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vinayparkash
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Responding to the public’s fascination with―and sometimes undue alarm 14 May 2023, 02:57
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TommyWallach
Hey All,

I got asked to take this one on by private message, so here I am! This one has me a bit confused. I don't see how the OA can be C. Where is this question from?

Responding to the public’s fascination with-and sometimes undue alarm over-possible threats from asteroids, a scale developed by astronomers rates the likelihood that a particular asteroid or comet may collide with Earth.

A. a scale developed by astronomers rates the likelihood that a particular asteroid or comet may
PROBLEM: "Responding to..." is a participial phrase modifying a noun, so the noun has to come right after the comma. The astronomers responded, not the scale.

B. a scale that astronomers have developed rates how likely it is for a particular asteroid or comet to
PROBLEM: Same as above.

C. astronomers have developed a scale to rate how likely a particular asteroid or comet will be to
PROBLEM: You can't say "likely...will be to". It's gibberish. Your ear would recognize that if there weren't all those words in between, confusing things. Try a short example. You should always be able to replace "likely" with "probably".

My program determines how likely you will be to love me.
My program determines how probably you will be to love me...MAKES NO SENSE!

D. astronomers have developed a scale for rating the likelihood that a particular asteroid or comet will
ANSWER

E. astronomers have developed a scale that rates the likelihood of a particular asteroid or comet that may
PROBLEM: You can't have a likelihood of something that may happen. It's the likelihood that something WILL happen.

Hope that helps!

-t
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Both options C & D are grammatically correct and convey the same meaning, but the option D (astronomers have developed a scale for rating the likelihood that a particular asteroid or comet will collide with Earth) is slightly more specific in its wording, as it clarifies that the scale is intended to rate the likelihood of a collision.
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Responding to the public’s fascination with―and sometimes undue alarm 21 Sep 2023, 23:51
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goalsnr
Responding to the public’s fascination with―and sometimes undue alarm over―possible threats from asteroids, a scale developed by astronomers rates the likelihood that a particular asteroid or comet may collide with Earth.


(A) a scale developed by astronomers rates the likelihood that a particular asteroid or comet may

(B) a scale that astronomers have developed rates how likely it is for a particular asteroid or comet to

(C) astronomers have developed a scale to rate how likely a particular asteroid or comet will be to

(D) astronomers have developed a scale for rating the likelihood that a particular asteroid or comet will

(E) astronomers have developed a scale that rates the likelihood of a particular asteroid or comet that may

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Since we have 'Responding' at the start, we need to answer who is responding rather than how someone is responding, so A and B can be straight-up eliminated.
Our choices are between these three:
(C) astronomers have developed a scale to rate how likely a particular asteroid or comet will be to
(D) astronomers have developed a scale for rating the likelihood that a particular asteroid or comet will
(E) astronomers have developed a scale that rates the likelihood of a particular asteroid or comet that may

E - rates likelihood and may does not make logical sense - why are astronomers developing a scale that may not be correct? Eliminate E
Between C and D - it should be How likely.. will. Not How likely.. will be to - this may or may not be hard for non natives. But if you remove the surrounding words, it may be easier to spot the illogicality.
Hence D is correct
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Responding to the public’s fascination with―and sometimes undue alarm 28 Sep 2023, 11:41
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nivivacious

That's not quite right. We don't want "how likely . . . will." There's more than one way to use "likely," but the one you mention wouldn't work and is not what D provides. The problem with C is that it talks about assessing how likely something WILL be in the future. That creates a meaning problem that has been well summed up by my colleague Ron:

aceGMAT21


C mentions "how likely a comet/asteroid will be". Nope. The likelihood is something that exists now, not in the future. (That's the definition of "likelihood": How probable does this event seem right now?
There's no "future likelihood" here. In the future, the event either happens or doesn't happen.)

