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India, like Italy and China, has no single dominant cuisine: Indian fo 24 May 2019, 01:10
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Lithium

a) Since we agree that B doesn't really work meaning-wise, it's a tricky exercise to discuss what one word means. However, it seems most sensible for "its" to refer to "each," since both meaning and proximity indicate that as the intention. Each different style is a product of its regional influences.

b) In D, "each" introduces a noun modifier applying to "styles" (of cooking). As for "with," that's just what I was saying previously. In this case it creates an adverbial modifier, and there's no sensible way for that to apply.
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India, like Italy and China, has no single dominant cuisine: Indian fo 30 Jul 2019, 20:40
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"With" isn't really necessary in A and B. Since we are talking about nouns (cooking styles), it doesn't really make sense to try to modify the verb or clause. However, both A and B are wrong for other reasons. In A, "their" (plural) does not agree with "each" (singular). In B, it's not clear what the "as" means. There's no comparison or role to indicate. Each style is a product of its regional influences.
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thank you expert. I want to make clear

whereas "noun+noun modifier" can work as adverb or adjective to modify preceding clause or preceding noun, "with+noun+noun modifier" can work as only adverb modifying the preceding clause. this is the reason why "with phrase " in choice a and be must work as an adverb gramatically

but logically, if the phrase work as an adverb, "each" become unclear because we do not know to which noun it refers.

if , as in choice d, "each.." work as an adjective , it can refer to a preceding noun "styles" and the sentence is good.
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India, like Italy and China, has no single dominant cuisine: Indian fo 30 Jul 2019, 23:19
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Interesting idea, but "styles" is the only word that "each" can reasonably refer to, so I'm not sure that helps us in this case.
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India, like Italy and China, has no single dominant cuisine: Indian fo 07 Sep 2020, 19:43
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generis Abhi077 - Dear Both, Can you please explain all the options in detail? Specifically why option B is wrong?
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India, like Italy and China, has no single dominant cuisine: Indian fo 13 Oct 2020, 23:14
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India, like Italy and China, has no single dominant cuisine: Indian food comprises many different styles of cooking, with each a product of their regional influences, from the fiery vegetarian dishes of the south to the Portuguese-influenced Goan cooking of the west, to the more familiar Mogul food of the north.

Meaning Analysis: Like Italy and China, India does not have one single dominant cuisine. How? The Indian food comprises of many different styles of cooking. Each cooking style represents its respective regional characteristics. E.g. The author then goeas on to give a few examples of such cuisines to highlight his point.

Sentence Structure:
India (subject) (element 1 of comparison)
,like (comparison marker)
Italy and China (element 2 of comparison)
has (verb)
has no single dominant cuisine: (object of the sentence) (notice the colon - we understand that the author is going to elaborate his point "India has no single dominant cuisine)
Indian food (subject)
comprises (verb)
many different styles of cooking (object of the sentence)
,with each a product of their regional influences, (prepositional phrase beginning with "with" and modifying "styles of cooking")
from the fiery vegetarian dishes of the south to the Portuguese-influenced Goan cooking of the west, to the more familiar Mogul food of the north. (prepositional phrase giving examples of cooking styles from different regions)

Quote:
(A) with each a product of their
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We notice a clear pronoun error. The plural pronoun "their" is used to refer to the singular pronoun "each". I am not sure about the usage of "with" in "with each a product of their" Not sure if its completely wrong so I'll be open to it.

Note - "each" is singular even though it refers to a plural noun "styles of cooking"

Quote:
(B) with each as a product of its
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We see that the pronoun error has been rectified. However, we now have the marker "as". "As + Noun" is used to describe a role/function of an entity. Keeping this knowledge in mind does it make sense to say that "each cooking style is a role/function of a product of regional influences"? Doesn't seem correct. The styles of cooking aren't acting as a product of something. These styles are themselves a product of the regional influences.

E.g. As a teacher, Hoozan helped Ron in his studies --> Hoozan is performing the role of a teacher. And in the capacity of a teacher he helped Ron in his studies.

E.g. As a teacher does, Hoozan helped Ron in his studies --> Here, Hoozan is not a teacher BUT like a teacher he is helping Ron. There is a similarity between Hoozan and a teacher BUT that doesn't mean Hoozan is the teacher.

Quote:
(C) each products of their
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Same pronoun error of (A). I believe the usage of plural noun "products" after the singular pronoun "each" is wrong out here. E.g. The company sold each product at a 20% markup. I am not sure if there are instances where each can be followed by a plural noun, but I believe in this sentence it is incorrect.

Quote:
(D) each a product of
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Correct. All pronoun errors are rectified.

Quote:
(E) each products of
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Same error of (C)

Correct Choice: (D)
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India, like Italy and China, has no single dominant cuisine: Indian fo 05 Nov 2021, 01:20
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India, like Italy and China, has no single dominant cuisine: Indian food comprises many different styles of cooking, with each a product of their regional influences, from the fiery vegetarian dishes of the south to the Portuguese-influenced Goan cooking of the west, to the more familiar Mogul food of the north.

