Two students are discussing three themes from One Hundred Years of Sol

Question

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Two students are discussing three themes from  One Hundred Years of Solitude  by Gabriel García Márquez.

Sipho maintains that every portion of the novel addresses at least one of the themes of time, fate, or magic, but that only 20% of the novel addresses all three themes and that 10% addresses magic only (among these three themes). Further details of his assessment are provided in the Venn diagram.

Anika agrees with much of Sipho's assessment. In particular, for any portion of the novel that, according to Sipho's assessment, addresses the theme of time, Anika agrees that the portion indeed addresses the theme of time. Likewise for the themes of fate and magic. However, contrary to Sipho's assessment, Anika maintains that every portion of the novel that addresses the theme of magic also addresses the theme of fate.

Select from each drop-down menu the option that creates a statement that is consistent with the information provided.

Anika maintains that  GRAPH_1_PLACEHOLDER % of the novel that addresses the theme of time also addresses the theme of fate.

Anika maintains that  GRAPH_2_PLACEHOLDER % of the novel addresses the theme of magic.

ID: 700230

egmat · Accepted Answer

This is a very interesting question that may appear to be easy to begin with since it has an all too familiar Venn Diagram as the graph.  However, if one does not solve this question with the mindset of “owning the dataset”, then they will get confused in the language play of this question.

Let’s understand the various turns that are present in this question.  First of all, you are given the Venn Diagram and textual presentation of Sipho.

1.    Turn 1 – You need to comprehend how Anika differs from Sipho.
2.    Turn 2 – You now need to translate this difference presented in text form into Anika’s venn diagram. 
3.    Turn 3 – You then need to understand what the question is asking.
4.    Turn 4 – And to answer the question, you then need to translate the information from the Venn diagram back into English.

Watch the detailed solution below to understand how best to navigate through these turns!
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jI0ZdSu_pV4

Let us know if you have any questions.

KarishmaB · Answer

I favour visual approaches and that is what I would use here too: make a new venn diagram as per Anika to answer the question.

We are told that Anika agrees with Sipho's assessment - if he says that a section addresses magic, she agrees.
If he says that a section addresses time, she agrees. etc.

But, she is adding themes to portions of the novel. She says that every section that addresses magic addresses fate too. So she moved the magic circle inside the fate circle. The 10% "only magic" part got added to the 20% "magic and fate" part to give 30% "magic and fate" part.
The 10% "magic and time" part got added to the 20% part of "all three."
Basically, this is what it looked like (attached).

Attachment:

Screenshot 2024-03-26 at 6.50.58 PM.png

Note that in the original venn also, "only time" = 0 and "only fate" = 0. The given percentages already add up to 100.

Anika maintains that 100% of the novel that addresses the theme of time also addresses the theme of fate. (ANSWER)

The 70% which is in Time circle is in Fate circle too. Hence 100% of the novel that addresses Time addresses Fate too. (So essentially time circle is also inside fate circle)

Anika maintains that 60% of the novel addresses the theme of magic. (ANSWER)

Magic circle has 60%.

chetan2u · Answer

Sipho's assessment: 
Only M = 10%
Only (M&T) = 10%
Only (T&F) = 40%
Only (M&F) = 20%
T&F&M = 20%

Anika agrees that the portion indeed addresses the theme of time. Likewise for the themes of fate and magic.  
 So, Anika agrees that whatever is under each of the theme remains under the same theme. 
Time - 70%, Fate - 80% and Magic - 60%

However, contrary to Sipho's assessment, Anika maintains that every portion of the novel that addresses the theme of magic also addresses the theme of fate. 
 The 60% under theme of magic is also under time. 
So, 10%(only(T&M)) moves under fate theme too, so adds on to T&F&M to increase it from 20% to 30%.
Also, 10%(Only(M)) moves under fate theme too, so adds on to F&M to increase it from 20% to 30%.

Anika maintains that x% of the novel that addresses the theme of time also addresses the theme of fate. 
 As we can see now that entire 100% has moved under FATE, so surely 100% of theme of time has also moved under FATE. x=100%

Anika maintains that y% of the novel addresses the theme of magic.  
There is no shift inwards or outwards from the Magic theme. Only it moves under fate too. so y remains at 60%

MT1302 · Answer

Hello  chetan2u  /  Bunuel  ,

First part :

Anika maintains that ----- % of the novel that addresses the theme of time  also  addresses the theme of fate.

Doesn't ALSO here means that theme of time  AND  team of fate ? 
 
