krittapat
GMATNinja karishmaBmikemcgarryCould you please explain why option C is better than option A?
What makes option A wrong here?
I chose A because it follows subjunctive mood.
The parallelism in (A) creates an illogical meaning. Take another look:
Quote:
The Eastern State Penitentiary was established in 1822 by reformers advocating that prisoners be held in solitary confinement and hard labor so as to reform them.
Here, the parallel elements are "solitary confinement" and "hard labor," making it seems as though prisoners are held
in solitary confinement and held
in hard labor. You can
do hard labor. You can
recommend hard labor. But
held in hard labor? Nah.
Contrast that with (C):
Quote:
The Eastern State Penitentiary was established in 1822 by reformers advocating solitary confinement and hard labor as the means to reform prisoners.
Notice that the same two elements are parallel, but now the both are preceded by "advocating," so the reformers were
advocating solitary confinement and
advocating hard labor. That makes way more sense.
Because (C) creates a more logical meaning than (A), it's a better answer. Simple as that.
I hope that helps!
Thank you for this helpful explanation. I am hoping to clarify with you on the discussion of the "them" being a vague pronoun in Choice A.
This is INCORRECT because it uses a vague pronoun! It’s unclear in the sentence if the pronoun “them” is referring to the prisoners reforming themselves, or if the prisoners are reforming the reformers.
I remember your very helpful lesson on the word "they" in that if "they" appears after a subject, it must logically refer back to the subject. Why doesn't "them" work similar to "they" in that it refers back to the closest subject... the "prisoners" in Choice A?
Thank you for all of your help.