Last visit was: 26 Apr 2026, 07:09 It is currently 26 Apr 2026, 07:09
Close
GMAT Club Daily Prep
Thank you for using the timer - this advanced tool can estimate your performance and suggest more practice questions. We have subscribed you to Daily Prep Questions via email.

Customized
for You

we will pick new questions that match your level based on your Timer History

Track
Your Progress

every week, we’ll send you an estimated GMAT score based on your performance

Practice
Pays

we will pick new questions that match your level based on your Timer History
Not interested in getting valuable practice questions and articles delivered to your email? No problem, unsubscribe here.
Close
Request Expert Reply
Confirm Cancel
User avatar
Bunuel
User avatar
Math Expert
Joined: 02 Sep 2009
Last visit: 26 Apr 2026
Posts: 109,837
Own Kudos:
811,374
 [6]
Given Kudos: 105,895
Products:
Expert
Expert reply
Active GMAT Club Expert! Tag them with @ followed by their username for a faster response.
Posts: 109,837
Kudos: 811,374
 [6]
Kudos
Add Kudos
6
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
User avatar
pudu
Joined: 12 Mar 2023
Last visit: 06 Mar 2024
Posts: 229
Own Kudos:
Given Kudos: 16
Location: India
Posts: 229
Kudos: 123
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
User avatar
Abhishek009
User avatar
Board of Directors
Joined: 11 Jun 2011
Last visit: 17 Dec 2025
Posts: 5,902
Own Kudos:
Given Kudos: 463
Status:QA & VA Forum Moderator
Location: India
GPA: 3.5
WE:Business Development (Commercial Banking)
Posts: 5,902
Kudos: 5,456
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
Bunuel
The diamond mines of Extopia produced so many diamonds that the market was overwhelmed; consumption did not keep pace with production. As a result, diamond prices fell. The government of Extopia attempted to support diamond prices through a subsidy scheme: Diamond producers who voluntarily limited the number of diamonds they produced were compensated directly by the government up to a specified maximum payment. The program instituted by the government of Extopia, if successful, will not result in a net cost increase to the government.

Which of the following, if true, is the best basis for an explanation of how this could be true?

A. Depressed diamond prices meant operating losses for diamond producers, decreasing the income of diamond producers, and thus decreasing the taxes paid to the government by diamond producers.

B. Diamond production in countries other than Extopia declined in the same year Extopia’s government instituted the compensatory scheme.

C. In the first quarter after Extopia’s government instituted the compensatory scheme, diamond production declined 8 percent.

D. Because the government specified a maximum subsidy payment per diamond producer, those producers with numerous mines in operation received less support per mine than those producers with fewer mines in operation.

E. Diamond producers desiring to qualify for the compensatory scheme could not continue to produce diamonds and simply withhold them from the market.]
Government : Expenses = Subsidy ; Income = Tax

Now for this statement to be true " The program instituted by the government of Extopia, if successful, will not result in a net cost increase to the government."

Income (Tax) > Expenses (Subsidy)

Among the options given only (A) goes in line with the pre-thinking process and is logically correct.
User avatar
jainanant909
Joined: 07 Feb 2023
Last visit: 30 Oct 2023
Posts: 18
Own Kudos:
9
 [2]
Given Kudos: 10
GPA: 3.92
Posts: 18
Kudos: 9
 [2]
1
Kudos
Add Kudos
1
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
Bunuel
The diamond mines of Extopia produced so many diamonds that the market was overwhelmed; consumption did not keep pace with production. As a result, diamond prices fell. The government of Extopia attempted to support diamond prices through a subsidy scheme: Diamond producers who voluntarily limited the number of diamonds they produced were compensated directly by the government up to a specified maximum payment. The program instituted by the government of Extopia, if successful, will not result in a net cost increase to the government.

Which of the following, if true, is the best basis for an explanation of how this could be true?


A. Depressed diamond prices meant operating losses for diamond producers, decreasing the income of diamond producers, and thus decreasing the taxes paid to the government by diamond producers.

B. Diamond production in countries other than Extopia declined in the same year Extopia’s government instituted the compensatory scheme.

C. In the first quarter after Extopia’s government instituted the compensatory scheme, diamond production declined 8 percent.

D. Because the government specified a maximum subsidy payment per diamond producer, those producers with numerous mines in operation received less support per mine than those producers with fewer mines in operation.

E. Diamond producers desiring to qualify for the compensatory scheme could not continue to produce diamonds and simply withhold them from the market.




