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16 Sep 2014, 01:55
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Scientists studying climate change have found that global warming results not only in higher planetary temperatures but also in earlier springs and later autumns. While some argue that this shift is advantageous due to longer summer growing seasons, others fear that many animal species may be unable to adapt, increasing their risk of extinction.
Which of the following, if true, provides the strongest evidence that longer summer growing seasons caused by global warming will increase the risk of extinction for some animal species?
A. Squirrels and chipmunks store larger quantities of nuts due to longer summers, but these supplies spoil more rapidly in warmer winters, leaving fewer edible reserves.
B. Fungus species that typically produce spores annually now produce them twice in longer summers, disrupting the diets of animals that depend on them.
C. Butterfly caterpillars, responding to earlier springs, now mature into butterflies before certain bird species hatch chicks that rely exclusively on these caterpillars for food.
D. Salmon migrating earlier accumulate lower fat reserves, greatly reducing survival rates during migration and decreasing the number reaching breeding sites each year.
E. Reptiles forced to emerge earlier from hibernation spend more time foraging before mating, reducing their available energy for reproduction.
Which of the following, if true, provides the strongest evidence that longer summer growing seasons caused by global warming will increase the risk of extinction for some animal species?
A. Squirrels and chipmunks store larger quantities of nuts due to longer summers, but these supplies spoil more rapidly in warmer winters, leaving fewer edible reserves.
B. Fungus species that typically produce spores annually now produce them twice in longer summers, disrupting the diets of animals that depend on them.
C. Butterfly caterpillars, responding to earlier springs, now mature into butterflies before certain bird species hatch chicks that rely exclusively on these caterpillars for food.
D. Salmon migrating earlier accumulate lower fat reserves, greatly reducing survival rates during migration and decreasing the number reaching breeding sites each year.
E. Reptiles forced to emerge earlier from hibernation spend more time foraging before mating, reducing their available energy for reproduction.
16 Sep 2014, 01:55
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Official Solution:
Scientists studying climate change have found that global warming results not only in higher planetary temperatures but also in earlier springs and later autumns. While some argue that this shift is advantageous due to longer summer growing seasons, others fear that many animal species may be unable to adapt, increasing their risk of extinction.
Which of the following, if true, provides the strongest evidence that longer summer growing seasons caused by global warming will increase the risk of extinction for some animal species?
A. Squirrels and chipmunks store larger quantities of nuts due to longer summers, but these supplies spoil more rapidly in warmer winters, leaving fewer edible reserves.
B. Fungus species that typically produce spores annually now produce them twice in longer summers, disrupting the diets of animals that depend on them.
C. Butterfly caterpillars, responding to earlier springs, now mature into butterflies before certain bird species hatch chicks that rely exclusively on these caterpillars for food.
D. Salmon migrating earlier accumulate lower fat reserves, greatly reducing survival rates during migration and decreasing the number reaching breeding sites each year.
E. Reptiles forced to emerge earlier from hibernation spend more time foraging before mating, reducing their available energy for reproduction.
Your task in this Critical Reasoning question is to find the strongest evidence supporting the argument. More than one choice may and likely will support the argument. Thus your goal is not only to find an answer choice that supports it, but also to find the best answer choice among multiple.
(A) Incorrect. There are both positive (accumulation) and negative (spoilage) effects. This answer choice suggest a net negative impact but unclear how spoilage leads directly to extinction-level risk. We do not know how soon or late things spoil and perhaps they can even eat spoiled supplies. In general, negative but not severe enough.
(B) Incorrect. This is a minor disruption. It seems a surplus exists since fungal spores are produced twice a year now. It seems a disruption but not an extinction-level support. Too weak and possible even positive effect.
(C) Correct Answer. C) is correct because it describes a scenario in which an exclusive food source disappears entirely at a crucial reproductive stage, leaving no alternative. This creates a clear extinction-level threat.
(D) Incorrect. Trap. D) appears attractive and severe ("greatly reducing survival rates"), yet it implies salmon still reach breeding grounds in reduced numbers. While harmful, it does not remove reproductive opportunities entirely, leaving open a possibility of population stabilization, recovery, or adaptation. Thus, while a threat, this option is still considerably weaker than (C) when supporting an argument that extinction will occur.
(E) Incorrect. Energy reduction negatively affects reproduction but how exactly does it lead to extinction? We are not able to make any inferences without additional assumptions. This answer choice is incomplete.
Answer: C
Scientists studying climate change have found that global warming results not only in higher planetary temperatures but also in earlier springs and later autumns. While some argue that this shift is advantageous due to longer summer growing seasons, others fear that many animal species may be unable to adapt, increasing their risk of extinction.
Which of the following, if true, provides the strongest evidence that longer summer growing seasons caused by global warming will increase the risk of extinction for some animal species?
A. Squirrels and chipmunks store larger quantities of nuts due to longer summers, but these supplies spoil more rapidly in warmer winters, leaving fewer edible reserves.
B. Fungus species that typically produce spores annually now produce them twice in longer summers, disrupting the diets of animals that depend on them.
C. Butterfly caterpillars, responding to earlier springs, now mature into butterflies before certain bird species hatch chicks that rely exclusively on these caterpillars for food.
D. Salmon migrating earlier accumulate lower fat reserves, greatly reducing survival rates during migration and decreasing the number reaching breeding sites each year.
E. Reptiles forced to emerge earlier from hibernation spend more time foraging before mating, reducing their available energy for reproduction.
Your task in this Critical Reasoning question is to find the strongest evidence supporting the argument. More than one choice may and likely will support the argument. Thus your goal is not only to find an answer choice that supports it, but also to find the best answer choice among multiple.
(A) Incorrect. There are both positive (accumulation) and negative (spoilage) effects. This answer choice suggest a net negative impact but unclear how spoilage leads directly to extinction-level risk. We do not know how soon or late things spoil and perhaps they can even eat spoiled supplies. In general, negative but not severe enough.
(B) Incorrect. This is a minor disruption. It seems a surplus exists since fungal spores are produced twice a year now. It seems a disruption but not an extinction-level support. Too weak and possible even positive effect.
(C) Correct Answer. C) is correct because it describes a scenario in which an exclusive food source disappears entirely at a crucial reproductive stage, leaving no alternative. This creates a clear extinction-level threat.
(D) Incorrect. Trap. D) appears attractive and severe ("greatly reducing survival rates"), yet it implies salmon still reach breeding grounds in reduced numbers. While harmful, it does not remove reproductive opportunities entirely, leaving open a possibility of population stabilization, recovery, or adaptation. Thus, while a threat, this option is still considerably weaker than (C) when supporting an argument that extinction will occur.
(E) Incorrect. Energy reduction negatively affects reproduction but how exactly does it lead to extinction? We are not able to make any inferences without additional assumptions. This answer choice is incomplete.
Answer: C
18 Jul 2020, 22:32
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I think this is a high-quality question and I agree with explanation.
