Bambi2021 wrote:
TANYA27 wrote:
My explanation among had struggled, struggled and has struggled i would choose struggled because two events are described here predicted and struggled...The scientist had predicted earlier so the other verb will take the simple tense struggled so we will come down to b and e.Between b and e which is pointing out to deer and the modifier use in b is not clear and ambigous so eliminate b.E is the correct answer.Give kudos if u like my explanation.
The bolded part is not at all clear to me. Its not indicated the struggle is actually over and belongs to the past. The scientists "had not predicted" a struggle, a prediction that is now part of the passed. This means that today the scientists have realised that the deer struggled, or will continue to struggle. Nowhere do we get an indication that the struggle is over. The past tense "struggled" is not totally justified here.
Posted from my mobile deviceSince "have struggled" does not appear in any of the options, we don't have to worry about that possibility at all! And we know that "deer" is plural (because of the pronoun "
them" in "would enable
them to thrive"), so the singular verbs in (A) and (D) won't work.
Our only remaining options are past perfect ("had struggled") and simple past ("struggled"). The past perfect wouldn't work here, since we already have the past perfect form "that wildlife biologists
had predicted." The act of struggling logically comes AFTER the act of predicting, so we don't want those two actions happening at the same time. By using past perfect for the act of predicting and simple past for the act of struggling, it is clear that the prediction came before the struggles -- and that makes perfect sense.
So the simple past is really the only viable option here. Sure, present perfect ("have struggled") could also work, but there's absolutely no reason why we can't put "struggled" in the past -- maybe the deer finally DID acclimate to their new habitat after struggling for a while? Or maybe the deer tried to acclimate, failed, and are no longer trying to acclimate?
The struggle could certainly be over, so simple past is just fine. True, aside from the verb tense itself, there is no indication that the struggling is over, but likewise there is no indication that the struggling is still going on!
Either would work, and since simple past ("struggled") is the only option, we're stuck with it.
I hope that helps!
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