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655-705 (Hard)|   Business|   Long Passage|                  
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GMAT Focus 1: 745 Q86 V90 DI85
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Hi, thank you for this explanation. The first paragraph does provide some numbers on productivity so won't that count as showing the "effect" in quantitative terms?
GMATNinja

Question 5


Saasingh
Any explanation for Q5 ? Didn't find any in above comments.

I was confused between D and E. Even though I chose right, but I ain't sure how to reject D as it seems pretty close too.
Let’s think about the author’s purpose throughout the first paragraph:

  • First, the author introduces IT and describes the typical pro-IT approach in pre-1990 literature.
  • Then, he/she describes an alternative, less-optimistic view (anti-IT) on the impact of IT and gives an example.
  • Finally, the author describes the response of the pro-IT group to the anti-IT group.

With that in mind, the question asks that we identify an answer choice describing the content of the first paragraph. Here’s (D):

Quote:
(D) It demonstrates the effect IT has had on productivity.
The biggest problem with (D) is that the first paragraph does NOT demonstrate the effect of IT on productivity. Rather, it debates the effect of IT on productivity. For the paragraph to demonstrate IT’s effect on productivity, it would have to show what effect IT has. But the paragraph does not show the impact of IT. Instead, it introduces a debate on what impact IT has had. This is different than actually demonstrating or showing the impact. And the first paragraph does not show what impact IT ACTUALLY had. It merely discusses what effect IT MAY have had. Eliminate (D).

I hope that helps!
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To call something an effect of something else, we have to know that there is a causal relation between the two things. However, the whole point of paragraph one is that we don't know whether the weak gains in productivity that the passage cites are because of IT or not. The passage is raising the question: did IT cause growth to slow down, or did it prevent growth from dropping? In fact, did it have any causal relationship to growth in productivity at all? The point here is that we can't tell from the numbers, so we can't call this an "effect" of IT, any more than we can call it an "effect" of my birth in the 1970s. :cool:
soumyab12
Hi, thank you for this explanation. The first paragraph does provide some numbers on productivity so won't that count as showing the "effect" in quantitative terms?
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Bunuel

This question is also available in Verbal Review 2025-26. You can add that tag too.
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Bunuel

This question is also available in Verbal Review 2025-26. You can add that tag too.

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Added the tag. Thank you!
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