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devansh_god
Updated on: 23 Jun 2021, 03:57
Originally posted by devansh_god on 16 May 2007, 07:48.
Last edited by Bunuel on 23 Jun 2021, 03:57, edited 5 times in total.
Last edited by Bunuel on 23 Jun 2021, 03:57, edited 5 times in total.
Edited the question.
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A
Be sure to select an answer first to save it in the Error Log before revealing the correct answer (OA)!
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In astronomy the term “red shift” denotes the extent to which light from a distant galaxy has been shifted toward the red, or long-wave, end of the light spectrum by the rapid motion of the galaxy away from the Earth.
(A) to which light from a distant galaxy has been shifted
(B) to which light from a distant galaxy has shifted
(C) that light from a distant galaxy has been shifted
(D) of light from a distant galaxy shifting
(E) of the shift of light from a distant galaxy
(A) to which light from a distant galaxy has been shifted
(B) to which light from a distant galaxy has shifted
(C) that light from a distant galaxy has been shifted
(D) of light from a distant galaxy shifting
(E) of the shift of light from a distant galaxy
https://www.nytimes.com/1986/05/06/science/powerful-source-of-gravity-detected-deep-in-the-universe.html
Red shift refers to the extent to which light from a distant galaxy has been shifted toward the red, or long-wave, end of the spectrum by the galaxy's rapid motion away from the Earth. The effect is the same as that which lowers the pitch of the horn on a receding vehicle. The galaxies are receding because the universe is expanding like a swelling cloud of gas.
The first choice is best because it is idiomatic and because its passive verb construction, has been shifted, clearly indicates that the light has been acted upon by the rapid motion.
In the second choice, the active verb has shifted suggests that the light, not the motion, is the agency of action, but such a construction leaves the phrase by the rapid motion of the galaxy away from the Earth without any logical or grammatical function.
In the third choice, the construction the extent that light is ungrammatical; denotes the extent must be completed by to which.
The fourth choice incorrectly employs an active verb, shifting, and extent of light is imprecise and awkward.
The last choice is difficult to comprehend because it strings together eight prepositional phrases in a row, beginning with of the shift and ending with away from the Earth. The connection between the light and the rapid motion would be expressed much more effectively with a verb.
Red shift refers to the extent to which light from a distant galaxy has been shifted toward the red, or long-wave, end of the spectrum by the galaxy's rapid motion away from the Earth. The effect is the same as that which lowers the pitch of the horn on a receding vehicle. The galaxies are receding because the universe is expanding like a swelling cloud of gas.
The first choice is best because it is idiomatic and because its passive verb construction, has been shifted, clearly indicates that the light has been acted upon by the rapid motion.
In the second choice, the active verb has shifted suggests that the light, not the motion, is the agency of action, but such a construction leaves the phrase by the rapid motion of the galaxy away from the Earth without any logical or grammatical function.
In the third choice, the construction the extent that light is ungrammatical; denotes the extent must be completed by to which.
The fourth choice incorrectly employs an active verb, shifting, and extent of light is imprecise and awkward.
The last choice is difficult to comprehend because it strings together eight prepositional phrases in a row, beginning with of the shift and ending with away from the Earth. The connection between the light and the rapid motion would be expressed much more effectively with a verb.
Solving this question helps.
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30 May 2019, 10:27
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rnn
Here's the version created via the use of (B).
- In astronomy the term “red shift” denotes the extent to which light from a distant galaxy has shifted toward the red, or long-wave, end of the light spectrum by the rapid motion of the galaxy away from the Earth.
While the idea that light would, on its own, shift from one part of the spectrum to another may not make sense, the sentence would be basically OK, if we were to remove the prepositional phase at the end, as in:
- In astronomy the term “red shift” denotes the extent to which light from a distant galaxy has shifted toward the red, or long-wave, end of the light spectrum.
However, the sentence in the question ends with "by the rapid motion of the galaxy away from the Earth." That phrase indicates that something other than the light caused the shift. It was caused by the rapid motion.
We can't change the non-underlined portion. So, we have to choose an answer choice that matches the non-underlined portion, one that makes sense in the context of the light being acted on by something else. In order to express that the subject of a sentence is acted on by something else, we need to use a passive voice verb as the main verb of that sentence.
So, in this case, we need the passive voice "has been," because the sentence is saying that the light "has been shifted ... by the rapid motion."
Notice, we can tell that we need a passive voice verb by reading the sentence and considering the meaning to be conveyed. The reason for choosing "has been" is not some arcane rule. It's that, in order for a logical meaning to be conveyed, the main verb of this sentence has to be in the passive voice.
13 Nov 2010, 00:47
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Official explanations:
Choice A is best because it is idiomatic and because its passive verb construction, has been shifted, clearly indicates that the light has been acted upon by the rapid motion. In B, the active verb has shifted suggests that the light, not the motion, is the agency of action, but such a construction leaves the phrase by the rapid motion of the galaxy away from the Earth without any logical or grammatical function. In C, the construction the extent that light is ungrammatical; denotes the extent must be completed by to which. D incorrectly employs an active verb, shifting, and extent of light is imprecise and awkward. E is faulty because it contains no verb to express the action performed by the rapid motion.
Choice A is best because it is idiomatic and because its passive verb construction, has been shifted, clearly indicates that the light has been acted upon by the rapid motion. In B, the active verb has shifted suggests that the light, not the motion, is the agency of action, but such a construction leaves the phrase by the rapid motion of the galaxy away from the Earth without any logical or grammatical function. In C, the construction the extent that light is ungrammatical; denotes the extent must be completed by to which. D incorrectly employs an active verb, shifting, and extent of light is imprecise and awkward. E is faulty because it contains no verb to express the action performed by the rapid motion.
