Bunuel
According to Winston Churchill, the key to overcoming an adverse situation is
decisive action, always decisive action: not thinking about it, not assessing it, but simply taking it.
(A) decisive action, always decisive action: not thinking about it, not assessing it, but simply taking it
(B) always decisive action; because you don’t think about it or assess it, you just take it
(C) always decisive action: not thinking about it or assessing it, but simply to take it
(D) not to think or assess, but taking decisive action
(E) neither to think about decisive action nor to assess it, it is always simply taking it
Expert's Global Official ExplanationParallelism + MeaningThe intended meaning of the crucial part of this sentence is that the key to overcoming an adverse situation is to take decisive action rather than think about it or assess it.
• All elements in a list must be parallel.
• Semicolons and the “comma + conjunction” construction are used to link two independent clauses; commas are used to link an independent clause with a dependent one; comma cannot be used to join two independent clauses.
• A pronoun can only be used to refer to one noun in a sentence.
A. Correct. This answer choice correctly uses “not thinking about it, not assessing it, but simply taking it” to modify the noun “decisive action”, conveying the intended meaning of the sentence- that the key to overcoming an adverse situation is to take decisive action rather than thinking about it or assessing it. Further, Option A maintains parallelism among “thinking”, “assessing”, and “taking”. Additionally, Option A correctly uses “it” exclusively to refer to “decisive action”.
B. Trap. This answer choice alters the meaning of the sentence through the phrase “because you don’t think about it or assess it, you just take it”; this phrase breaks the list of three actions into the modifier phrase “because you don’t think about it or asses it” and the independent clause “you just take it”, incorrectly implying that the key to overcoming adverse situations is decisive action because it is something you simply take rather than think about it or assess it; the intended meaning of the sentence is that the key to overcoming an adverse situation is to take decisive action rather than think about it or assess it. Further, Option B incorrectly uses the “semicolon + conjunction (because)” construction to join the independent clauses “the key to overcoming an adverse situation is always decisive action” and “you don’t think about it or assess it, you just take it”; please remember, semicolons and the “comma + conjunction” construction are used to link two independent clauses.
C. Trap. This answer choice fails to maintain parallelism among “thinking about it”, “assessing it” and “simply to take it”; please remember, all elements in a list must be parallel.
D. Trap. This answer choice fails to maintain parallelism among “to think”, and “assess”, and “taking decisive action”; please remember, all elements in a list must be parallel.
E. This answer choice incorrectly uses a comma to join the independent clauses “the key to overcoming an adverse situation is neither to think about decisive action nor to assess it” and “it is always simply taking it”; remember, a comma cannot join two independent clauses; such usage leads to the error of comma splice; to correct this error, the comma must be replaced with semicolon or comma followed by a conjunction such as and, but, etc. Additionally, Option E suffers from a pronoun error, as it uses “it” to refer to both “the key” and “decisive action”; please remember, a pronoun can only be used to refer to one noun in a sentence.
A is the best answer choice.