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I'm not too sure of my solution here but here goes nothing. I picked (D) as both statements are sufficient.

We are asked to prove that whether the probability that the Participant picked is assigned to Reception Group is >5/8.

1) Statement 1: Selected Participants are not in the Materials Group is less than 45%

This statement can be interpreted as most of the members in the group are part of the materials group since the probability that they are not is less than 45%. And so if that is the case, then probability that they are either in P or R together is less than 45% - If there are a total of 100 people, then probability that they are either in P or R is 44 or less.

44% shows that the number of people in Reception Group - R is greater than 45% is not proved / made out. Hence Statement 1 is sufficient.

2) Statement 2: Probability that selected participant is not in Receptions Group is less than 40%

Which means that the probability that the selected participant is in receptions Group is more than 40%. As such 2/5 > 5/. Hence the probability that the selected participant is in reception group is answered as greater than 5/8.

As such, the Statement #2 is also sufficient.

Thus both statements are sufficient and answer is (D).

This is how I have done it. If it is wrong or not correct, I request some clarification kindly.
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Here we have to be clear about one thing first: that we are not looking for an absolute numerical value. What we are seeking from every statement is the answer yes or no. Either of the answers from any statement will give us sufficient information to find the answer.

P(r)> 5/8 i.e. 62.5% ?

Bunuel
A community center is organizing a weekend workshop. Each participant is assigned to exactly one of three groups: planning, reception, or materials. If one participant is selected at random from all the participants, is the probability that the selected participant is in the reception group greater than 5/8?

(1) The probability that the selected participant is not in the materials group is less than 45%.

(2) The probability that the selected participant is not in the reception group is greater than 40%.


 


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Statement 1 - P (not m)< 45% or P(r+p)< 45% Hence, the answer is no.
Statement 2 - P (not r)>40% or P (r)<40% hence, the answer is no.

And therefore as we can see both the statements alone are sufficient to answer the question. D
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3 groups: P, R, M
P(R)>5/8 (i.e. more than 62%)

(A) P(not M)<45%
=> P(M)>=55%
If 55% or more is in M, P and R would have less than 45%
Which implies P(R) cannot be more than 62%
(A) is individually sufficient to answer

(B) P(not R)>40%
=> P(R)<= 60%
(B) is also individually sufficient to answer

Hence (D) is the answer
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Given, P(R) + P(M) + P(P) = 1
To check, is P(R) > 5/8 = 0.625

Now statement 1 says, we have not P(M) = 0.45, that means we have P(R) + P(P) = 0.45
Now Probability can never be > 1 or < 0.
So P(R) must be less than or equal to combined total which is 0.45.
Since the max P(R) = 0.45, it can never be greater than 5/8. Hence 1 is sufficient.

Now statement 2 says, not P(R) > 0.40 => 1 - P(R) > 0.40 => P(R) < 0.60.
since P(R) always be less than 0.60, it can never be > 5/8. Hence 2 is sufficient.

Thus D.
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The ans is No the probability that the selected participant is in the reception group greater than 5/8 is not possible

Both statements are sufficient alone
sol
Let us assume P - Planning , R- reception , M - material

R> 5/8 = 0.62

P +R+M= 1
1) - Probability the participant is not in M group < 45% = 0.45

so P +r <0.45
but r >0.62 so this cannot be true

2) Probability the participant is from P group >40 % = 0.40

so R+M >0.60
but R > 0.62 so this also cannot be true





Bunuel
A community center is organizing a weekend workshop. Each participant is assigned to exactly one of three groups: planning, reception, or materials. If one participant is selected at random from all the participants, is the probability that the selected participant is in the reception group greater than 5/8?

(1) The probability that the selected participant is not in the materials group is less than 45%.

(2) The probability that the selected participant is not in the reception group is greater than 40%.


 


This question was provided by GMAT Club
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Here is my solution.
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Bunuel
A community center is organizing a weekend workshop. Each participant is assigned to exactly one of three groups: planning, reception, or materials. If one participant is selected at random from all the participants, is the probability that the selected participant is in the reception group greater than 5/8?

(1) The probability that the selected participant is not in the materials group is less than 45%.

(2) The probability that the selected participant is not in the reception group is greater than 40%.


 


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S2 : Probability of not in reception group is > 40% ; which means probability of the person being in the reception group is less than 40%

40/100 = 2/5

as 2/5 < 5/8, this statement is sufficient

S1: Probability that the selected participant is in the material group is greater than 55%

As each individual can be only in one group the probability of a person being in the reception group is less than 45%. Hence, this statement is also sufficient.

Option D
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Three non-overlapping groups: planning, reception, materials

The question: p(reception) > 5/8 ?

5/8 = 62.5%

(1)
no-materials = planning + reception

p(planning) + p(reception) < 45%

For sure p(reception) < 45% and the answer in NO.

Condition sufficient

(2)
p(no-reception) = 100% - p(reception) > 40%

p(reception) < 60% and the answer in NO.

Condition sufficient

Answer D
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Bunuel
A community center is organizing a weekend workshop. Each participant is assigned to exactly one of three groups: planning, reception, or materials. If one participant is selected at random from all the participants, is the probability that the selected participant is in the reception group greater than 5/8?

