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The Greek philosopher Heraclitus believed that the sun was far smaller and far closer to the Earth than is actually the case.

A) was far smaller and far closer to the Earth than is actually the case

B) was far smaller and far closer to the Earth than it is actually the case

No logical antecedent for pronoun "it" INCORRECT

C) was far smaller and far closer to the Earth than they actually are

No antecedent for pronoun "they" INCORRECT

D) to be far smaller and far closer to the Earth than is actually the case

"believed" is an indicative mood. Hence the use of subjunctive "to be" is INCORRECT

E) to be far smaller and far closer to the Earth than it actually is

"believed" is an indicative mood. Hence the use of subjunctive "to be" is INCORRECT

Hence option A
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How I figured the correct choice is explained below.

believed that the sun.(Underlined part).
Here that clause demand verb. so D and E is clearly out.
In C, "they" is wrong pronoun here.
In B, "it" is ambiguous pronoun.
A is clear and error free.
A is answer.
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sudarshan22
+1 for A.

A) was far smaller and far closer to the Earth than is actually the case --> Correct, rectifies diction error, and has no pronoun ambiguity
B) was far smaller and far closer to the Earth than it is actually the case
C) was far smaller and far closer to the Earth than they actually are
D) to be far smaller and far closer to the Earth than is actually the case
E) to be far smaller and far closer to the Earth than it actually is

Hence, A.

What is the problem with 'it' in B and E ?
It cannot refer to Earth or the philosopher from the meaning of the sentence, leaving the only antecedent possible as Sun.

Or am I wrong here.
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workout
The Greek philosopher Heraclitus believed that the sun was far smaller and far closer to the Earth than is actually the case.

A) was far smaller and far closer to the Earth than is actually the case

B) was far smaller and far closer to the Earth than it is actually the case

No logical antecedent for pronoun "it" INCORRECT

C) was far smaller and far closer to the Earth than they actually are

No antecedent for pronoun "they" INCORRECT

D) to be far smaller and far closer to the Earth than is actually the case

"believed" is an indicative mood. Hence the use of subjunctive "to be" is INCORRECT

E) to be far smaller and far closer to the Earth than it actually is

"believed" is an indicative mood. Hence the use of subjunctive "to be" is INCORRECT

Hence option A

Hi workout,

Here is a small query.As per my understanding , in case of subjunctive, we need to use bare form of verb i.e. only be .

No requirement of "to". Is my understanding correct?? If yes , what might be other reasons to eliminate d and e ?? Will it be a use of believed to be ??
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dimmak
The Greek philosopher Heraclitus believed that the sun was far smaller and far closer to the Earth than is actually the case.

A) was far smaller and far closer to the Earth than is actually the case
B) was far smaller and far closer to the Earth than it is actually the case
C) was far smaller and far closer to the Earth than they actually are
D) to be far smaller and far closer to the Earth than is actually the case
E) to be far smaller and far closer to the Earth than it actually is


I believe A is correct:

A) was far smaller and far closer to the Earth than is actually the case. Correct.
B) was far smaller and far closer to the Earth than it is actually the case. Incorrect. If you switch 'it' with 'the sun', it does not work correctly.
C) was far smaller and far closer to the Earth than they actually are. Incorrect. The sun is singular.
D) to be far smaller and far closer to the Earth than is actually the case. Incorrect. For 'to be' to work the .."that the sun", word that would have to be removed.
E) to be far smaller and far closer to the Earth than it actually is. Incorrect. Same as D.
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