1. The primary purpose of the passage is to provide an answer to which on of the following questions?(A) How should the legal protection of Native American burial grounds be enhanced?
(B) What characteristics of Native American burial grounds enhance their chances for protection by the law?
(C) In what ways does the law protect the rights of Native Americans in regard to the contents of ancestral graves?
(D) Why are the courts concerned with protecting Native American burial grounds from desecration?
(E) By what means can Native Americans establish their rights to land on which their ancestors are buried?
2. It can be inferred that a court would be most likely to deny standing in a disinterment case to which one of the following Native American plaintiffs?(A) one who seeks, as one of several beneficiaries of his father’s estate, to protect the father’s burial site
(B) one who seeks to prevent tenants on her land from taking artifacts from a grave located on the property
(C) one who represents a tribe whose members hope to prevent the disinterment of remains from a distant location from which the tribe recently moved
(D) one who seeks to have artifacts that have been removed from a grave determined to be that of her second cousin returned to the grave
(E) one who seeks the return of artifacts taken from the ancient burial grounds of disparate tribes and now displayed in a museum
3. According to the passage, which one of the following is true of cases involving ancient graves?(A) Once a plaintiff’s standing has been established, such cases are usually more difficult to resolve than are cases involving more recent graves.
(B) The distinction between individual and communal property is usually an issue in such cases.
(C) Even when a plaintiff’s standing has been established, property law cannot be used as a basis for the claims of Native Americans in most such cases.
(D) In most such cases, common law does not currently provide a clear basis for establishing that Native Americans have standing.
(E) Common law is rarely used as a basis for the claims of Native Americans who have established standing in such cases.
4. The passage suggests that in making the ruling in Carrier v. Bell the Court is most likely to have considered the answer to which one of the following questions?(A) Are the descendants of the deceased still alive?
(B) What was the reason for burying the objects in question?
(C) How long after interment had buried objects been claimed by a stranger?
(D) Did the descendants of the deceased remain in the neighborhood of the cemetery?
(E) Could the property on which buried objects were found be legally considered to be abandoned property?
5. The author uses the second paragraph to(A) illustrate the contention that common law may support the claims of Native Americans to the contents of ancestral graves
(B) exemplify the difficulties that Native Americans are likely to encounter in claiming ancestral remains
(C) introduce a discussion of the distinction between individual and communal property
(D) confirm the contention that cases involving ancient graves present unresolved legal problems
(E) suggest that property law is applicable in most disinterment cases.
6. Which one of the following best expresses the main idea of the passage?(A) Prior to an appellate court’s ruling in Carrier vs. Bell, Native Americans had no legal grounds for demanding the return of artifacts excavated from ancient graves.
(B) Property law offers the most promising remedies to Native Americans seeking to recover communally owned artifacts that were sold to museums without tribal authorization.
(C) The older the grave, the more difficult it is for Native Americans to establish standing in cases concerning the disposition of archaeologically excavated ancestral remains.
(D) In cases in which Native Americans can establish standing, common law can be useful in protecting ancestral remains and the artifacts buried with them.
(E) Native Americans are unlikely to make significant progress in the recovery of cultural property until common law is significantly expanded to provide them with standing in cases involving the excavation of ancient graves.