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amazing, i appreciate the in depth explanation!!
Thank you. That is the standard I strive for - amazing! 😂
Thank you for your kind comments. I appreciate it.
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Thank you @bb I appreciate you taking the time to explain !
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Q1. According to some economists, Japan is in danger of plunging into a depression that, with double-digit unemployment, could severely strain a society that regards lifetime employment as a virtual right of citizenship. (A) that, with double-digit unemployment, could severely strain (B) that, because of double-digit unemployment, could be a severe strain for (C) with double-digit unemployment, and it could severely strain (D) with double-digit unemployment and could be a severe strain (E) with double-digit unemployment and could severely strain Difficulty - Hard

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Q2. Mauna Loa is an active and sometimes dangerous volcano that has erupted 33 times since 1843; a source of pride for the residents on the Big Island of Hawaii, who rely on its rich soil and tourist dollars. A. Mauna Loa is an active and sometimes dangerous volcano that has erupted 33 times since 1843; a source of pride for the residents on the Big Island of Hawaii, who rely on its rich soil and tourist dollars. B. Mauna Loa is an active and sometimes dangerous volcano that has erupted 33 times since 1843, which is a source of pride for the residents on the Big Island of Hawaii, who rely on its rich soil and tourist dollars. C. A source of pride for the residents on the Big Island of Hawaii, Mauna Loa is an active and sometimes dangerous volcano that has erupted 33 times since 1843 and relied upon for its rich soil and tourist dollars. D. A source of pride for the residents on the Big Island of Hawaii, who rely on its rich soil and tourist dollars, Mauna Loa is an active and sometimes dangerous volcano that has erupted 33 times since 1843. E. A source of pride for the residents on the Big Island of Hawaii, who rely on the volcano’s rich soil and tourist dollars, Mauna Loa, an active and sometimes dangerous volcano that has erupted 33 times since 1843. Difficulty - Hard

SC Questions August - 2 :

Q1. When we think about peoples of the past, we intuitively try to imagine what he or she would have looked like in real life and to visualize their physical features, dress, and general appearance.


(A) we intuitively try to imagine what he or she would have looked like in real life and to visualize their physical features

(B) we intuitively try to imagine what they would have looked like in real life and to visualize their physical features

(C) we intuitively try to imagine what he or she would have looked like in real life and visualize his or her physical features

(D) we intuitively try to imagine what they would have looked like in real life and to visualize what their physical features were like

(E) we intuitively try to imagine what they would look like in real life and visualize their physical features



Difficulty - Hard

Q2. The term Population Attributable Risk has been described as the reduction in incidence that would be observed if the population was entirely unexposed, compared with its current, actual exposure pattern

(A) has been described as the reduction in incidence that would be observed if the population was entirely unexposed, compared with its current, actual exposure pattern

(B) has been described as the reduction in incidence that would be observed if the population were entirely unexposed, compared with its current, actual exposure pattern

(C) has been described as the reduction in incidence that would have been observed if the population were entirely unexposed, compared to its current, actual exposure pattern

(D) can be described as the reduction in incidence that would be observed if the population was entirely unexposed, compared with its current, actual exposure pattern

(E) could be described as the reduction in incidence that would be observed if the population was entirely unexposed, compared with its current, actual exposure pattern


Difficulty - Hard
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Q1. When we think about peoples of the past, we intuitively try to imagine what he or she would have looked like in real life and to visualize their physical features, dress, and general appearance. (A) we intuitively try to imagine what he or she would have looked like in real life and to visualize their physical features (B) we intuitively try to imagine what they would have looked like in real life and to visualize their physical features (C) we intuitively try to imagine what he or she would have looked like in real life and visualize his or her physical features (D) we intuitively try to imagine what they would have looked like in real life and to visualize what their physical features were like (E) we intuitively try to imagine what they would look like in real life and visualize their physical features Difficulty - Hard
IMO B; A & C can be eliminated because "he or she" cannot refer to plural noun "peoples". In D, the list is not parallel (mentioned at the end of the sentence) and in E usage of "would look" is wrong.

