How many trailing Zeroes does 49! + 50! have?

Question

How many trailing Zeroes does 49! + 50! have?
(A) 9
(B) 10
(C) 11
(D) 12
(E) 22

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Bunuel · Accepted Answer

Factor out 49! from the expression:  49! + 50!=49!(1+50)=49!*51 .

51 won't contribute to the number of zeros at the end of the number, therefore all zeros will come from 49!.

Trailing zeros in 49!:  \frac{49}{5}+\frac{49}{5^2}=9+1=10

Answer: B.

THEORY:
 
  Trailing zeros:  
 
Trailing zeros are a sequence of 0's in the decimal representation of a number, after which no other digits follow.
 
For example 125,000 has 3 trailing zeros;
 
The number of trailing zeros  n! , the factorial of a non-negative integer  n , can be determined with this formula:
 
 \frac{n}{5}+\frac{n}{5^2}+\frac{n}{5^3}+...+\frac{n}{5^k} , where  k  must be chosen such that  5^{(k+1)} \gt n 
 
It's easier if we consider an example:
 
How many zeros are in the end (after which no other digits follow) of 32!?
 
 \frac{32}{5}+\frac{32}{5^2}=6+1=7 . Notice that the last denominator ( 5^2 ) must be less than 32. Also notice that we take into account only the quotient of the division, that is  \frac{32}{5}=6 . 
 
So there are 7 zeros in the end of 32!.
 
Another example, how many trailing zeros does 125! have?
 
 \frac{125}{5}+\frac{125}{5^2}+\frac{125}{5^3}=25+5+1=31 ,
 
The formula actually counts the number of factors 5 in n!, but since there are at least as many factors 2, this is equivalent to the number of factors 10, each of which gives one more trailing zero.

ENGRTOMBA2018 · Answer

49! has 10 and not 9 trailing zeroes.

Number of trailing zeroes for n! -->INTEGER sum of n/5 + n/(5^2) + ....+ n/(5^k), where k is a positive integer such that n<5^k.

Thus for 49! ---> 49/5 + 49/(5^2)   ---> 9+1 = 10 trailing zeroes.

We do this as any zero will be made by a combination of a 2 and a 5. In bigger number factorials, there will be more 2s than 5s. Thus 5s will become the critical factor.

Hope this helps.

Abhishek009 · Answer

49! + 50! = (49*48*47........ ) + (50*49*48*47.....) = 49! ( 1 + 50 ) _____________ ( Take 49*48*47........common ) = 49! * 51 No of zeroes in 49! is 49/5 = 9 9/5 = 1 Answer will be 10 :lol:

Youraisemeup · Answer

i think the answer is 9, 
50!+49!= 49!(1+50)
51*49!,
49 factorial has 9 trailing zeroes, sor 51*49! also should have 9 trailing zeroes.

(A).

Please let me know if my technique is wrong.

y4nkee · Answer

So in order to find a number of zeros in X! we need to divide the number by  5^n  as long as  5^n<=X

So for 49!+50!:

49/5+49/25=9+1=10 
 50/5+50/25=10+2=12

10+12=22

Answer is E.

ENGRTOMBA2018 · Answer

You are missing an important point here. If the question would have been 49!*50! , then yes your approach would have been correct. But since it is addition, you can not simply add the number of trailing zeroes.

Example,

Say, A = 100, B = 1000, A+B =1100 (2 trailing zeroes and not 5 trailing zeroes).

A=10000, B = 100000 , A+B = 110000 (4 trailing zeroes and not 9 trailing zeroes) etc. You see that the number of trailing zeroes = lower number of trailing zeroes out of the 2.

Hope this helps.

chetan2u · Answer

Hi,
Since it is sum of two factorials, each of these will have some trailing zeroes. But their SUM will have the lower of the two..
Say you have 23400 and 560000..
Here when you add two, the zeroes will be the lower of the two, which is 2..
Choices are always made to ensure that you find your wrong answer in it..

Abhishek009 · Answer

Health Discussion going on around here :shock:

Would like to share something interesting !!! I hope all of you agree till this part - 51 * 49! ( maipenrai it won't be 49! + 50!) Now the game begins :snipersmile:

As others have correctly said we need to find the no of 5's in 49! ( Which will be 10) Here is why we don't need to find the number of 5's in 51 - 49! * 51 => ( 49 * 48 * 47......13.....7 ....3 * 2 * 1) ( 13 * 7 ) Here is where maipenrai went wrong 49! Factorial ( the red part ) has 10 zeroes , but the blue part doesn't have a 5 neither a 2... Had the number been 50 instead , we would have one additional zero ( 10+ 1) ; but thats not the issue here

ENGRTOMBA2018 · Answer

The most straightforward way is to directly see how many trailing zeroes 49! and 50! will have and then pick the lower number.You dont have to then worry about number of 5s in 51 or any other number this way. But yes, if you do go the way you are mentioning, then yes, you need to take care of the additional zeroes that might be added.

