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correct usage will be "anticipated that"...Out of the options with the correct usage, C has no modifier error..My vote for C...
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Dude E is passive...As far as possible, avoid usages of being in GMAT...

Quote:
Usage of 'As' seems correct, but it should imply that gradually machines were replacing the humans.

I think best choice would have been if given an option
As machines started replacing the human labor

For me C doesn't represent the continuous process, which should correctly correspond to the second part of the sentence "continue to become shorter".

.. It would keep getting shorter as machines were replacing the human labors.

I think continuous is required in here. (left with the options A and E)

A is awkward.
I will go with E.

In E

"Human labor being replaced by machines" is modifying "there" (location could be city, town , etc). Any opinions on it? Is it the correct modification. I am not sure but make some sense to me.

Please put forth your opinions.
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Also.. it is widely anticipated looks a lot better than there is a wide anticipation ..
C IMO
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"C --- look at this, we have two clauses (complete sentences); machine replacing labor ; the wider anticipation was that ..work week get short

classical case of missing conjugation

A, and B

As A (happened/happening), B (resulted)

When is NOT good conjugation, As (present) cause --result connection between the two sentences."
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Machines replacing human labor, there was wide anticipation that the workweek would continue to become shorter.

(B) When machines replaced human labor, there was wide anticipation

B is incorrect because the latter part of the sentence refers to a progressive decrease in the workweek, whereas B tends to imply a one-off bang -machines replace labour - so it seems illogical to think the workweek would progressively become shorter.

(C) As machines replaced human labor, it was widely anticipated that

C provides the necessary relationship to substantiate the progressive decrease implied by the non-underlined portion.
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sudeep
Usage of 'As' seems correct, but it should imply that gradually machines were replacing the humans.

I think best choice would have been if given an option
As machines started replacing the human labor

For me C doesn't represent the continuous process, which should correctly correspond to the second part of the sentence "continue to become shorter".

.. It would keep getting shorter as machines were replacing the human labors.

I think continuous is required in here. (left with the options A and E)

A is awkward.
I will go with E.

In E

"Human labor being replaced by machines" is modifying "there" (location could be city, town , etc). Any opinions on it? Is it the correct modification. I am not sure but make some sense to me.

Please put forth your opinions.

A note on the above, this is a meaning issue (I think).

It makes total sense to say "During the Industrial Revolution, as machines replaced human labor, it was widely anticipated that the workweek would continue to become shorter."

So it's something that was widely anticipated to continue happening in the past. I think it's easy to assume that the action must be going on now.

As far as the problem itself:
B,D are out become there is not "that" to connect the the 2 clauses
A,E are out because of verb tense mismatch
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We can first consider the more evident 'modifier' issue to eliminate Options A and E. After that we can consider how the options differ in meaning to arrive at the best option!

(A) Machines replacing human labor, there was wide anticipation that
Dangling modifier – we are not sure what the introductory phrase is doing. Eliminate.

(B) When machines replaced human labor, there was wide anticipation
The use of ‘when’ suggests a particular point in time – a point when machines completely replaced human labor. This is not the intended meaning of the sentence. Eliminate.

(C) As machines replaced human labor, it was widely anticipated that
This is the best choice. The use of ‘as’ denotes a gradual ‘replacing’ that is in line with the intent of the sentence. ‘widely anticipated’ is idiomatic.

(D) Insofar as machines replaced human labor, it was widely anticipated
The use of ‘insofar’ is incorrect here. It usually means ‘to an extent’. This is not the intended meaning. Eliminate.

(E) Human labor being replaced by machines, there was wide anticipation that
Modifier issue as Option A. Eliminate.

Hope this helps!
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Hello from the GMAT Club VerbalBot!

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