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555-605 (Medium)|   Idioms/Diction/Redundancy|   Verb Tense/Form|                     
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Chitra657
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State officials report that soaring rates of liability insurance have risen to force cutbacks in the operations of everything from local governments and school districts to day-care centers and recreational facilities.


(A) rates of liability insurance have risen to force

(B) rates of liability insurance are a force for

(C) rates for liability insurance are forcing

(D) rises in liability insurance rates are forcing

(E) liability insurance rates have risen to force


https://www.nytimes.com/1986/02/20/nyregion/liability-insurance-a-growing-crisis.html

Soaring increases in liability-insurance rates are affecting thousands of residents of New York and other states, forcing cutbacks in the operations of everything from school districts and local governments to bowling alleys and day-care centers.

The RATES FOR bus tickets are good for commuters. (= prices)
The RATE OF theft has fallen. (= frequency or speed)

OA is C. because Rates for is the idiomatic usage.

Are Options A&B wrong only for the reason they are using "rates of"
is there any other flaw in these options plz explain y other options are wrong.

In C) "rates....are forcing"
Isnt this structure a bit weird? Rates are not living things, they cant force someone or something. That's the only reason I eliminated C, because that felt a shady

AndrewN VeritasKarishma GMATNinja pls help

Chitra657 - We routinely use action verbs with non living things.
The laws of this country do not allow ...
The house sits on top of a mountain ...
Rising inflation is forcing people to ...

Don't worry about taking a more literal stand in GMAT. The language accepts these constructions so there is no reason why GMAT will not.
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Sneha2021
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Hi Karishma,
Why present tense is incorrect in B?
"State officials report" - This statement is in present tense. Why shift in verb (present tense to progressive) in C is correct?
How to decide whether tense shift is correct?

Sneha2021 - We use simple present for stating facts or habits.

He is a force to be reckoned with.
I walk 10 miles every day.

Also, in our original sentence "force" needs to act as a verb. A is forcing B. ("is forcing" is a verb). Soaring rates are forcing cutbacks (organisations are forced to cutback on their expense)

In option (B), "a force" is a noun.
"Soaring rates are a force for cutbacks" is meaningless. Soaring rates are not a force. They are forcing cutbacks in organisations.
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