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16 Sep 2014, 02:01
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C
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Difficulty:
25%
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Question Stats:
83% (01:11) correct
17%
(01:29)
wrong
based on 24
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Making use of a study identifying how often and for what reasons the average person’s mind wanders, a government agency which studies the causes of traffic accidents has announced the creation of a series of mental exercises designed to increase concentration while driving. An agency spokesperson has stated that, once the exercises have been published, fatal accidents are expected to decrease by 30% in the first year alone.
The agency’s expectation rests on which of the following assumptions about the causes of most fatal traffic accidents?
A. Most fatal accidents involve the average person.
B. Most fatal accidents are reported immediately to the government agency studying them.
C. Most fatal accidents are caused by lack of concentration while driving.
D. Fatal accidents can only be prevented once the mental exercises have been published.
E. Fatal accidents occur with a frequency that can be predicted by the government agency.
The agency’s expectation rests on which of the following assumptions about the causes of most fatal traffic accidents?
A. Most fatal accidents involve the average person.
B. Most fatal accidents are reported immediately to the government agency studying them.
C. Most fatal accidents are caused by lack of concentration while driving.
D. Fatal accidents can only be prevented once the mental exercises have been published.
E. Fatal accidents occur with a frequency that can be predicted by the government agency.
16 Sep 2014, 02:01
Kudos
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Official Solution:
Making use of a study identifying how often and for what reasons the average person’s mind wanders, a government agency which studies the causes of traffic accidents has announced the creation of a series of mental exercises designed to increase concentration while driving. An agency spokesperson has stated that, once the exercises have been published, fatal accidents are expected to decrease by 30% in the first year alone.
The agency’s expectation rests on which of the following assumptions about the causes of most fatal traffic accidents?
A. Most fatal accidents involve the average person.
B. Most fatal accidents are reported immediately to the government agency studying them.
C. Most fatal accidents are caused by lack of concentration while driving.
D. Fatal accidents can only be prevented once the mental exercises have been published.
E. Fatal accidents occur with a frequency that can be predicted by the government agency.
Situation:A government agency plans to prevent fatal traffic accidents through the use of mental exercises designed to increase concentration.
Reasoning: Which option identifies the assumption underlying the agency’s expectation? The first sentence of the passage states that the government agency will use data from a study on mind wandering to develop exercises that improve concentration while driving. The agency expects that fatal traffic accidents will decrease as drivers’ concentration increases. Therefore, the assumption underlying the expectation is that most fatal traffic accidents are caused by lack of attention.
A. The average person is mentioned in the first sentence as the object of a previous study, not as the cause of fatal accidents.
B. This claim is not made in the passage.
C. The government will use the results of a study on mind-wandering to help improve the concentration of drivers; if drivers’ concentration is improved, the agency expects, fatal traffic accidents will decrease.
D. This is a distortion of a detail in the second sentence.
E. Though an expected amount of decrease in accidents is quoted, the passage does not claim that the government agency can predict the future frequency of fatal traffic accidents.
Answer: C
Making use of a study identifying how often and for what reasons the average person’s mind wanders, a government agency which studies the causes of traffic accidents has announced the creation of a series of mental exercises designed to increase concentration while driving. An agency spokesperson has stated that, once the exercises have been published, fatal accidents are expected to decrease by 30% in the first year alone.
The agency’s expectation rests on which of the following assumptions about the causes of most fatal traffic accidents?
A. Most fatal accidents involve the average person.
B. Most fatal accidents are reported immediately to the government agency studying them.
C. Most fatal accidents are caused by lack of concentration while driving.
D. Fatal accidents can only be prevented once the mental exercises have been published.
E. Fatal accidents occur with a frequency that can be predicted by the government agency.
Situation:A government agency plans to prevent fatal traffic accidents through the use of mental exercises designed to increase concentration.
Reasoning: Which option identifies the assumption underlying the agency’s expectation? The first sentence of the passage states that the government agency will use data from a study on mind wandering to develop exercises that improve concentration while driving. The agency expects that fatal traffic accidents will decrease as drivers’ concentration increases. Therefore, the assumption underlying the expectation is that most fatal traffic accidents are caused by lack of attention.
A. The average person is mentioned in the first sentence as the object of a previous study, not as the cause of fatal accidents.
B. This claim is not made in the passage.
C. The government will use the results of a study on mind-wandering to help improve the concentration of drivers; if drivers’ concentration is improved, the agency expects, fatal traffic accidents will decrease.
D. This is a distortion of a detail in the second sentence.
E. Though an expected amount of decrease in accidents is quoted, the passage does not claim that the government agency can predict the future frequency of fatal traffic accidents.
Answer: C
24 Mar 2017, 20:07
Kudos
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In option C - "Most fatal accidents are caused by lack of concentration while driving." Use of most seems a stretch.
First, even if lack of concentration is reason for only 31% of accident, then also argument is valid.
Second, option A provides a case where negation will break apart the argument - if the study is for average's first mind, while only drunk or insane people cause accident.
First, even if lack of concentration is reason for only 31% of accident, then also argument is valid.
Second, option A provides a case where negation will break apart the argument - if the study is for average's first mind, while only drunk or insane people cause accident.