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Q2. The term Population Attributable Risk has been described as the reduction in incidence that would be observed if the population was entirely unexposed, compared with its current, actual exposure pattern (A) has been described as the reduction in incidence that would be observed if the population was entirely unexposed, compared with its current, actual exposure pattern (B) has been described as the reduction in incidence that would be observed if the population were entirely unexposed, compared with its current, actual exposure pattern (C) has been described as the reduction in incidence that would have been observed if the population were entirely unexposed, compared to its current, actual exposure pattern (D) can be described as the reduction in incidence that would be observed if the population was entirely unexposed, compared with its current, actual exposure pattern (E) could be described as the reduction in incidence that would be observed if the population was entirely unexposed, compared with its current, actual exposure pattern Difficulty - Hard
If- would subjunctive require a plural verb. Hence, A, D & E can be eliminated. In C, not sure why do we require "would have been" in place of "would be observed" in B. I will choose B.
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Q1. When we think about peoples of the past, we intuitively try to imagine what he or she would have looked like in real life and to visualize their physical features, dress, and general appearance. (A) we intuitively try to imagine what he or she would have looked like in real life and to visualize their physical features (B) we intuitively try to imagine what they would have looked like in real life and to visualize their physical features (C) we intuitively try to imagine what he or she would have looked like in real life and visualize his or her physical features (D) we intuitively try to imagine what they would have looked like in real life and to visualize what their physical features were like (E) we intuitively try to imagine what they would look like in real life and visualize their physical features Difficulty - Hard
Correct answer should be B .
My opinion on other options-
A. Mixing “he or she” and “their”
C. Although “he or she” has been used twice, but it will not go with the plural “peoples of past”.
D. No need to use “to” twice. Without the 2nd “to”, the parallelism will still be intact. Besides, finishing with “like”, will not be parallel with the rest of the sentence.
E. “Would have looked like” is correct.
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Q2. The term Population Attributable Risk has been described as the reduction in incidence that would be observed if the population was entirely unexposed, compared with its current, actual exposure pattern (A) has been described as the reduction in incidence that would be observed if the population was entirely unexposed, compared with its current, actual exposure pattern (B) has been described as the reduction in incidence that would be observed if the population were entirely unexposed, compared with its current, actual exposure pattern (C) has been described as the reduction in incidence that would have been observed if the population were entirely unexposed, compared to its current, actual exposure pattern (D) can be described as the reduction in incidence that would be observed if the population was entirely unexposed, compared with its current, actual exposure pattern (E) could be described as the reduction in incidence that would be observed if the population was entirely unexposed, compared with its current, actual exposure pattern Difficulty - Hard
I think A is the correct choice
B and C use “population were”, whereas population is a number. It should be “population was”. So B and C are incorrect.
D uses “can” which somehow corresponds to the future and the rest of the sentence is in simple past.
E uses “could be described” which doesn’t work with “would be observed”. Using “has been” instead of “could be” works better, in my opinion.
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Q1. Of all the laptops available for sale in Ireland, those manufactured by Ivy Infotech must have the fastest processors. Over the last six months, Ivy Infotech has sold three times as many laptops as its closest competitor. Additionally, Ivy Infotech’s order books are full for the next 12 months. Which of the following options, if true, most strengthens the argument? (A) Ivy Infotech is the oldest manufacturer of laptops in Ireland. (B) Ivy Infotech has the largest market share in laptop sales in Ireland for the past five years. (C) Ivy Infotech sources its processors from the company which is the world’s biggest manufacturer of laptop processors. (D) All the laptops available for sale in Ireland are same in every aspect except for their processors. (E) The Irish populace prefers laptops with faster processors. Difficulty - Hard

