achieve its target goal it tells me that it is the reason for the 10% decrease in the number of patients bodies rejecting the prosthetic.
C. Although some experts have been arguing that the materials used in the company’s prosthetic hips are outdated and must be replaced, the new design does not make any changes in the materials used to build the prosthetics.
Relation between materials used and bodies reason for rejecting the same has not been made. We cannot infer anything from here.
D. Since the new prosthetic hip design differs from the original only in the way its components are organized, the cost of the materials used in the prosthetic remains unchanged between designs.
What if it was because of the way prosthetic's components was designed that led to the higher rate of decline by patients body then the new design will certainly solve that problem and if it was not the reason then there was some other reason which we were looking for. Not sufficient.
E. During the trials, two thirds of the patients on whose bodies the newly designed prosthetics were implemented were younger than forty years, the age at which the human body’s acceptance of foreign objects begins declining.
Bingo. So if this is the case then that means the decline in rejection rate can be attributed to the portion of population on which it was tested rather than new technology being the reason for the decline. Exactly what we were looking for.
