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23 Jan 2022, 23:09
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It is a widespread belief in modern evolutionary biology that evolution has shaped not only the shapes of our bodies but also our “instinctive” behaviors that come to the fore when we experience different constraining situations. The role of evolution in this process is not to dictate our behavior when we can think rationally, but rather to dictate our actions when we act under severe constraints and end up displaying these instinctive behaviors—ways of feeling, thinking, and acting that “come naturally” in archetypal situations in any culture. Our “frailties”—instincts such as rage, fear, greed, gluttony, joy, lust, and love—may be a very mixed assortment, but they share at least one immediate quality: we are, as we say, “in the grip” of them. And thus, they give us our sense of constraints.
One undeniable fact about these frailties is that some of these frailties are presently maladaptive. Ironically, one clear example of this maladaptiveness is our ever-increasing need for security. Yet beneath the overlay of cultural detail, even these maladaptive frailties, too, are said to be biological in direction, and are therefore as natural to us as are our appendixes. We would need to thoroughly comprehend the origin of these maladaptive frailties in order to understand how badly they guide us now. And we might then begin to resist the pressure of these maladaptive frailties in our distant future.
One undeniable fact about these frailties is that some of these frailties are presently maladaptive. Ironically, one clear example of this maladaptiveness is our ever-increasing need for security. Yet beneath the overlay of cultural detail, even these maladaptive frailties, too, are said to be biological in direction, and are therefore as natural to us as are our appendixes. We would need to thoroughly comprehend the origin of these maladaptive frailties in order to understand how badly they guide us now. And we might then begin to resist the pressure of these maladaptive frailties in our distant future.
1. While discussing maladaptive frailties, the author assumes which one of the following?
I. Evolution does not favor the emergence of adaptive frailties over the emergence of maladaptive frailties
II. A few maladaptive frailties, once acquired, make the emergence of other maladaptive frailties more likely
III. Changes in the total human environment can outpace evolutionary change
A. I only
B. II only
C. III only
D. I and II only
E. II and III only
I. Evolution does not favor the emergence of adaptive frailties over the emergence of maladaptive frailties
II. A few maladaptive frailties, once acquired, make the emergence of other maladaptive frailties more likely
III. Changes in the total human environment can outpace evolutionary change
A. I only
B. II only
C. III only
D. I and II only
E. II and III only
2. The author is primarily concerned with:
A. presenting an overview of those human frailties that impose constraints on human behavior
B. summarizing a general position on human frailties and presenting his own stance
C. outlining a new claim about foundations of human behavior with a special focus on maladaptive frailties and speculating on their origins
D. pointing out those human frailties that give us a sense of our constraints and presenting the probable outcome of such constricting behaviors
E. suggesting ways to deal with a problem and predicting the eventual consequences of not doing so
A. presenting an overview of those human frailties that impose constraints on human behavior
B. summarizing a general position on human frailties and presenting his own stance
C. outlining a new claim about foundations of human behavior with a special focus on maladaptive frailties and speculating on their origins
D. pointing out those human frailties that give us a sense of our constraints and presenting the probable outcome of such constricting behaviors
E. suggesting ways to deal with a problem and predicting the eventual consequences of not doing so
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24 Jan 2022, 01:35
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Hello neerajgupta
Welcome to GMAT Club and thank you for being part of this community.
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Thank you!
Welcome to GMAT Club and thank you for being part of this community.
For any topic you want to discuss or see the explanation please first search that topic in the forum if that certain topic is not already discussed then post it according to the forum rules. For RC forum rules please click here.
You can also click on the edit button of the main post above and see which codes I have used to get this topic in the shape.
Let me know if you have any questions related to this passage or RC formatting.
I am happy to help
Thank you!
25 Jan 2022, 08:58
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Sajjad1994
Thanks Sajjad1994 for the welcome.
This community is very helpful to me and I hope I can be as helpful to the community as it is to me.
If possible kindly tell me how to post questions in the format that most questions are posted with clock and answer options. Then it may reduce your workload and help others as well.
Thanks