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Q2. The Chabberton Post-Gazette reported that the overall volume of retail sales in Chabberton was lower last year than it was the year before. The Post-Gazette based that conclusion on a survey of all retail stores that were in business in Chabberton throughout both of those years: these stores, taken together, had a smaller sales volume last year than the year before. Which of the following, if true, casts the most serious doubt on the Post-Gazette’s conclusion? A. Last year several new retail stores opened in Chabberton, offering high quality merchandise at competitive prices. B. Many Chabberton residents do most of their shopping at stores in other towns in the vicinity of Chabberton. C. Most of the Chabberton stores that the survey covered advertise regularly in the Chabberton Post-Gazette. D. A separate survey of manufacturing businesses in Chabberton shows that they did a greater volume of business last year than the year before. E. The year before last was a year of record sales for retail stores in Chabberton, with most stores reporting their highest sales volume ever.

CR Questions August - 2 :

Q1. Naturalist: For several years, coyote have had a robust population throughout the Susquehanna National Forest. Over the past seven years, the Canic Chemical Corporation in nearby Harrisville has been releasing low levels of bromide compounds into the air and groundwater. Some of these compounds, in sufficient concentrations, are suspected of compromising the immune systems of young coyote. A recent study over the entire forest established that 30% of young coyote did not survive their first year of life. Clearly, the bromide compounds released by Canic pose a direct threat to the well-being of coyote in the forest.

The answer to which of the following would be most useful for evaluating the naturalist’s reasoning?

A) Have significant levels of these bromide compounds been measured in the blood of other mammals in the forest?

B) To what parts of the forest does the wind carry the particulate form of these bromide compounds?

C) How many of the natural springs in the forest derive from groundwater that flows in the vicinity of Harrisville?

D) What naturally available nutrients would strengthen the immune system of young coyote against any effects of these bromide compounds?

E) What percentage of healthy coyote survive to adulthood in the wild?



Difficulty - Hard

Q2. Almost all arguments against the theory of evolution stem from the fact that it is very difficult to prove how a group of non-living elements can combine together and give rise to life. However, just because something cannot be proved with certainty today doesn’t mean that the possibility isn’t there. Remember, there was a time when almost the whole world believed the Earth was the centre of the universe until Galileo came by and proved otherwise.

The statements above, if true, best support which of the following assertions?


(A) At one point of time, Galileo was the only person who believed that the earth was not the centre of the universe.

(B) A majority of scientists do not agree with the theory of evolution.

(C) It is difficult to prove the theory of evolution with certainty.

(D) When Galileo stated that the sun and not the earth was the centre of the universe, he was called insane by his compatriots.

(E) Everything that, at one time, seems impossible will, at some point in the future, become possible.



Difficulty - Hard
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Q1. When we think about peoples of the past, we intuitively try to imagine what he or she would have looked like in real life and to visualize their physical features, dress, and general appearance. (A) we intuitively try to imagine what he or she would have looked like in real life and to visualize their physical features (B) we intuitively try to imagine what they would have looked like in real life and to visualize their physical features (C) we intuitively try to imagine what he or she would have looked like in real life and visualize his or her physical features (D) we intuitively try to imagine what they would have looked like in real life and to visualize what their physical features were like (E) we intuitively try to imagine what they would look like in real life and visualize their physical features Difficulty - Hard

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Q2. The term Population Attributable Risk has been described as the reduction in incidence that would be observed if the population was entirely unexposed, compared with its current, actual exposure pattern (A) has been described as the reduction in incidence that would be observed if the population was entirely unexposed, compared with its current, actual exposure pattern (B) has been described as the reduction in incidence that would be observed if the population were entirely unexposed, compared with its current, actual exposure pattern (C) has been described as the reduction in incidence that would have been observed if the population were entirely unexposed, compared to its current, actual exposure pattern (D) can be described as the reduction in incidence that would be observed if the population was entirely unexposed, compared with its current, actual exposure pattern (E) could be described as the reduction in incidence that would be observed if the population was entirely unexposed, compared with its current, actual exposure pattern Difficulty - Hard

SC Questions August - 3 :

Q1. Self-compassion is made up of mindfulness, the ability to manage thoughts and emotions without being carried away or repressing them, common humanity, or empathy with the suffering of others, and self-kindness, a recognition of your own suffering and a commitment to solving the problem.

