Most doctors recommend that pregnant women eat a nutritious diet to pr

Question

Most doctors recommend that pregnant women eat a nutritious diet to promote the health of their babies. However, most babies who are born to women who ate nutritious diets while pregnant still develop at least one medical problem in their first year.

Which one of the following, if true, does most to resolve the apparent discrepancy in the information above?

(A) Women who regularly eat a nutritious diet while pregnant tend to eat a nutritious diet while breast-feeding.

(B) Most of the babies born to women who did not eat nutritious diet while pregnant develop no serious medical problems later in childhood.

(C) Babies of women who did not eat nutritious diets while pregnant tend to have more medical problems in their first year than do other babies.

(D) Medical problems that develop in the first year of life tend to be more serious than those that develop later in childhood.

(E) Many of the physicians who initially recommended that pregnant women consume nutritious diets have only recently reaffirmed their recommendation.

Gnpth · Answer

We need to select a new information, where both the statement in the argument will be true, without contradicting each other.

Lets do the POE to arrive at the answer,

(A) Women who regularly eat a nutritious diet while pregnant tend to eat a nutritious diet while breast-feeding-  Unrelated- And no way it removes the paradox- So Eliminate.

(B) Most of the babies born to women who did not eat nutritious diets while pregnant develop no serious medical problems later in childhood-  It Contradicts the statement- So Eliminate.

(C) Babies of women who did not eat nutritious diets while pregnant tend to have more medical problems in their first year than do other babies-  This new information correctly resolves the paradox- Babies of women who don't eat nutritious diet, have more medical problems than those the babies of women who have nutritious diet. So Hold.

(D) Medical problems that develop in the first year of life tend to be more serious than those that develop later in childhood-  Out of Scope- We don't need to look at the seriousness of the problems.

(E) Many of the physicians who initially recommended that pregnant women consume nutritious diets have only recently reaffirmed their recommendation-  Same as D .

So the correct answer is C.

hellosanthosh2k2 · Answer

Hi One question,

Option C tells about babies of women who did not have more nutritious food. But it does not explain why babies of women who had more nutritious food have medical problem during first year.

Please help.

shashankism · Answer

Breakup : 1. Most doctors recommend that pregnant women eat a nutritious diet to promote the health of their babies. 
2. However, most babies who are born to women who ate nutritious diets while pregnant still develop at least one medical problem in their first year.

So we need to think that why even after taking a nutritious diet by the pregnant ladies, the new born is developing one medical problem in 1st year. 
a.) It might be the case that the babies born to pregnant ladies who were not taking nutritious diet might be having more medical problems in 1st year.
b.) The ladies who were taking nutritious diet during pregnancy must have left taking nutritious diet after baby was born (during breast feeding).

(A) Women who regularly eat a nutritious diet while pregnant tend to eat a nutritious diet while breast-feeding. 
If they tend to eat a nutritious diet while breast feeding, the babies must not develop any issues. This doesn't resolve discrepancy.

(B) Most of the babies born to women who did not eat nutritious diets while pregnant develop no serious medical problems later in childhood. 
This again doesn't resolve discrepancy as if the babies of the the women who did not took nutritious diet are still healthy , we can;t see any relevance of nutritious diet.

(C) Babies of women who did not eat nutritious diets while pregnant tend to have more medical problems in their first year than do other babies. 
Yes this is correct. So the babies of the the women who did not took nutritious diet are having more medical problems in the first year. And if the ladies take nutritious food, the medical problems tens to decrease and reduce upto and average of 1.

(D) Medical problems that develop in the first year of life tend to be more serious than those that develop later in childhood. 
The argument doesn't have to do anything with the seriousness of the medical problem in later years.

(E) Many of the physicians who initially recommended that pregnant women consume nutritious diets have only recently reaffirmed their recommendation. 
This strengthens the argument a little bit but doesn't resolve the discrepancy. It instead creates a mystery.

susheelh · Answer

Hello  hellosanthosh2k2 ,

My two cents here.

Firstly, this is a 'Resolve Paradox' type of question. Secondly, note what the stem says - 'Which one of the following, if true'. This means we have to consider the facts given in the options as true and then resolve the apparent Paradox in the question. Plainly put, we can say that 'outside information' from the answer choices can be used to resolve the Paradox in the question.