(A) with each a product of their -> "their" is incorrect. each needs singular pronoun.

(B) with each as a product of its -> "as a product of its" is incorrect. We don't have a comparison.

(C) each products of their -> Same as A. Incorrect.

(D) each a product of -> This is better. Let's keep it.

(E) each products of -> "products" is incorrect. We need singular noun.

So, I think D. :)
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India, like Italy and China, has no single dominant cuisine: Indian fo 21 Aug 2022, 06:59
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If I modify the optiob B]

(B) with each as a product

ANYTHING WRONG IN USING 'AS'

How to differentiate b/w 'as' in a preposition role or comparison role?
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India, like Italy and China, has no single dominant cuisine: Indian fo 22 Aug 2022, 05:46
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If I modify the optiob B]

(B) with each as a product
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Trying to 'edit' GMAC's answer choices is not a good idea. Overall, the net value you'll get from doing this is negative, because student-produced answer choices are very likely to be wrong for reasons that aren't tested on this exam.

In this case, there's still a comma + "with" modifier—which is still incorrect for the same reason it was originally.

Comma + "WITH..." should describe a part, component, or aspect of the broader or more general situation narrated in the main clause. If "comma+WITH..." covers the ENTIRETY of what's described in the previous clause, then it's misused.

This sentence WORKS:
Apple posted record profits in the fourth quarter, with consumers racing to buy the newest iPhones.
(iPhones account for only one component of the total aggregate profit described in the sentence.)

Comma+WITH does NOT work in the sentence here, because "each a product..." is a description that covers ALL of the cuisines mentioned in the previous clause.
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India, like Italy and China, has no single dominant cuisine: Indian fo 22 Aug 2022, 05:53
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Quote:
How to differentiate b/w 'as' in a preposition role or comparison role?
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You should not have any real difficulty recognizing comparisons whenever they appear in these sentences.
Comparisons are extremely conspicuous. They take up a large fraction of the total length of the sentence, the two items being compared will probably resemble each other to a substantial extent, and the markers/signal words used to set up comparisons—e.g., like/as or quantitative comparisons (more, less, greater, fewer, etc.)—should stand out.

If you see an "as" that's clearly NOT part of a comparison structure, then it's the other type.
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India, like Italy and China, has no single dominant cuisine: Indian fo 26 Aug 2022, 12:11
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RonTargetTestPrep

okay, I get your point. I wish to know when 'as' can be mis-used as preposition. How do I identify that the usage of 'as' is valid in a given sentence?

are there any wrong examples to support my query?

RonTargetTestPrep
Quote:
How to differentiate b/w 'as' in a preposition role or comparison role?

You should not have any real difficulty recognizing comparisons whenever they appear in these sentences.
Comparisons are extremely conspicuous. They take up a large fraction of the total length of the sentence, the two items being compared will probably resemble each other to a substantial extent, and the markers/signal words used to set up comparisons—e.g., like/as or quantitative comparisons (more, less, greater, fewer, etc.)—should stand out.

If you see an "as" that's clearly NOT part of a comparison structure, then it's the other type.
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India, like Italy and China, has no single dominant cuisine: Indian fo 28 Aug 2022, 20:50
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RonTargetTestPrep

okay, I get your point. I wish to know when 'as' can be mis-used as preposition. How do I identify that the usage of 'as' is valid in a given sentence?
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Here is an example of a problem in which "[just] AS" creates an analogy/point of comparison.

The point is that sentences like this one differ massively in superficial appearance from sentences where "as" is a preposition.
In the former type, you have TWO similar-looking WHOLE SENTENCES that talk about similar ideas! —so that the entire thing is basically just one great big long parallel structure.

The preposition type will not do any of those things: It won't have the two whole sentences, it won't construct parallelism around "as", and it won't articulate any close analogies.

The differences between these two are so huge that it should be LITERALLY IMPOSSIBLE to confuse them.
Anyone who does confuse these two sentence formulations must be approaching SC in some sort of fundamentally wrong way—e.g., maybe they've somehow gotten the idea that SC sentences are like algebra equations, where it literally doesn't matter what the words mean.
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India, like Italy and China, has no single dominant cuisine: Indian fo Updated on: 29 Aug 2022, 11:38
Originally posted by jabhatta2 on 29 Aug 2022, 07:05.
Last edited by jabhatta2 on 29 Aug 2022, 11:38, edited 4 times in total.
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RonTargetTestPrep MartyTargetTestPrep DmitryFarber - how would you eliminate (E) ?

I see per another post, saying "each" cannot be used alongside "Products"

Why not though ?

Here are counter-examples ?