(A) away or repressing them, common humanity, or empathy with the suffering of others,

(B) away, or repression of them, and common humanity, or empathy with the suffering of others,

(C) away, or repressing them, common humanity, empathy with the suffering of others;

(D) away or repressing them; common humanity, an empathy with the suffering of others;

(E) away or repress them; common humanity, to empathize with the suffering of others



Difficulty - Hard

Q2. Found only in the Western Hemisphere and surviving through extremes of climate, hummingbirds’ range extends from Alaska to Tierra del Fuego, from sea-level rain forests to the edges of Andean snowfields and ice fields at altitudes of 15,000 feet.


(A) Found only in the Western Hemisphere and surviving through extremes of climate, hummingbirds’ range extends

(B) Found only in the Western Hemisphere, hummingbirds survive through extremes of climate, their range extending

(C) Hummingbirds, found only in the Western Hemisphere and surviving through extremes of climate, with their range extending

(D) Hummingbirds, found only in the Western Hemisphere and surviving through extremes of climate, their range extends

(E) Hummingbirds are found only in the Western Hemisphere, survive through extremes of climate, and their range extends



Difficulty - Hard
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Q2. Found only in the Western Hemisphere and surviving through extremes of climate, hummingbirds’ range extends from Alaska to Tierra del Fuego, from sea-level rain forests to the edges of Andean snowfields and ice fields at altitudes of 15,000 feet. (A) Found only in the Western Hemisphere and surviving through extremes of climate, hummingbirds’ range extends (B) Found only in the Western Hemisphere, hummingbirds survive through extremes of climate, their range extending (C) Hummingbirds, found only in the Western Hemisphere and surviving through extremes of climate, with their range extending (D) Hummingbirds, found only in the Western Hemisphere and surviving through extremes of climate, their range extends (E) Hummingbirds are found only in the Western Hemisphere, survive through extremes of climate, and their range extends Difficulty - Hard
A out because "hummingbirds’ range" cannot be the noun which can be modified with the available opening modifier. C & D out because there is no main verb in both the options. E has wrong parallelism. IMO B should be the OA.

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Q1. Self-compassion is made up of mindfulness, the ability to manage thoughts and emotions without being carried away or repressing them, common humanity, or empathy with the suffering of others, and self-kindness, a recognition of your own suffering and a commitment to solving the problem. (A) away or repressing them, common humanity, or empathy with the suffering of others, (B) away, or repression of them, and common humanity, or empathy with the suffering of others, (C) away, or repressing them, common humanity, empathy with the suffering of others; (D) away or repressing them; common humanity, an empathy with the suffering of others; (E) away or repress them; common humanity, to empathize with the suffering of others Difficulty - Hard
Except in D, all other options have wrong list markers. There are three elements in the given list and to differentiate between main elements and noun phrases, which are describing such elements, we have "COMMA" and to separate main elements from each other we have "SEMI-COLON".
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B

A - hummingbirds range is incorrect
C - no verb
D - no verb
E - parallelism error (are found, survive , their range)
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i posted a question.. please can someone explain it
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Q1. Self-compassion is made up of mindfulness, the ability to manage thoughts and emotions without being carried away or repressing them, common humanity, or empathy with the suffering of others, and self-kindness, a recognition of your own suffering and a commitment to solving the problem. (A) away or repressing them, common humanity, or empathy with the suffering of others, (B) away, or repression of them, and common humanity, or empathy with the suffering of others, (C) away, or repressing them, common humanity, empathy with the suffering of others; (D) away or repressing them; common humanity, an empathy with the suffering of others; (E) away or repress them; common humanity, to empathize with the suffering of others Difficulty - Hard