(1) The probability that the selected participant is not in the materials group is less than 45%.

(2) The probability that the selected participant is not in the reception group is greater than 40%.


 


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Let R = reception group. We need to know if: R > 5/8 (62.5%)

(1) The probability of not being in materials is less than 45%.

So: Planning + Reception < 45% This means Reception must be less than 45%, so it cannot be greater than 62.5%.

We can answer No, so statement (1) is sufficient.

(2) The probability of not being in reception is greater than 40%.

So: Reception < 60% Again, reception cannot be greater than 62.5%.

We can answer No, so statement (2) is also sufficient.

Option D
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prob(reception)>5/8 -> prob(reception)>62.5%

(1)
prob(not-materials) < 45% -> prob(planning) + prob(reception) < 45%

It means that each addend is less than 45%, prob(reception) < 45%.
The answer to the question in no.

Sufficient

(2)
prob(not-reception) > 40%
100% - prob(reception) > 40%
prob(reception) < 60%

The answer to the question in no.

Sufficient

The correct answer is D
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1. Not in material group <45% -> Prob in material group >55%
We know that P(P)+P(R)+P(M)=1. If P(M)>55% -> P(R)<45% --> P(R) is not greater than 5/8

2. Not in reception group >40% -> P(R) < 60% -> P(R) cannot be greater than 5/8

Correct answer is D because each of these statements is sufficient alone
Bunuel
A community center is organizing a weekend workshop. Each participant is assigned to exactly one of three groups: planning, reception, or materials. If one participant is selected at random from all the participants, is the probability that the selected participant is in the reception group greater than 5/8?

(1) The probability that the selected participant is not in the materials group is less than 45%.

(2) The probability that the selected participant is not in the reception group is greater than 40%.


 


This question was provided by GMAT Club
for the GMAT World Cup Competition

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The question is whether r>5/8= 62.5%
S1 says p+m>55% and r<45% meaning r will never be greater than 62.5% hence sufficient
S2 Means r<60% which again is less than 62.5% so sufficient
Ans D
Bunuel
A community center is organizing a weekend workshop. Each participant is assigned to exactly one of three groups: planning, reception, or materials. If one participant is selected at random from all the participants, is the probability that the selected participant is in the reception group greater than 5/8?

(1) The probability that the selected participant is not in the materials group is less than 45%.

(2) The probability that the selected participant is not in the reception group is greater than 40%.


 


This question was provided by GMAT Club
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(1) The probability that the selected participant is not in the materials group is less than 45%.

(2) The probability that the selected participant is not in the reception group is greater than 40%.


5/8 =0.625
T=P+R+M
is P(R/T) > 0.625??

1. If P+R < 0.45, P alone cannot ne greater than 0.625..Sufficient

2. If P+M> 0.4..then R< 0.6 ...Sufficient

Ans D
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Is P(R) > 62.5 %?

Analysing statement 1 alone

P(Not M) < 45%
We can manipulate above equation as
P(R) + P(P) < 45%

Since the addition of two probabilities is less than 45%.
Therefore individual values has to be less than 45%.

We can be 100% sure that the answer to this question is NO.
Therefore, Statement 1 is sufficient.

Analysing statement 2 individually

P(Not R) > 40%
We can manipulate above equation as
1 - P( R) > 40%

Therefore, P(R) < 60%
Which is less than 62.5%

We can be 100% sure that the answer to this question is NO.
Therefore, Statement 2 is sufficient.

D is the answer
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Statement 1 does not give any information about whether its in reception or not, statement b gives that probability of not in reception is greater than 40% assume the least 40% therefore probability of selected in the group[ is 60% which is less than 5/8 62.5% answer is B, statement b gives information and we can deduct from total 1 to get our answer.
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Is P(Reception) > 5/8 or 62.5%?

This is Yes/No question.
In order to find P(Reception), we need total participants and total assigned to reception or other information that allows us to calculate this probability.

Statement 1 : P(Materials) < 45% : This statement does not provide information on the P ( Reception) , not sufficient

Statement 2 : P( Not Reception) >40% : This implies that P (Reception) is less than 40%. This allows us to answer a definite NO to the question " Is P(Reception)> 62.5%" Hence Sufficient.

Ans : B
Bunuel
A community center is organizing a weekend workshop. Each participant is assigned to exactly one of three groups: planning, reception, or materials. If one participant is selected at random from all the participants, is the probability that the selected participant is in the reception group greater than 5/8?

(1) The probability that the selected participant is not in the materials group is less than 45%.

(2) The probability that the selected participant is not in the reception group is greater than 40%.


 


This question was provided by GMAT Club
for the GMAT World Cup Competition

Win over $30,000 in prizes such as Courses, Tests, Private Tutoring, and more

 


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Each participant is assigned to exactly one of three groups: P, R, M.
Is P(R)>5/8 or P(R)>62.5% ?

1) P(not in M)<45%
P(M)>100-45% or P(M)>55%
Hence, P(R) must be less than 45%.
It is sufficient.

2) P(not on R)>40%
P(R)<60%.
It is sufficient

D) Each alone is sufficient to answer the question
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