All right, since no one else seems to be biting, I will take a crack at breaking this one down.
sritamasia
In preventing harbor porpoises from getting tangled in their nets and suffocating, a fishing company had installed acoustic alarms on all its boats that fish in waters off Massachusetts.
A.
In preventing harbor porpoises from getting tangled in
their nets and suffocating, a fishing company
had installed acoustic alarms
Although such usage is a bit casual,
in + verb-ing can be used in an explanatory (
by) capacity, as in,
In choosing one city over the other, she saved approximately $450 a month. In this sentence, though, the construct breaks down, and the causality is skewed. The sentence would make more sense if it conveyed that
a fishing company, by installing acoustic alarms..., prevented harbor porpoises form getting tangled in [its] nets. But in the original sentence, the past perfect
had installed indicates an earlier action than that which occurs in the opening phrase. The past perfect tense itself is unwarranted when the simple past would do. Finally,
their is the wrong pronoun to refer to the singular
fishing company. For all of these reasons, we can see off (A).
Quote:
B. Harbor porpoises were prevented from getting tangled in
their nets and suffocating
in a fishing company's attempt to install acoustic alarms The meaning is hard to tease out in this one. To be honest, I would eliminate it for preserving
their and just move on. But in the interest of fleshing out some talking points, notice that this option makes it sound as though the porpoises were saved by an
attempt to install acoustic alarms. There is no indication that the alarms were actually installed and put to use.
Quote:
C.
To prevent harbor porpoises from getting tangled in
its nets and suffocating, a fishing company
installed acoustic alarms All the issues I brought up about previous answer choices have been addressed here.
To prevent is the shortened form of
in order to prevent,
its has replaced
their, and the simple past
installed makes it clear what the fishing company has actually done. This is a sensible answer.
Quote:
D.
In preventing harbor porpoises from getting tangled in its nets and suffocating, a fishing company installed acoustic alarms
Again, if you replace
in with
by, you can appreciate that the arrow of causality is problematic—by preventing an outcome, a fishing company installed something? That does not make sense.
Quote:
E.
While preventing harbor porpoises from getting tangled in
their nets and suffocating, a fishing company has installed acoustic alarms
Which
while is at work here, the one that indicates a simultaneous action, or the one that signals a contrast (akin to
although)? I suppose the former interpretation could be made to work, but there would be little to hold the two halves of the sentence together. In any case,
their makes another unqualified appearance, so we can toss this one back to the sea and feel better about selecting (C).
I hope my analysis may prove useful to the community. As always, good luck with your studies.
- Andrew