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03 Jun 2023, 11:49
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C
Be sure to select an answer first to save it in the Error Log before revealing the correct answer (OA)!
Difficulty:
95%
(hard)
Question Stats:
26% (02:35) correct
74%
(02:13)
wrong
based on 121
sessions
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The illegitimacy rate of children in a society—the percentage born out-of-wedlock—is an accepted indicator of underclass criminal behavior in that society. Even though in some demographics of the United States the rate of illegitimacy is lower than in some Western countries, in the United States overall the rate has been steadily rising. This rise does not necessarily indicate, however, that underclass criminal behavior is more prevalent than it was in the past.
Which of the following, if true, would most strongly support the above claim about the implications of this rise?
(A) Because the figure for illegitimacy is compiled as an overall rate, it masks more serious problems among particular demographics.
(B) Underclass criminal behavior is not a contributing factor in explaining illegitimacy.
(C) Recently, the rate of criminal incarceration in the United States has increased significantly.
(D) In ten states of the United States, the rate of illegitimacy rose last year.
(E) Government programs are making it easier for single mothers to spend more time with their children.
Which of the following, if true, would most strongly support the above claim about the implications of this rise?
(A) Because the figure for illegitimacy is compiled as an overall rate, it masks more serious problems among particular demographics.
(B) Underclass criminal behavior is not a contributing factor in explaining illegitimacy.
(C) Recently, the rate of criminal incarceration in the United States has increased significantly.
(D) In ten states of the United States, the rate of illegitimacy rose last year.
(E) Government programs are making it easier for single mothers to spend more time with their children.
03 Jun 2023, 11:50
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Best answer: (C)
Identify the conclusion and the premise(s):
Premise: The illegitimacy rate of children in a society—the percentage born out-of-wedlock—is an accepted indicator of underclass criminal behavior in that society.
Premise: Even though in some demographics of the United States the rate of illegitimacy is lower than in some Western countries, in the United States overall the rate has been steadily rising.
Conclusion: This rise does not necessarily indicate that underclass criminal behavior is more prevalent than it was in the past.
Explanations:
Identify question type and give some tips:
As you look to strengthen this conclusion, consider in particular what other factors might account for a decline in underclass criminal behavior.
Scan each answer choice eliminating progressively each “wrong” answer to finish with the “best” answer:
(A) is not correct; comparing overall with particular rates does not help us in this case, since we are concerned with only the overall underclass criminal behavior. (B) takes the first premise and inverts it, then negates the inversion. But the cause of illegitimacy is irrelevant. (D) makes little difference; we are not interested in which part of the United States we find the increase. Finally, (E) implies that children will turn out to be more stable, but this is rather tenuous; the correct answer is (C). If the rate of criminal incarceration has increased significantly, then of course criminality would be reduced.
Identify the conclusion and the premise(s):
Premise: The illegitimacy rate of children in a society—the percentage born out-of-wedlock—is an accepted indicator of underclass criminal behavior in that society.
Premise: Even though in some demographics of the United States the rate of illegitimacy is lower than in some Western countries, in the United States overall the rate has been steadily rising.
Conclusion: This rise does not necessarily indicate that underclass criminal behavior is more prevalent than it was in the past.
Explanations:
Identify question type and give some tips:
As you look to strengthen this conclusion, consider in particular what other factors might account for a decline in underclass criminal behavior.
Scan each answer choice eliminating progressively each “wrong” answer to finish with the “best” answer:
(A) is not correct; comparing overall with particular rates does not help us in this case, since we are concerned with only the overall underclass criminal behavior. (B) takes the first premise and inverts it, then negates the inversion. But the cause of illegitimacy is irrelevant. (D) makes little difference; we are not interested in which part of the United States we find the increase. Finally, (E) implies that children will turn out to be more stable, but this is rather tenuous; the correct answer is (C). If the rate of criminal incarceration has increased significantly, then of course criminality would be reduced.
20 Oct 2025, 06:59
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I agree that C is the best answer but explaining my though process for E.
If Government programs are allowing single mothers to spend more time with their children then that could be an reason why children having single mothers has increased (maybe earlier single mothers could spend very less time with their children and hence chose not to have children at all). This provides an alternative reason explaining the rise in the number of illegitimate children in US which is not linked to criminality rates.
My issue with C was that simply because the rate of criminal incarceration (jailed criminals) has increased, that does not mean that the underclass criminal behavior has reduced because there are no finite number of criminals. All the increased incarceration rate tells us is that there are lesser criminals on the street than before but it is in no way indicative that more criminals have come on the streets which may also have caused the higher criminal incarceration
If Government programs are allowing single mothers to spend more time with their children then that could be an reason why children having single mothers has increased (maybe earlier single mothers could spend very less time with their children and hence chose not to have children at all). This provides an alternative reason explaining the rise in the number of illegitimate children in US which is not linked to criminality rates.
My issue with C was that simply because the rate of criminal incarceration (jailed criminals) has increased, that does not mean that the underclass criminal behavior has reduced because there are no finite number of criminals. All the increased incarceration rate tells us is that there are lesser criminals on the street than before but it is in no way indicative that more criminals have come on the streets which may also have caused the higher criminal incarceration
DrHuber