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Q2. Found only in the Western Hemisphere and surviving through extremes of climate, hummingbirds’ range extends from Alaska to Tierra del Fuego, from sea-level rain forests to the edges of Andean snowfields and ice fields at altitudes of 15,000 feet. (A) Found only in the Western Hemisphere and surviving through extremes of climate, hummingbirds’ range extends (B) Found only in the Western Hemisphere, hummingbirds survive through extremes of climate, their range extending (C) Hummingbirds, found only in the Western Hemisphere and surviving through extremes of climate, with their range extending (D) Hummingbirds, found only in the Western Hemisphere and surviving through extremes of climate, their range extends (E) Hummingbirds are found only in the Western Hemisphere, survive through extremes of climate, and their range extends Difficulty - Hard

SC Questions August - 4 :

Q1. Regulators are likely to end what are, in effect, long-standing exemptions permitting pilots of small turboprop aircraft at small carriers to fly as much as 20 percent more hours per month than pilots at larger airlines fly, with the consequence that some carriers could be forced to hire additional pilots.

A. as much as 20 percent more hours per month than pilots at larger airlines fly, with the consequence that

B. as many as 20 percent more hours per month as pilots at larger airlines, and

C. more hours per month, as much as 20 percent, than pilots at larger airlines; consequently

D. as much as 20 percent more hours per month as larger airlines’ pilots, so

E. as many as 20 percent more hours per month than pilots at larger airlines do, and consequently



Difficulty - Hard

Q2. In human hearing, subtle differences in how the two ears hear a given sound help the listener determine the qualities of that sound.


(A) in how the two ears hear a given sound help the listener determine

(B) in the two ears hearing a given sound help the listener in determining

(C) in how a sound is heard by the two ears helps the listener determine

(D) between how the two ears hear a given sound helps the listener in determining

(E) between how a sound is heard by the two ears help the listener in determining



Difficulty - Hard
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Q1. Regulators are likely to end what are, in effect, long-standing exemptions permitting pilots of small turboprop aircraft at small carriers to fly as much as 20 percent more hours per month than pilots at larger airlines fly, with the consequence that some carriers could be forced to hire additional pilots. A. as much as 20 percent more hours per month than pilots at larger airlines fly, with the consequence that B. as many as 20 percent more hours per month as pilots at larger airlines, and C. more hours per month, as much as 20 percent, than pilots at larger airlines; consequently D. as much as 20 percent more hours per month as larger airlines’ pilots, so E. as many as 20 percent more hours per month than pilots at larger airlines do, and consequently Difficulty - Hard
Noun, House - countable; hence usage of "much" is not correct in A, C & D. B can be eliminated because of "more...as", which is wrong. Left with E.

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Noun, House - countable; hence usage of "much" is not correct in A, C & D. B can be eliminated because of "more...as", which is wrong. Left with E.
*Noun, Hours- countable
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Q1. Naturalist: For several years, coyote have had a robust population throughout the Susquehanna National Forest. Over the past seven years, the Canic Chemical Corporation in nearby Harrisville has been releasing low levels of bromide compounds into the air and groundwater. Some of these compounds, in sufficient concentrations, are suspected of compromising the immune systems of young coyote. A recent study over the entire forest established that 30% of young coyote did not survive their first year of life. Clearly, the bromide compounds released by Canic pose a direct threat to the well-being of coyote in the forest. The answer to which of the following would be most useful for evaluating the naturalist’s reasoning? A) Have significant levels of these bromide compounds been measured in the blood of other mammals in the forest? B) To what parts of the forest does the wind carry the particulate form of these bromide compounds? C) How many of the natural springs in the forest derive from groundwater that flows in the vicinity of Harrisville? D) What naturally available nutrients would strengthen the immune system of young coyote against any effects of these bromide compounds? E) What percentage of healthy coyote survive to adulthood in the wild? Difficulty - Hard

