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03 Oct 2022, 20:23
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A
Be sure to select an answer first to save it in the Error Log before revealing the correct answer (OA)!
Difficulty:
35%
(medium)
Question Stats:
72% (02:04) correct
28%
(02:12)
wrong
based on 258
sessions
History
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Not Attempted Yet
Scientist: To study the comparative effectiveness of two experimental medications for athlete’s foot, a representative sample of people with athlete’s foot were randomly assigned to one of two groups. One group received only medication M, and the other received only medication N. The only people whose athlete’s foot was cured had been given medication M.
Reporter: This means, then, that if anyone in the study had athlete’s foot that was not cured, that person did not receive medication M.
Which one of the following most accurately describes the reporter’s error in reasoning?
(A) The reporter concludes from evidence showing only that M can cure athlete’s foot that M always cures athlete’s foot.
(B) The reporter illicitly draws a conclusion about the population as a whole on the basis of a study conducted only on a sample of the population.
(C) The reporter presumes, without providing justification, that medications M and N are available to people who have athlete’s foot but did not participate in the study.
(D) The reporter fails to allow for the possibility that athlete’s foot may be cured even if neither of the two medications studied is taken.
(E) The reporter presumes, without providing justification, that there is no sizeable subgroup of people whose athlete’s foot will be cured only if they do not take medication M.
Reporter: This means, then, that if anyone in the study had athlete’s foot that was not cured, that person did not receive medication M.
Which one of the following most accurately describes the reporter’s error in reasoning?
(A) The reporter concludes from evidence showing only that M can cure athlete’s foot that M always cures athlete’s foot.
(B) The reporter illicitly draws a conclusion about the population as a whole on the basis of a study conducted only on a sample of the population.
(C) The reporter presumes, without providing justification, that medications M and N are available to people who have athlete’s foot but did not participate in the study.
(D) The reporter fails to allow for the possibility that athlete’s foot may be cured even if neither of the two medications studied is taken.
(E) The reporter presumes, without providing justification, that there is no sizeable subgroup of people whose athlete’s foot will be cured only if they do not take medication M.
09 Oct 2022, 10:25
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Scientist: To study the comparative effectiveness of two experimental medications for athlete’s foot, a representative sample of people with athlete’s foot were randomly assigned to one of two groups. One group received only medication M, and the other received only medication N. The only people whose athlete’s foot was cured had been given medication M.
Reporter: This means, then, that if anyone in the study had athlete’s foot that was not cured, that person did not receive medication M.
Really a good question. let us solve this question using an example. Let us take 100 people with Athlete foot. Now suppose 50 people were given Medication N and rest 50 were given Medication M.
Now out of 50 who were given Medication N, none was cured.
Now out of 50 who were given Medication M, suppose 20 were cured.
Now what reporter thought?
Only M can cure athlete’s foot that M always cures athlete’s foot. This is error in reasoning as M does not always cure the foot. So option A is the answer.
Reporter: This means, then, that if anyone in the study had athlete’s foot that was not cured, that person did not receive medication M.
Really a good question. let us solve this question using an example. Let us take 100 people with Athlete foot. Now suppose 50 people were given Medication N and rest 50 were given Medication M.
Now out of 50 who were given Medication N, none was cured.
Now out of 50 who were given Medication M, suppose 20 were cured.
Now what reporter thought?
Only M can cure athlete’s foot that M always cures athlete’s foot. This is error in reasoning as M does not always cure the foot. So option A is the answer.
10 Oct 2022, 18:52
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phoenix2194
The question asks us to find error is reporter's reasoning.
Meaning:
To compare the effectiveness of two medications for athlete's foot, random people with the athlete's foot were chosen and grouped in to two. One group received Medication M while the other received Medication N. The result concludes that, among all the people (the entire sample group inclusive) for whom the athlete's foot was cured had been given Medication M.
It does not mean that all the people who received Medication M was cured of the disease.
But the reporter's statement implies that among the sample space, only people (all people) who received Medication M had athlete's foot that was cured. But that was not the case, there could also be people who received Medication M but had not got their athlete's foot cured.
Option A comes closer to the above conclusion and therefore that is the correct Answer.
(A)
