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17 Dec 2020, 19:31
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C
Be sure to select an answer first to save it in the Error Log before revealing the correct answer (OA)!
Difficulty:
25%
(medium)
Question Stats:
68% (01:00) correct
32%
(01:05)
wrong
based on 212
sessions
History
Date
Time
Result
Not Attempted Yet
In contrast to older automobiles that primarily used steel for its durability and affordability, carmakers are now turning to aluminum to meet new fuel efficiency standards, remaining competitive in the ever-changing market.
A) carmakers are now turning to aluminum to meet new fuel efficiency standards, remaining
B) aluminum is now being used by carmakers to meet new fuel efficiency standards, thereby remaining
C) newer automobiles are now using aluminum to meet new fuel efficiency standards and remain
D) newer automobiles are now using aluminum for fuel efficiency standards, remaining
E) new fuel efficiency standards have forced carmakers to turn to aluminum and remain
17 Dec 2020, 19:32
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OFFICIAL EXPLANATION
THE PROMPT
→ After we read "In contrast to older automobiles that did XYZ," the next thing we should be reading about after the comma is something comparable to "older automobiles."
→ When the introductory statement modifies a noun, that noun should follow immediately after the modifier. If the noun does not follow immediately, we have a "dangling modifier" or a "misplaced modifier." They are fatal.
THE OPTIONS
• in pink type -- that "remaining" could be trouble.
→ the remaining phrase might be modifying the previous clause and presenting a result, but the phrasing sounds abrupt.
→ In order to make the logic clear, I'm looking for an indicator word such as "thus" or "consequently."
→ do not use more than 2-3 seconds on this issue; we cannot resolve it without seeing the other answers
The modifier error is fatal.
ELIMINATE A
• I notice "thereby" in this option; such a word would work well in (A)
ELIMINATE B
• to meet and [to] remain are parallel
KEEP C
→ how is aluminum used FOR efficiency standards?
for does not mean "in order to meet" (efficient standards)
→ the phrasing is nonsensical.
If in doubt, compare to C. No contest.
ELIMINATE D
• the standards did not force the carmakers to remain competitive; the standards may have forced a turn to aluminum in order to remain competitive, but the sentence does not lay out that logic
ELIMINATE E
The best answer is C.
NOTES
Sometimes inanimate objects will be paired with verbs that seem to imply agency or intent.
Obviously, inanimate objects do not have agency or intent.
But pairing such objects with certain verbs is not always wrong, and believing otherwise is going to get you into trouble.
Flexibility is important.
I know; structure of language is freaking hard. Rules seem imperative. They are—to a point.
Everyone who takes this test (and takes on Sentence Correction) struggles with the dividing line between writing as a craft and writing as an art.
English is not math.
Most of what you have learned are guidelines.
A rule is something such as "a subject and verb must agree."
A guideline is something such as "inanimate objects don't have agency, so most of the time GMAC does not prefer inanimate objects to do things that seem to require intent."
And some of your rules will get broken—even rules that seemed ironclad. (Not subject/verb.)
SPOILER (one link to official question): I suspect that a decent number of you have been taught a rule about "possessive poison."
What will you do when you run into this official question, here?
or this similar MGMAT question, here?
You can review my analysis of the possessive poison rule here.
Similarly, pairing older automobiles and used may seem a bit strange.
This pairing probably IS strange.
But this pairing is also not a decision point.
Nor is the pairing is without precedent. (Seriously, reading just a bit every day will help a lot.)
This sentence is a direct quote from a recent New York Times article:
Older cars used voice-recognition systems that were built into the car and had limited computing power and memory.
-- New York Times, "Coming From Automakers: Voice Control That Understands You Better," Jan 5, 2017, accessed here, Dec 20, 2020
Here's another sentence from the New York Times, in which the computer seems quite animated, I must say:
Older computers used a programming shortcut to identify the years in dates by their last two digits, meaning they could respond as if 2000 were 1900.
-- That line comes from "Computer Error Brings Early Food Stamp Credits and Shopping Spree," March 22, 1999, accessed here, December 20, 2020.
I found those two sentences in under 10 seconds.
I could find dozens more in dozens more respected publications.
I want people to be bold.
But bold can also be curious.
Bold can be courteous.
Bold can be gracious.
Food for thought.
COMMENTS
SoupBanerjee , welcome to SC Butler.
I am glad to see everyone (and especially glad that you all are staying active -- I know it can be hard).
These answers range from incomplete to outstanding.
If you explained well, you get kudos.
In the U.S., Hanukkah just ended, and Christmas and Kwanzaa will arrive shortly.
What I think of as the season of lights came just in time.
Happy Holidays.