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Q2. Almost all arguments against the theory of evolution stem from the fact that it is very difficult to prove how a group of non-living elements can combine together and give rise to life. However, just because something cannot be proved with certainty today doesn’t mean that the possibility isn’t there. Remember, there was a time when almost the whole world believed the Earth was the centre of the universe until Galileo came by and proved otherwise. The statements above, if true, best support which of the following assertions? (A) At one point of time, Galileo was the only person who believed that the earth was not the centre of the universe. (B) A majority of scientists do not agree with the theory of evolution. (C) It is difficult to prove the theory of evolution with certainty. (D) When Galileo stated that the sun and not the earth was the centre of the universe, he was called insane by his compatriots. (E) Everything that, at one time, seems impossible will, at some point in the future, become possible. Difficulty - Hard

CR Questions August - 4 :

Q1. According to the results of a new ground-breaking research, those who wake up early in the morning are generally more alert during the day than those who wake up late. Thus, companies should insist that all their employees wake up early so that they remain alert all through the day.

Which of the following is an assumption in the above argument?

(A) People who wake up early in the morning will not get lethargic during the day.

(B) It is a good idea for employees to remain alert during the day.

(C) Alert employees are generally more productive than lethargic ones.

(D) An alert nature does not cause people to wake up early in the morning.

(E) Lethargy can be cured in other ways as well such as by having a cup of strong coffee.



Difficulty - Hard

Q2. The report released by the interior ministry states that within the past 5 years the national land-reclamation program has created a 19 percent increase in arable land within the country. If these figures are accurate, the program has been a huge success. Senator Cox, a distinguished mathematician and a woman of brilliance, maintains, however, that the reclamation program could not possibly have been successful. Clearly, therefore, the figures cited in the report cannot be accurate.

The argument above exhibits an erroneous pattern of reasoning most similar to that exhibited by which one of the following?

A) Albert’s father claims that Albert does not know where the spare car keys are hidden. Yesterday however, Albert reported that he had discovered the spare car keys in the garage toolbox, so his father’s claim cannot be true.

B) Gloria’s drama teacher claims that her policy is to give each student the opportunity to act in at least one play during the year but, since Gloria, who attended every class, reports that she was not given such an opportunity the teacher’s claim cannot be true.

C) Amos claims that he can hold his breath under water for a full hour. Dr. Treviso, a cardiopulmonary specialist, has stated that humans are physiologically incapable of holding their breath for even half that long; so Amos’ claim cannot be true.

D) Evelyn reports that she got home before midnight. Robert, who always knows the time, insists that she did not. If Robert is right, Evelyn could not possibly have listened to the late news; since she admits not having listened to the late news, her report cannot be true.

E) Moira, after observing the finish of the 60-kilometer bicycle race, reports that Lee won with Adams a distant third. Lomas, a bicycle engineering expert, insists, however, that Lee could not have won a race in which Adams competed; so Moira’s report cannot be true.



Difficulty - Hard
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Q1. Regulators are likely to end what are, in effect, long-standing exemptions permitting pilots of small turboprop aircraft at small carriers to fly as much as 20 percent more hours per month than pilots at larger airlines fly, with the consequence that some carriers could be forced to hire additional pilots. A. as much as 20 percent more hours per month than pilots at larger airlines fly, with the consequence that B. as many as 20 percent more hours per month as pilots at larger airlines, and C. more hours per month, as much as 20 percent, than pilots at larger airlines; consequently D. as much as 20 percent more hours per month as larger airlines’ pilots, so E. as many as 20 percent more hours per month than pilots at larger airlines do, and consequently Difficulty - Hard

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Q2. In human hearing, subtle differences in how the two ears hear a given sound help the listener determine the qualities of that sound. (A) in how the two ears hear a given sound help the listener determine (B) in the two ears hearing a given sound help the listener in determining (C) in how a sound is heard by the two ears helps the listener determine (D) between how the two ears hear a given sound helps the listener in determining (E) between how a sound is heard by the two ears help the listener in determining Difficulty - Hard

Q1. Different from owners of German shepherds, some town ordinances do not require confinement or being leashed for owners controlling collies or sheep dogs.

