Bunuel
The diamond mines of Extopia produced so many diamonds that the market was overwhelmed; consumption did not keep pace with production. As a result, diamond prices fell. The government of Extopia attempted to support diamond prices through a subsidy scheme: Diamond producers who voluntarily limited the number of diamonds they produced were compensated directly by the government up to a specified maximum payment. The program instituted by the government of Extopia, if successful, will not result in a net cost increase to the government.
Which of the following, if true, is the best basis for an explanation of how this could be true?
A. Depressed diamond prices meant operating losses for diamond producers, decreasing the income of diamond producers, and thus decreasing the taxes paid to the government by diamond producers.
B. Diamond production in countries other than Extopia declined in the same year Extopia’s government instituted the compensatory scheme.
C. In the first quarter after Extopia’s government instituted the compensatory scheme, diamond production declined 8 percent.
D. Because the government specified a maximum subsidy payment per diamond producer, those producers with numerous mines in operation received less support per mine than those producers with fewer mines in operation.
E. Diamond producers desiring to qualify for the compensatory scheme could not continue to produce diamonds and simply withhold them from the market.
PRINCETON REVIEW OFFICIAL EXPLANATION:
A
Resolve the Paradox: How can the government subsidize diamond producers and still not experience an increase in net cost? (Note that the second part of the paradox is in the question, not in the argument.)
(A) Yes. Here we find out that the government collected less in taxes from diamond producers when prices were bad. Paying subsidies would make up for the operating losses, increase diamond producers’ income, and increase taxes to the government, which would compensate for the subsidies.
(B) No. This doesn’t help. If diamond production in other countries declined, then prices for diamonds would increase overall and the program would be unnecessary.
(C) No. This answer choice tells us the goal of the program is satisfied, but it doesn’t tell us anything about the cost to the government. It speaks to only one side of the paradox.
(D) No. This answer choice doesn’t talk about the overall effect that the subsidies would have on the government.
(E) No. This is irrelevant. The rules imposed on the diamond producers won’t change the money the government pays them, and that’s the issue we’re interested in.