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^ I disagree with your criticism of "B". the changing trend is given in the premises. If 60% very conservative when surveyed earlier, and 75% were liberals when surveyed at a later date, there has been a change in the political views of at least 15% of those in the subgroup. The fact that most members of the sub group came from politically conservative households would support the conclusion in that the conservative environment at home affected their political views until they spent more time at college and their views were affected by the new environment.

Also in the case of "C" to say that freshmen change their political views just because they develop new interests (not change interests) is quite a leap.. For example, I may decide to take up guitar lessons while in college but that has no bearing on my views on a different topic like politics.. :)
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Premise:
1, 20% of students who had middle scores have choose political neutrality
2, Then, when these students take a vacation at home, 60% of these 20% scored on conservative side of the scale.
3, When 20% of these students is sophomores, 75% of 20% scored on the liberal side of the scale.

=> conclusion: The political beliefs of college students tend to reflect their environment.


B. Most members of the subgroup came from homes that were politically conservative. => this choice only provide the information of the political background of students, not support anything relate to the changing trend of the students

C. Freshmen tend to develop new interests and objectives after their first year at college. => this choice said the freshmen tend to change their interests and objectives => Correct one

@tuanquang269

Sorry, it was my bad. The correct OA is B, but not C.

@karun0109
Thanks for pointing it out. Your analysis is perfectly valid. I have updated the OA.
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^ I disagree with your criticism of "B". the changing trend is given in the premises. If 60% very conservative when surveyed earlier, and 75% were liberals when surveyed at a later date, there has been a change in the political views of at least 15% of those in the subgroup. The fact that most members of the sub group came from politically conservative households would support the conclusion in that the conservative environment at home affected their political views until they spent more time at college and their views were affected by the new environment.

Also in the case of "C" to say that freshmen change their political views just because they develop new interests (not change interests) is quite a leap.. For example, I may decide to take up guitar lessons while in college but that has no bearing on my views on a different topic like politics.. :)

Your explanation is so great. Thanks :D
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Chembeti
When one thousand entering college freshmen were recently surveyed about their political beliefs, 20 percent scored in the middle range representing political neutrality. When this smaller subgroup was surveyed again in their parents' homes during their first vacation, 60 percent scored on the conservative side of the scale. However, when the students were sophomores, a third survey revealed that 75 percent of this same subgroup scored on the liberal side of the scale. It was concluded that the political beliefs of college students tend to reflect their environment.

Which of the following, if true, would tend to support this conclusion?

A. Freshmen are less inhibited at school than they are at home and so tend to answer questions more truthfully at school.

B. Most members of the subgroup came from homes that were politically conservative.

C. Freshmen tend to develop new interests and objectives after their first year at college.

D. Most of the freshmen who were rated as politically neutral did not perceive themselves to be neutral.

E. Most members of the original survey group scored on the politically conservative end of the spectrum.

C actually weakens the argument.
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Chembeti
When one thousand entering college freshmen were recently surveyed about their political beliefs, 20 percent scored in the middle range representing political neutrality. When this smaller subgroup was surveyed again in their parents' homes during their first vacation, 60 percent scored on the conservative side of the scale. However, when the students were sophomores, a third survey revealed that 75 percent of this same subgroup scored on the liberal side of the scale. It was concluded that the political beliefs of college students tend to reflect their environment.

Which of the following, if true, would tend to support this conclusion?

A. Freshmen are less inhibited at school than they are at home and so tend to answer questions more truthfully at school.

B. Most members of the subgroup came from homes that were politically conservative.

C. Freshmen tend to develop new interests and objectives after their first year at college.

D. Most of the freshmen who were rated as politically neutral did not perceive themselves to be neutral.

E. Most members of the original survey group scored on the politically conservative end of the spectrum.

Imo B

The argument talks about the survey of political beliefs of the college students in first year and in second year. There is also a survey when the students are on vacation at their home. Now the conclusion of the argument is that students take political beliefs of their environment.

We have to strengthen the argument. We have to provide additional facts or information to strengthen the conclusion. We can strengthen the premise of assumption.

A If this is the case then the students are more liberal hence this actually weakens the argument.

B correct if is true then we know that students change their political beliefs according to their environment. So this option strengthens the argument.

C Well this may be true but we are not given any information about the beliefs. So this choice is out of scope.

D Well again is no good as the students had their innate beliefs so this choice weakens the argument.

E This does not explain the contrasting results in the sophomore year. So this choice is again not good. This choice tells that student lied about their beliefs.
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VeritasKarishma

I am not very clear with the POE. Could you please help me out on this question?
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Chembeti
When one thousand entering college freshmen were recently surveyed about their political beliefs, 20 percent scored in the middle range representing political neutrality. When this smaller subgroup was surveyed again in their parents' homes during their first vacation, 60 percent scored on the conservative side of the scale. However, when the students were sophomores, a third survey revealed that 75 percent of this same subgroup scored on the liberal side of the scale. It was concluded that the political beliefs of college students tend to reflect their environment.

Which of the following, if true, would tend to support this conclusion?



- 1000 entering freshmen were surveyed. 20% were found to be neutral. They were again surveyed during first vacation at home and 60% were conservative.
(The environment isn't much different in the two surveys. Since they are entering freshmen, their views will reflect views at home)
- In sophomore year, 75% scored on liberal side.

Conclusion: the political beliefs of college students tend to reflect their environment.

Here is the problem with this - We are not given that views at home are conservative. Once we know that, we can say with more certainty that environment has a role to play. For example, what if the students come from liberal homes? Then at home, their views are conservative which goes against our conclusion. So answer is (B)


A. Freshmen are less inhibited at school than they are at home and so tend to answer questions more truthfully at school.
Does not help our case either way.

B. Most members of the subgroup came from homes that were politically conservative.
Is the correct answer.

C. Freshmen tend to develop new interests and objectives after their first year at college.
This statement does seem to make sense but does it strengthen our conclusion? It is too vague to have any impact on "political beliefs tend to reflect environment". New interests and objectives may not have any political angle and may not lead to any change in political beliefs.

D. Most of the freshmen who were rated as politically neutral did not perceive themselves to be neutral.
The perception of people about themselves is irrelevant.

E. Most members of the original survey group scored on the politically conservative end of the spectrum.
We know that 60% scored on the conservative end at home. Since entering freshmen are expected to have similar outlook that they did during the first holidays, this option doesn't seem to be adding any value. From the argument, we would anyway expect that of the 80% who are not neutral, most would be conservative.
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The OA assumes college to be liberal.

If students come from politically conservative families, and are influenced by the environment at home, then the environment in colleges have to be liberal to make them switch to liberal side. However, it's not specified in the stem.

I am not sure if we can assume that.
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