D mentions the likelihood (as measured at present) that a comet/asteroid will collide (in the future) with Earth. That makes sense.
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Responding to the public’s fascination with―and sometimes undue alarm 10 Oct 2023, 09:08
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_"Responding..."=>Only Astronomers can response to public’s fascination=>Eliminate A,B
_In E) "astronomers have developed a scale that rates ". "a scale" cannot actively "rates" anything since the verb "rate" is use only for human=>Eliminate E)
_In C) the phrase "will be to" is redundant. "will" is used to talk about a possibility in the future, and "be to" is also used to talk about a possibility in the future=>Eliminate C)
The answer is D)
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Responding to the public’s fascination with―and sometimes undue alarm 16 Nov 2023, 16:33
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Responding to the public’s fascination with―and sometimes undue alarm over―possible threats from asteroids, a scale developed by astronomers rates the likelihood that a particular asteroid or comet may collide with Earth.

Option Elimination -

(A) a scale developed by astronomers rates the likelihood that a particular asteroid or comet may - we need a noun for the ING modifier that can logically refer to who responded.

(B) a scale that astronomers have developed rates how likely it is for a particular asteroid or comet to - same as A.

(C) astronomers have developed a scale to rate how likely a particular asteroid or comet will be to - deception here is "to rate," which is correct, and so is "for rating." "how" is introduced as a relative clause, a noun modifier. Ok, let's get our hands dirty here. :)
- "Rate how likely" is redundant. Ok, let me give an example. How about if we say, "He gave a gift as a present." here, "gift" and "present" convey the same meaning. Likewise, "rate" and "how likely" mean the same. They encapsulate the notion of quantifying the chance or possibility of an event occurring on a scale or in numerical terms.
- "Will be to" is not grammatically incorrect, but it adds complexity. E.g., "She will be going to travel." The phrase "will be going to" is redundant and overly complex. In the sentence, "will be to" doesn't contribute significantly to the meaning and makes the expression convoluted.
Let's unpeel it.
The act of determination of future events is happening now and not in the future. Don't confuse the "act of determination" with "the event." The act is happening now (so will is wrong); the event itself about which we predict the likelihood is happening in the future, so the future for that is perfect. Or we can see that the scale is being used "presently" to assess the probability of a future event (asteroids colliding with Earth).

Revised version: "How likely a particular asteroid or comet is to collide with Earth." Changing "will be" to "is" makes the sentence more immediate and concise. "Is" implies the collision's current probability or likelihood rather than it (it refers to probability or likelihood) as a future event. This immediate expression makes the sentence more clear.

For instance, imagine explaining the weather forecast:

"How likely it will be to rain tomorrow" suggests a future event.
"How likely it is to rain tomorrow" presents the current probability of rain.

(D) astronomers have developed a scale for rating the likelihood that a particular asteroid or comet will - Let's unpack it. Add it to your brain trust "for rating" is ok. Don't even reject based on idiom. There are thousands of idioms, so whether you are native or non-native, there is a high probability that you may experience googly :). So now, let's talk about the elephant in the room.
- "Rating the likelihood" is correct. Let me explain mathematically to make more sense for you. Imagine statisticians develop a scale to rate the likelihood of rolling a six on a fair six-sided die. Let's take "rate the likelihood." Imagine two scenarios
a. If the statisticians "rate" the likelihood of rolling a six as nine on a scale of 1 to 10, it suggests a higher probability of rolling a 6.
b. If the statisticians "rate" the likelihood of rolling a six as two on a scale of 1 to 10, it suggests a lower probability of rolling a 6.

They developed the scale "to rate" or "for rating" the likelihood on a scale of 1 to 10. The "relative clause," which modifies nouns, modifies likelihood. The relative clause beautifully encapsulates the future event using "will."

(E) astronomers have developed a scale that rates the likelihood of a particular asteroid or comet that may - here, the critical issue is a prepositional phrase " of a particular asteroid." Likelihood of an asteroid. Seriously? Not correct.

I hope it helps. :)
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Responding to the public’s fascination with―and sometimes undue alarm 15 Mar 2025, 23:40
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