The paradox here is - Even though the women follow doctors advice, their babies have at least one medical problem. Then, why should the women follow the doctor's advice?

Note the words used in the question - 'Nutritious diet will promote the health of the babies'. This implies that nutritious food will not make the babies perfectly healthy, just make them healthier.

Answer choice C does the trick for us here. It brings in new information that will help us resolve the paradox. It says 'Babies of women who did not eat nutritious diets while pregnant tend to have more medical problems in their first year than do other babies'. This shows that shows that if a mother does not eat nutritious food the baby will be less healthy. This resolves our paradox.

egmat · Answer

Thought Process:

Question Type: Resolve Paradox.

Passage analysis.

The passage states a recommendation by most doctors for a purpose.
 Recommendation:  All pregnant women should eat a nutritious diet
 Purpose:  To promote the health of their babies.
An  observation  follows:
More than 50% of babies born to women who had a nutritious diet while pregnant still are affected by at least one medical problem in their first year.

Paradox:  The recommendation promotes the babies' heath but most of those babies whose mothers followed the instruction still developed at least one medical issue as an infant.

Possible Resolutions:

1. Most babies whose mothers had a nutritious diet while pregnant developed lesser medical issues compared to the other group. So they were comparatively healthier. Hence the recommendation still holds.

2.Most mothers switch back to unhealthy lifestyle options once the baby is born, cancelling out many beneficial effects the nutritious diet may have contributed to the baby. Here the recommendation is not a standalone statement and has to be followed along with other recommendations as well. If others were not followed that affects the result of the given recommendation. Thus, it can provide an explanation for infant medical issues faced by this group.

3. The effect of better nutrition during pregnancy shows up only after the first year of life of the baby. In that case also, medical issues during the first year will not be counted as a discrepancy.

Option Analysis

(A) Women who regularly eat a nutritious diet while pregnant tend to eat a nutritious diet while breast-feeding.
 This cannot explain medical issues of the baby.

(B) Most of the babies born to women who did not eat nutritious diet while pregnant develop no serious medical problems later in childhood.
 This statement does not talk about the first year of life, but later childhood. We do not know how the babies of women who had nutritious diets while pregnant fared during that period.

(C) Babies of women who did not eat nutritious diets while pregnant tend to have more medical problems in their first year than do other babies. 
 This statement is in line with our prethought solution #1. Hence it forms the right answer.

(D) Medical problems that develop in the first year of life tend to be more serious than those that develop later in childhood.
 This does not address the paradox.

(E) Many of the physicians who initially recommended that pregnant women consume nutritious diets have only recently reaffirmed their recommendation.
 This does not address the discrepancy. If anything, it adds to the discrepancy by affirming that the recommendation is correct.

unraveled · Answer

Most doctors recommend that pregnant women eat a nutritious diet to promote the health of their babies. However, most babies who are born to women who ate nutritious diets while pregnant  still develop at least one medical problem in their first year .

Which one of the following, if true, does most to resolve the apparent discrepancy in the information above?

The highlighted text is the most important part of the passage. Why author used the word 'still'? Is 'one' medical problem in the first year big a an issue?

(A) Women who regularly eat a nutritious diet while pregnant tend to eat a nutritious diet while breast-feeding. - WRONG.

(B) Most of the babies born to women  who did not eat nutritious diet  while pregnant develop no serious medical problems later in childhood. - WRONG. Irrelevant, however, it rather makes things more complex.

(C) Babies of women who did not eat nutritious diets while pregnant  tend to have more medical problems in their first year  than do other babies. - CORRECT. It might look irrelevant but the comparison it does safeguards it. Without the comparison this stand no chance. POE helps here.

(D) Medical problems that develop in the first year of life tend to be more serious than those that develop later in childhood. - WRONG. Irrelevant.

(E) Many of the physicians who initially recommended that pregnant women consume nutritious diets have only  recently reaffirmed  their recommendation. - WRONG. How recently? By saying so it gives another direction to the passage instead of resolving the paradox. However, it does creates a confusion.

Answer C.

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Most doctors recommend that pregnant women eat a nutritious diet to pr

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