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705-805 Level|   Logical Flaw|   Weaken|         
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Elite097
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Some theorists and critics insist that no aesthetic evaluation of a wo 06 Nov 2022, 01:08
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avigutman pls explain D in detail . My interpretation is: Tells us that an output (here work of art) is an evidence of the intention to produce it. If this intention is driven by the artist's cultural background . Is this correct also pls tell why it is wrong
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Some theorists and critics insist that no aesthetic evaluation of a wo 06 Nov 2022, 15:58
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Elite097
avigutman pls explain D in detail . My interpretation is: Tells us that an output (here work of art) is an evidence of the intention to produce it. If this intention is driven by the artist's cultural background . Is this correct also pls tell why it is wrong
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I boldfaced above the part that has no justification, Elite097. Why are you tying intention to produce and cultural background together?
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Some theorists and critics insist that no aesthetic evaluation of a wo 23 Jan 2023, 21:35
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The question is simply to answer if you understand the structure of the prompt.
In essence it is

Author: What some critics think is incorrect. What I think is correct.
Evaluators of the argument: But why is what you think correct?
Author: What I think is correct!!!!

In the prompt the author provides no reason for the evaluator to believe in what the author thinks is correct.

Option A says the exact same thing - the author presupposes the conclusion of the argument and thus has no argument.
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Some theorists and critics insist that no aesthetic evaluation of a wo 10 Jun 2024, 21:00
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­The argument presented is most vulnerable to the following objection:A. The argument presupposes the conclusion for which it purports to provide evidence.

This objection points out that the argument is circular. It starts with the assertion that no aesthetic evaluation is sound if it excludes the cultural background of the artist, and concludes that the only sound aesthetic evaluations are those that include such cultural factors. Essentially, the argument assumes as a premise what it is trying to prove in the conclusion, which is a form of circular reasoning.
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Some theorists and critics insist that no aesthetic evaluation of a wo 13 Jun 2024, 02:09
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gmatt1476
Some theorists and critics insist that no aesthetic evaluation of a work of art is sound if it is based even in part on data about the cultural background of the artist. This opinion is clearly false. The only sound aesthetic evaluations of artists' works are those that take into account factors such as the era and the place of the artists' births, their upbringing and education, and the values of their societies—in sum, those factors that are part of their cultural background.

The above argument is most vulnerable to which of the following objections?

A. The argument presupposes the conclusion for which it purports to provide evidence.
B. The argument cites evidence that undermines rather than supports the conclusion.
C. The argument draws its conclusion by means of an equivocal interpretation of key terms.
D. The argument assumes that the production of an effect is evidence of an intention to produce that effect.
E. The argument assumes that evaluative disputes can be resolved by citing factual evidence.


CR70870.01
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­
Context: Some theorists and critics insist that no aesthetic evaluation of a work of art is sound if it is based even in part on data about the cultural background of the artist.

Premise:  The only sound aesthetic evaluations of artists' works are those that take into account factors such as the era and the place of the artists' births, their upbringing and education, and the values of their societies—in sum, those factors that are part of their cultural background.

Conclusion: The opinion or theorists and critics is clearly false.

What support does the author give for his conclusion? None except for saying that 'this is just so'.

Take a simpler example:

People say that apples are sweet. They are wrong. Apples are not sweet.

Did the author give any data to support his conclusion. No. His data was "Apples are not sweet" but that is what he had set out to prove in the first place. Hence, this is a flaw in the reasoning and this flaw is called circular reasoning. He should have instead said that no sucrose is found in apples or something to that effect. The original argument has the exact same flaw. 

The argument is simply:

Some say that 'no evaluation is sound if it is based even in part on data about the cultural background of the artist.'
This is clearly false. The only sound evaluations are those that take into account those factors that are part of artists' cultural background.

A. The argument presupposes the conclusion for which it purports to provide evidence.

Correct. It presupposes what it wants to establish. There is no data given to establish it. 

B. The argument cites evidence that undermines rather than supports the conclusion.

No evidence has been cited. No facts has been given.

C. The argument draws its conclusion by means of an equivocal interpretation of key terms.

'Equivocal interpretation' means 'questionable interpretation' ('unequivocally' is used often and means 'clearly', 'having only one meaning'). There are no different interpretations of any key terms in this argument. 

D. The argument assumes that the production of an effect is evidence of an intention to produce that effect.

Given to confuse us. 'Production of an effect' has no meaning in this argument. 

E. The argument assumes that evaluative disputes can be resolved by citing factual evidence.

The argument cites no factual evidence and doesn't assume that disputes can be resolved by citing factual evidence.

Answer A

Discussion on Flaw in Reasoning: https://youtu.be/3s0tWn3tiT8
 
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Some theorists and critics insist that no aesthetic evaluation of a wo 29 Oct 2025, 04:54
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I took option C to mean that the author has a different interpretation of cultural background than the one stated by the theorists. Because the theorists based this in part on data about the cultural background. The author cites his examples of cultural background, which may or may not be what the critics included.

How do we prove this option is incorrect? Please help.
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