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03 Sep 2021, 07:30
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A
Be sure to select an answer first to save it in the Error Log before revealing the correct answer (OA)!
Difficulty:
35%
(medium)
Question Stats:
67% (01:16) correct
33%
(01:34)
wrong
based on 67
sessions
History
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Result
Not Attempted Yet
The introduction of high-fructose corn syrup as a sweetener in the food industry in the 1970s is responsible for the extraordinary number of empty calories that the average American consumes daily.
A. is responsible for the extraordinary number of empty calories that the average American consumes
B. was responsible for the extraordinary number of empty calories that the average American consumes
C. is responsible for the extraordinary amounts of empty calories that the average American is consuming
D. has been responsible for the extraordinary number of empty calories that the average American consumed
E. is responsible for the extraordinary number of empty calories that the average American consume
A. is responsible for the extraordinary number of empty calories that the average American consumes
B. was responsible for the extraordinary number of empty calories that the average American consumes
C. is responsible for the extraordinary amounts of empty calories that the average American is consuming
D. has been responsible for the extraordinary number of empty calories that the average American consumed
E. is responsible for the extraordinary number of empty calories that the average American consume
04 Sep 2021, 09:50
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A. is responsible for the extraordinary number of empty calories that the average American consumes....................looks fine
B. was responsible for the extraordinary number of empty calories that the average American consumes.............Tense issue.
C. is responsible for the extraordinary amounts of empty calories that the average American is consuming...............Present simple tense should be used
D. has been responsible for the extraordinary number of empty calories that the average American consumed........................Tense issue
E. is responsible for the extraordinary number of empty calories that the average American consume..................S-V Issue. Average American is a singular subject.
IMO OA should be A
B. was responsible for the extraordinary number of empty calories that the average American consumes.............Tense issue.
C. is responsible for the extraordinary amounts of empty calories that the average American is consuming...............Present simple tense should be used
D. has been responsible for the extraordinary number of empty calories that the average American consumed........................Tense issue
E. is responsible for the extraordinary number of empty calories that the average American consume..................S-V Issue. Average American is a singular subject.
IMO OA should be A
05 Sep 2021, 07:30
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OFFICIAL EXPLANATION
The introduction of high-fructose corn syrup as a sweetener in the food industry in the 1970s is responsible for the extraordinary number of empty calories that the average American consumes daily.
A. is responsible for the extraordinary number of empty calories that the average American consumes
This answer choice correctly uses the Present tense in the verbs is and consumes to describe a fact or generalization.
Note that the fact that the high fructose corn syrup was introduced in the past does not necessarily affect the sentence's tense. The introduction in the past is still responsible for the current situation.
B. was responsible for the extraordinary number of empty calories that the average American consumes
Incorrect.
This answer choice is grammatically incorrect and illogical.
The sentence is anchored in the Past by the past tense verb was. By default, this sentence should remain in the Past tense. The verb consumes, however, is in the Present. Logically, the introduction was responsible to what happened in the past, OR is responsible for something that is happening in the present, but it would be illogical to mix the two.
Remember our rule:
- Once in the Past, always in the Past.
C. is responsible for the extraordinary amounts of empty calories that the average American is consuming
Incorrect.
This answer choice is grammatically incorrect. It uses the Present Progressive (is consuming), which is a tense used to denote an action that is in progress at present. However, this does not agree with the phrase daily, which indicates the use of the Present Simple -- the tense used to denote an action that takes place at a certain frequency as well as facts and generalizations.
D. has been responsible for the extraordinary number of empty calories that the average American consumed
Incorrect.
This answer choice is illogical. The corrected sentence uses the Present Perfect (has been responsible) to describe the effect of the introduction of high fructose corn syrup in the 1970s as denoted by the past tense verb consumed. The Present Perfect is a tense that indicates action that still have an effect in the present. Therefore, we expect the impact of that event to be described in the Present tense.
However, the corrected sentence illogically uses the Past (consumed), placing the description of the average American's daily calorie consumption in the past, in contradiction with the phrase has been responsible.
E. is responsible for the extraordinary number of empty calories that the average American consume
Incorrect.
This answer choice is grammatically incorrect. The plural verb consume in the corrected sentence does not agree with the singular subject average American.