A. Different from owners of German shepherds, some town ordinances do not require confinement or being leashed for owners controlling

B. Unlike owners of German shepherds that are required by some town ordinances to be confined or leashed, there are none for owners control

C. Though some town ordinances require owners of German shepherds to keep their dogs confined or on leashes, no such regulations have been required of owners to control

D. Though some town ordinances require owners of German shepherds to keep their dogs confined or leashed, few such regulations exist requiring owners to control

E. Though there were confinement or leash regulations required by some town ordinances of owners of German shepherds, there are none for the controlling of



Difficulty - Hard

Q2. It is thought that if cats were allowed to breed indiscriminately, more than half of the cat population would have been Tabby.


A. if cats were allowed to breed indiscriminately, more than half of the cat population would have been Tabby

B. more than half of the cat population would be Tabby if cats were allowed to breed indiscriminately

C. if cats had been allowed to breed indiscriminately, more than half of the cat population would be Tabby

D. more than half of the cat population would be Tabby if cats had been allowed to breed indiscriminately

E. more than half of the cat population would have been Tabby if cats were allowed to breed indiscriminately



Difficulty - Hard
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Q1. According to the results of a new ground-breaking research, those who wake up early in the morning are generally more alert during the day than those who wake up late. Thus, companies should insist that all their employees wake up early so that they remain alert all through the day. Which of the following is an assumption in the above argument? (A) People who wake up early in the morning will not get lethargic during the day. (B) It is a good idea for employees to remain alert during the day. (C) Alert employees are generally more productive than lethargic ones. (D) An alert nature does not cause people to wake up early in the morning. (E) Lethargy can be cured in other ways as well such as by having a cup of strong coffee. Difficulty - Hard
B or D for sure but Im going with B as C seems oit of scope due to "productive" and there is no mention of "during the day" in the option
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Q1. Different from owners of German shepherds, some town ordinances do not require confinement or being leashed for owners controlling collies or sheep dogs. A. Different from owners of German shepherds, some town ordinances do not require confinement or being leashed for owners controlling B. Unlike owners of German shepherds that are required by some town ordinances to be confined or leashed, there are none for owners control C. Though some town ordinances require owners of German shepherds to keep their dogs confined or on leashes, no such regulations have been required of owners to control D. Though some town ordinances require owners of German shepherds to keep their dogs confined or leashed, few such regulations exist requiring owners to control E. Though there were confinement or leash regulations required by some town ordinances of owners of German shepherds, there are none for the controlling of Difficulty - Hard
D, in A "Different from owners of German shepherds" wrongly modifies "some town ordinances"; in B "owners of German shepherds" are being compared to "there"; in C llsm error (confined or on leashes) also C’s meaning is a bit different than other option and by that I mean C says "no such regulations" but in other options we have few regulations/ some ordinances; in E "ordinances of owners" doesn’t make sense at all.

winterschool
Q2. It is thought that if cats were allowed to breed indiscriminately, more than half of the cat population would have been Tabby. A. if cats were allowed to breed indiscriminately, more than half of the cat population would have been Tabby B. more than half of the cat population would be Tabby if cats were allowed to breed indiscriminately C. if cats had been allowed to breed indiscriminately, more than half of the cat population would be Tabby D. more than half of the cat population would be Tabby if cats had been allowed to breed indiscriminately E. more than half of the cat population would have been Tabby if cats were allowed to breed indiscriminately Difficulty - Hard
Only B has correct conditional usage i.e. If "past tense", then(optional) " would + be form of verb"
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