Abhishek009 · Answer

Yes !! Very true , I would definitely adopt the said approach, it looks much better... Expanding the discussion further for others as well ( Hope you don't object to it - And I am sure you won't :-D

) Engr2012's point is very useful for such problems.. The highlighted part states , to take the number of zero's of the lower number , here is why - 100 has 2 trailing zero's & 10 has 2 trailing zeros... If we want to add those numbers to find the trailing zero's of the result , it will be = Only 1 Trailing Zero { Since the lower number has only one trailing zero } The reason is , if you add 100 & 10 , the result will be 110 ( Having only one trailing Zero ) However this rule of trailing zero's is applicable only for addition ONLY If You Multiple Or Divide then it won't Work, here is why - 100 * 10 = 1000 1000/10 = 100 Engr2012 hope I am correct, please add if I am missing something !! PS :I think subtraction will also work , 100 - 10 = 90

chetan2u · Answer

Hi  Engr2012  and  Abhishek009 ,

here this may be true and most of the time will be TRUE but in some cases it may NOT. . 
I'll just explain with an example..
53!+54! ..
53! will have 53/5 +53/25 = 10+2 = 12..
54! will also have 54/5 +54/25 = 12..
so our answer should be the LOWER or 12 as both are the SAME..
But is it so -- NO..
53!+54! = 53!( 1+54) = 53!*55..
so here we have another 5 in 55 ..
our answer will be 12+1 = 13..

we can tru it wityh smaller number
3!+4!.. should be NONE..
3!=6 and 4! =24 so 3!+4! = 6+24 =30.. We have ONE trailing ZERO..

we should be careful with numbers..

Robertob91 · Answer

Hi  Bunuel ,

Could you please let me know if this approach is correct?

I calculated the trailing zeroes for both numbers, we get 10 for 49! and 12 for 50!
So if we sum both numbers we would get a number with only 10 zeroes because those 2 extra zeroes from 50! would become numbers when added 49!.
Therefore, we should take the smallest zeroes in both numbers.

Is this correct? Can this be applied for example to 49! + 50! + 30! Getting 7 trailing zeroes?

Thanks!

CounterSniper · Answer

49!+50!= 51*49!

No of trailing 0's = no of 5*2

no of 2's = 49/2+49/4+49/8+49/16+49/32 = D

no of 5's = 49/5+49/25=10=P

now since

P < D

no of trailing 0's = 10

wwambugu14 · Answer

Hi bunuel,
What if the question was 48!+49!. Please correct me if i'm wrong with my calculation;
Factorization leads to 48!(1+49) => 48!*50 =>No of trailing zeroes in 48! is 9
Since 50=2*2*5; one more trailing zero will be added since we have either a 2 or a 5

Bunuel · Answer

48!*50

48! will have 48/5 + 48/25 = 9 + 1 = 10 zeros.

50 = 10*5. 10 there will add 1 more zero. So, will 5 because 48! definitely has an extra 2 for that 5 to make one more trailing zero. Therefore, 48!*50 will have 10 + 1 + 1 = 12 trailing zeros.

abhishekdadarwal2009 · Answer

How many trailing Zeroes does 49! + 50! have?
(A) 9
(B) 10
(C) 11
(D) 12
(E) 22

49!+50!=49!(1+50)==49!(51)

now for zero to be the end there has to be a 5 therefore 49/5+9/5== 9+1=10 B

Shiv2016 · Answer

Bunuel

We calculate trailing zeroes using 5 and not 2. In this, do we assume that the number of two's will be at least equal to the 5's?

Bunuel · Answer

Yes, since 2 < 5, then in n! there will be at leas as many 2's as 5's.

pushpitkc · Answer

Rule : n! is divided by prime number m to leave trailing zeroes.
The number of trailing zeroes is the sum of  \frac{n!}{(m)}, \frac{n!}{(m^2)}, till \frac{n!}{(m^x)}  such that  m^x < n

49! + 50! = 49! + 50*49! = 49!(1+50) = 49!*51

Therefore, 49! has  (\frac{49}{5})9+(\frac{49}{5^2})1 = 10  zeroes  (Option B)

How many trailing Zeroes does 49! + 50! have?

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How many trailing Zeroes does 49! + 50! have?

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