The production of Diamond exceeded the consumption of Diamond in Extopia. Hence, the price for Diamonds went down.
To earn more revenue from Tax, the government cannot afford the Diamond prices to go down.
To make sure that the prices go up again, the govt introduced a scheme asking producers to limit their production of Diamonds and the producers will be compensated directly by the government up to a specified maximum payment.
Conclusion: This scheme will not increase the net cost to the govt.
How can the conclusion be true?

A- Correct - Depressed diamond prices meant operating losses for diamond producers, decreasing the income of diamond producers, and thus decreasing the taxes paid to the government by diamond producers : This means Lower Diamond prices = Lower Tax revenue. The govt can only earn more revenue if the Diamond prices do not stay Depressed. So even if the govt pays some money to the diamond producers to limit the production, this is the best way possible to make sure that the govt earns more tax in the long run.

B- Diamond production in countries other than Extopia declined in the same year Extopia’s government instituted the compensatory scheme : Out of Scope. We cannot determine anything from what's happening in other countries

C- In the first quarter after Extopia’s government instituted the compensatory scheme, diamond production declined 8 percent: We do not know by what % should the diamond production fall down to increase the prices. Maybe the diamond production was so high that 8% might not be sufficient to shoot up the price of diamonds. This in turn will add cost to the govt as IT WILL PAY TO THE PRODUCERS AS WELL AS NOT BE ABLE TO EARN MORE REVENUE FROM TAX.

D- Because the government specified a maximum subsidy payment per diamond producer, those producers with numerous mines in operation received less support per mine than those producers with fewer mines in operation: How does this prove anything to us? Even if this were the case, do we know that the diamond prices actually went up?

E- Diamond producers desiring to qualify for the compensatory scheme could not continue to produce diamonds and simply withhold them from the market : Withholding the diamonds from the market will be a huge loss for the govt as the earlier tax they collected will not be generated anymore. Extremely wrong answer.
User avatar
Bunuel
User avatar
Math Expert
Joined: 02 Sep 2009
Last visit: 26 Apr 2026
Posts: 109,837
Own Kudos:
Given Kudos: 105,895
Products:
Expert
Expert reply
Active GMAT Club Expert! Tag them with @ followed by their username for a faster response.
Posts: 109,837
Kudos: 811,374
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
Bunuel
The diamond mines of Extopia produced so many diamonds that the market was overwhelmed; consumption did not keep pace with production. As a result, diamond prices fell. The government of Extopia attempted to support diamond prices through a subsidy scheme: Diamond producers who voluntarily limited the number of diamonds they produced were compensated directly by the government up to a specified maximum payment. The program instituted by the government of Extopia, if successful, will not result in a net cost increase to the government.

Which of the following, if true, is the best basis for an explanation of how this could be true?


A. Depressed diamond prices meant operating losses for diamond producers, decreasing the income of diamond producers, and thus decreasing the taxes paid to the government by diamond producers.

B. Diamond production in countries other than Extopia declined in the same year Extopia’s government instituted the compensatory scheme.

C. In the first quarter after Extopia’s government instituted the compensatory scheme, diamond production declined 8 percent.

D. Because the government specified a maximum subsidy payment per diamond producer, those producers with numerous mines in operation received less support per mine than those producers with fewer mines in operation.

E. Diamond producers desiring to qualify for the compensatory scheme could not continue to produce diamonds and simply withhold them from the market.




PRINCETON REVIEW OFFICIAL EXPLANATION:



A

Resolve the Paradox: How can the government subsidize diamond producers and still not experience an increase in net cost? (Note that the second part of the paradox is in the question, not in the argument.)

(A) Yes. Here we find out that the government collected less in taxes from diamond producers when prices were bad. Paying subsidies would make up for the operating losses, increase diamond producers’ income, and increase taxes to the government, which would compensate for the subsidies.

(B) No. This doesn’t help. If diamond production in other countries declined, then prices for diamonds would increase overall and the program would be unnecessary.

(C) No. This answer choice tells us the goal of the program is satisfied, but it doesn’t tell us anything about the cost to the government. It speaks to only one side of the paradox.

(D) No. This answer choice doesn’t talk about the overall effect that the subsidies would have on the government.

(E) No. This is irrelevant. The rules imposed on the diamond producers won’t change the money the government pays them, and that’s the issue we’re interested in.
Moderators:
GMAT Club Verbal Expert
7391 posts
506 posts
361 posts