Project SC Butler: Sentence Correction (SC2)
THE PROMPT
Quote:
• Beware the introductory modifier!
→ After we read "In contrast to older automobiles that did XYZ," the next thing we should be reading about after the comma is something comparable to "older automobiles."
→ When the introductory statement modifies a noun, that noun should follow immediately after the modifier. If the noun does not follow immediately, we have a "dangling modifier" or a "misplaced modifier." They are fatal.
THE OPTIONS
Quote:
• older automobiles should not be contrasted with carmakers
• in pink type -- that "remaining" could be trouble.
→ the remaining phrase might be modifying the previous clause and presenting a result, but the phrasing sounds abrupt.
→ In order to make the logic clear, I'm looking for an indicator word such as "thus" or "consequently."
→ do not use more than 2-3 seconds on this issue; we cannot resolve it without seeing the other answers
The modifier error is fatal.
ELIMINATE A
Quote:
• older automobiles should not be contrasted with aluminum
• I notice "thereby" in this option; such a word would work well in (A)
ELIMINATE B
Quote:
• now we are correctly comparing like to like: older automobiles and newer automobiles
• to meet and [to] remain are parallel
KEEP C
Quote:
• meaning error, prepositional nonsense
→ how is aluminum used FOR efficiency standards?
for does not mean "in order to meet" (efficient standards)
→ the phrasing is nonsensical.
If in doubt, compare to C. No contest.
ELIMINATE D
Quote:
• older automobiles should not be contrasted with new fuel efficiency standards
• the standards did not force the carmakers to remain competitive; the standards may have forced a turn to aluminum in order to remain competitive, but the sentence does not lay out that logic
ELIMINATE E
The best answer is C.
NOTES
Sometimes inanimate objects will be paired with verbs that seem to imply agency or intent.
Obviously, inanimate objects do not have agency or intent.
But pairing such objects with certain verbs is not always wrong, and believing otherwise is going to get you into trouble.
Flexibility is important.
I know; structure of language is freaking hard. Rules seem imperative. They are—to a point.
Everyone who takes this test (and takes on Sentence Correction) struggles with the dividing line between writing as a craft and writing as an art.
English is not math.
Most of what you have learned are guidelines.
A rule is something such as "a subject and verb must agree."
A guideline is something such as "inanimate objects don't have agency, so most of the time GMAC does not prefer inanimate objects to do things that seem to require intent."
And some of your rules will get broken—even rules that seemed ironclad. (Not subject/verb.)
SPOILER (one link to official question): I suspect that a decent number of you have been taught a rule about "possessive poison."
What will you do when you run into this official question, here?
or this similar MGMAT question, here?
You can review my analysis of the possessive poison rule here.
Similarly, pairing older automobiles and used may seem a bit strange.
This pairing probably IS strange.
But this pairing is also not a decision point.
Nor is the pairing is without precedent. (Seriously, reading just a bit every day will help a lot.)
This sentence is a direct quote from a recent New York Times article:
Older cars used voice-recognition systems that were built into the car and had limited computing power and memory.
-- New York Times, "Coming From Automakers: Voice Control That Understands You Better," Jan 5, 2017, accessed here, Dec 20, 2020
Here's another sentence from the New York Times, in which the computer seems quite animated, I must say:
Older computers used a programming shortcut to identify the years in dates by their last two digits, meaning they could respond as if 2000 were 1900.
-- That line comes from "Computer Error Brings Early Food Stamp Credits and Shopping Spree," March 22, 1999, accessed here, December 20, 2020.
I found those two sentences in under 10 seconds.
I could find dozens more in dozens more respected publications.
I want people to be bold.
But bold can also be curious.
Bold can be courteous.
Bold can be gracious.
Food for thought.
COMMENTS
SoupBanerjee , welcome to SC Butler.
I am glad to see everyone (and especially glad that you all are staying active -- I know it can be hard).
These answers range from incomplete to outstanding.
If you explained well, you get kudos.
In the U.S., Hanukkah just ended, and Christmas and Kwanzaa will arrive shortly.
What I think of as the season of lights came just in time.
Happy Holidays.
17 Dec 2020, 20:06
Kudos
Bookmarks
My answer is (C). It took me 46 seconds.
In order to contrast with "older automobiles", the subject must be compatible. This is what we call "Apple vs. Apple comparison". Eliminate A, B, and D.
Between (C) and (D), it is idiomatic to say that automobiles "use aluminum to meet standards".
In order to contrast with "older automobiles", the subject must be compatible. This is what we call "Apple vs. Apple comparison". Eliminate A, B, and D.
Between (C) and (D), it is idiomatic to say that automobiles "use aluminum to meet standards".
