varun325 wrote:
SajjadAhmadPlease provide the explanations for question No.2 & 4
1. According to the passage, termination in California was
a. opposed by state lawmakers in California ( the law 280 was opposed by the states not the termination) INCORRECT
b. originally supported by some California Indians without a tribal land base. Correct
Refer to the text in para 2 " At the time, a significant number of Native Californians did not live on tribal land, so for the promise of per capita distributions, many initially supported termination "
c. one method for California Indians to access jobs in law enforcement OUT OF CONTEXT. To provide Jobs is not at mentioned in the passage. It was mentioned that general services, such as improved sanitation, water, education, and roads, to be delivered by the federal government.
d. challenged by the state under Public Law 280. This Law was apposed by states and tribal people.
e. a source of federal income that the state could spend on increased local law enforcement. Termination is not source of income and law enforcement in tribal constituencies was an issue faced by California law makers because of no additional funding. This option is a mixture of two different parts of the passage.
3. Which of the following best describes the relationship of the final paragraph to the passage as a whole?
Main idea of the passage can be drawn in simple words as , The termination was not a smart move and it created problems for the states and the native tribes.
Last passage states an issue faced by the California state and the tribal communities under it while implementing the enforcement laws.
a. The main idea is reinforced by the inclusion of additional evidence. ( correct)b. The main idea is summarized and a transition to a new topic is given. Nothing new is discussed .
c. The main idea is restated in contrast to a contradictory opinion.There is no contradictory opinion in the passage the author maintains its stand that the termination is not beneficial.
d. Exceptions to the main idea are critiqued and dismissed. No exceptions are pointed out. An example in line with the main idea of the passage is stated.
e. Local history is included to show that the main idea does not apply in every case. First is correct but the second part of the option is incorrect
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2. Which of the following words best expresses the opinion of the author concerning the welfare of Indians after termination?
Passage analysis: The author talks about a policy, which supposed to help native Americans but in reality it had lasting negative impact. In the second and third paras, author gives details about the negative impact - how they lost land, and the worse part is they lost the autonomy. I think we need to find how the author felt about the welfare of Indians after the termination.
a. self-determination -
not correct, passage says 'the government sought to enhance individual and tribal “self-determination,”'. The author of the passage says that this self-determination did not happen for tribals. But, this is not author's opinion.b. failure -
not correct, author says that after the termination policy, the situation became worse for tribals - first they lost land, and then lost autonomy. I thought about this choice this way 'tribals welfare after termination failed ?' or 'tribals welfare after termination worsened ? From the third para 'Perhaps worse than the unkept promises of material improvements was the loss of autonomy', so I thought author's opinion was not 'failure' concerning the welfare of Indian tribes. c. unique -
not correct, the author doesn't say that the problems faced by Indian tribals are 'unique' d. worse -
correct, I think the author wants to say that 'welfare of Indian tribes after the termination policy is worsened', my reasoning is from third para 'Perhaps worse than the unkept promises of material improvements was the loss of autonomy tribes suffered with termination’s shifting laws and responsibilities.'e. disinclined -
not correct, termination policy supposed to help Indian tribals, but did not help and moreover worsened the situation. So, the author would not say 'welfare of Indian tribes after termination disinclined'------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4. Which of the following statements does the author imply about termination as it is discussed in the second paragraph?
a. Its intent to create law enforcement jobs on California tribal lands would reduce crime there -
not correct, no discussion of reducing crime in tribal landsb. Its plan to improve roadways and water systems was stymied by state interference -
not correct, no discussion of state interference in second para. However, second para says that 'However, in many communities, the promised improvements never materialized.', but we don't know the reasons for not having improvements.c. Its failure to implement infrastructure provisions worsened Native California economies -
correct, passage says 'At the time, a significant number of Native Californians did not live on tribal land', and these people never got the land and infrastructure, which they supposed to get after the termination policy. So, we can say that their situation worsened after the termination policy because the promises were not kept.d. Its ultimate conditions were deemed satisfactory by the California Indians who did not live on tribal lands -
not correct, passage says 'At the time, a significant number of Native Californians did not live on tribal land, so for the promise of per capita distributions, many initially supported termination.' So, we can't infer that this termination policy's conditions were satisfying to California Indians conditions.e. Its plan to only allocate lands to those Indians who did not live on tribal land violated state law -
not correct, no discussion of violating the state law