Quote:
Example -

(i) I sold 10 pieces of art, each paintings of Michelangelo
(ii) I drove 10 cars, each inventions of Henry Ford
(iii) I sold 10 cars, each products of General Motors

In the above examples - "each" is an pronoun
In the above examples - "paintings of Michelangelo" , "inventions of Henry Ford", "products of General Motors" are modifying "Each"
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Just like the above sentences, i thought (E) was doing just that

"Each" is a pronoun and "products of regional influences" is modifying "each"
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India, like Italy and China, has no single dominant cuisine: Indian fo 29 Aug 2022, 10:32
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Interesting idea, but "styles" is the only word that "each" can reasonably refer to, so I'm not sure that helps us in this case.
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Hi DmitryFarber - how were you so sure
"Each" here referred to "Styles" and not "Indian food" ?

Logically speaking, "Indian food" is the product of regional influence.

I dont see how "style of cooking" can be a product of regional influence

The word "product" i think is the reason why I keep going back to "Food" as the product of regional influence

If you compare the 2 antecedents (Indian food vs styles of cooking) -- Indian food makes more sense if you ask me as the product of regional influence over styles of cooking
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India, like Italy and China, has no single dominant cuisine: Indian fo 30 Aug 2022, 05:31
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DmitryFarber
Interesting idea, but "styles" is the only word that "each" can reasonably refer to, so I'm not sure that helps us in this case.

Hi DmitryFarber - how were you so sure
"Each" here referred to "Styles" and not "Indian food" ?

Logically speaking, "Indian food" is the product of regional influence.

I dont see how "style of cooking" can be a product of regional influence

The word "product" i think is the reason why I keep going back to "Food" as the product of regional influence

If you compare the 2 antecedents (Indian food vs styles of cooking) -- Indian food makes more sense if you ask me as the product of regional influence over styles of cooking
Show more

Hello jabhatta2,

We hope this finds you well.

To answer your query, in this context "Indian food" is a singular noun, as it refers to a category of food that "comprises many different styles of cooking", thus "each" cannot logically refer to "Indian food".

Further, the term "product" can also be used to refer to non-tangible things as well; in this case, "product" simply means "result".

We hope this helps.
All the best!
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India, like Italy and China, has no single dominant cuisine: Indian fo 30 Aug 2022, 06:39
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jabhatta2
DmitryFarber
Interesting idea, but "styles" is the only word that "each" can reasonably refer to, so I'm not sure that helps us in this case.

Hi DmitryFarber - how were you so sure
"Each" here referred to "Styles" and not "Indian food" ?

Logically speaking, "Indian food" is the product of regional influence.

I dont see how "style of cooking" can be a product of regional influence

The word "product" i think is the reason why I keep going back to "Food" as the product of regional influence

If you compare the 2 antecedents (Indian food vs styles of cooking) -- Indian food makes more sense if you ask me as the product of regional influence over styles of cooking

Hello jabhatta2,

We hope this finds you well.

To answer your query, in this context "Indian food" is a singular noun, as it refers to a category of food that "comprises many different styles of cooking", thus "each" cannot logically refer to "Indian food".

Further, the term "product" can also be used to refer to non-tangible things as well; in this case, "product" simply means "result".

We hope this helps.
All the best!
Experts' Global Team
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hmm ExpertsGlobal5 - so what you are saying is "Indian food" is singular.

Singular nouns CANNOT be antecedents for "Each".

But is "Indian food" singular ? There are many types of "Indian food" -- Gujarati food, Bengali food, Punjabi food, Goan food ....

Thats the entire SC problem all about --- The 'types' of indian food
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India, like Italy and China, has no single dominant cuisine: Indian fo 31 Aug 2022, 00:15
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jabhatta2

There are also many types of bird, many types of science, many types of medicine, etc. But bird, science, and medicine are all singular nouns. Also keep in mind that "each" is also singular. So your earlier examples about paintings, inventions, etc., all need adjustment. We need "each a painting," "each an invention," etc. Sorry I didn't notice that part before.
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India, like Italy and China, has no single dominant cuisine: Indian fo 31 Aug 2022, 06:04
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hmm ExpertsGlobal5 - so what you are saying is "Indian food" is singular.

Singular nouns CANNOT be antecedents for "Each".

But is "Indian food" singular ? There are many types of "Indian food" -- Gujarati food, Bengali food, Punjabi food, Goan food ....

Thats the entire SC problem all about --- The 'types' of indian food
Show more

Hello jabhatta2,

We hope this finds you well.

To answer your query, in this context "Indian food" is a superset that includes Gujarati food, Bengali food, Punjabi food, Goan food, etc, just as these foods include subsets within them.

For example, consider the term "American literature"; this term refers to the singular, collective body of all American literary works, but within it there are smaller, more specific bodies as well - "19th century American literature", "20th century American literature", "contemporary American literature", etc.

We hope this helps.
All the best!
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India, like Italy and China, has no single dominant cuisine: Indian fo 02 Sep 2023, 07:44
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