Why are we taking 100% here as answer ?

chetan2u · Answer

Gangadhar111990

I can write ‘ Anika maintains that ----- % of the novel that addresses the theme of time also addresses the theme of fate.’
as ‘ Anika maintains that ----- % of the novel that addresses the theme of time addresses the theme of time AND the theme of fate.

Now, you will realize that 10+20+40 or 70% that addresses the theme of time is a part of theme of fate also, so 100%

Rohit5678 · Answer

Hi  KarishmaB , I understood your solution and analysis. Thanks for the prompt response.

What I am still doubtful about is as follows:
Total(Fate) now is 100% as opposed to 80% eariler.

How is this in sync with what Anika said?

Refer Q portion: In particular, for any portion of the novel that, according to Sipho's assessment, addresses the theme of time, Anika agrees that the portion indeed addresses the theme of time. Likewise for the themes of fate and magic.

If this is true. Shouldn't changes be made s.t. Total(fate) remains as 80%?

KarishmaB · Answer

But that is not correct. Total fate cannot remain 80.

When Sipho says this portion A has fate, she agrees. When he says portion B has magic, she agrees. But she says that portion B has fate too. This is additional info given by her and hence fate has gone up to 100. 
She agrees with Sypho on all that Sypho says a portion has. But she doesn’t agree with him on what he says the portion doesn’t have. As per him, 10% portion has only magic. She says it does have magic but it has fate too.

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SudsMeister · Answer

There are 2 ways to do this.

First is the quick and swift way:

The only change that we are asked to make is - every portion of the novel that addresses the theme of magic also addresses the theme of fate.
So, we need to move the 10% lying in Time & Magic and the 10% lying only in Magic into the Fate circle in such a way that all the circles' total values remain same. The values in Time and Machine will move into some part of the Fate circle such that the total of Time remains 70, and total of Fate remains 80. Notice that in doing so, all of Time's values will fall in some portion of Fate's. Similarly, values in Magic alone move into some part of Fate such that both totals remain same.

Basically, the Time circle's all values are lying in the shared area with Fate. And the Magic circle's all values are lying in the shared area with Fate. We don't need the exact split but we just need to know the total amount. And the total amount remains the same as per the question stem i.e. Time = 70%, Fate = 80%, Magic = 60%.

Thus:
100% of all of Time's values, lie in Fate too.
60% of value lies in Magic (as it was before, no change in totals).

Second way, the longer way:

We need to play around with numbers to reach the exact split.

Firstly, let's mark Time & Fate area as A, Time & Machine & Fate as B, and Magic & Fate as C.
All our values will be inside A, B, or C, such that T = 70, F = 80, M = 60.

Firstly, move 10 from T&M into A and move 10 from M only into C.
This makes A= 40, B = 30, C = 30. Thus, T = 70, M = 60 (upto here it is okay), but F = 100. Which is not possible.

If we want to reduce absolute value of F, one way to do is to increase B. Let's increase B by 10. A = 30, B = 40, C = 20, making F = 90.
Let's do it once again. A = 20, B = 50, C = 10. Now, T = 70, M = 60, F = 80. This works.

Question 1: ___ part of Time also lies in Fate.
Time = A + B = 70.
Fate = A + B + C = 80.
So, all of Time lies in Fate = 100%

Question 2: ___ is total value of Magic.
Magic = B + C = 50 + 10 = 60%

dhairya18 · Answer

Let's break down the entire problem step by step from scratch.
Step 1: Understanding Sipho's Diagram
A Venn diagram uses overlapping circles to show how different groups overlap. Here, we have three circles representing three themes: Time, Fate, and Magic.
Let's read every distinct piece inside Sipho's diagram:
 * Time only: There is no number written in the purely "Time" section, meaning 0\%.
 * Fate only: 40%
 * Magic only: 10%
 * Time + Magic only: 10%
 * Time + Fate only: 0% (no separate number written between Time and Fate outside the middle)
 * Magic + Fate only: 20%
 * Time + Fate + Magic (All three): 20%
Step 2: Finding Total Percentages from Sipho's Assessment
To find the total percentage of the book that covers a specific theme, add up every section inside that theme's circle:
 * Total Magic: Add all sections inside the Magic circle:
 
 * Total Time: Add all sections inside the Time circle:
 
Step 3: Understanding Anika's Views
Anika agrees with Sipho's classifications, but she adds one key condition:
Any portion of the novel that addresses Magic MUST also address Fate.
 
This means whenever a section has "Magic," Anika automatically adds the "Fate" label to it.
Step 4: Solving Statement 1

Statement 1: Anika maintains that   % of the novel that addresses the theme of time also addresses the theme of fate. 
 * Focus: Look only at the parts of the book that have the Time label.
 * The Time Parts: The parts containing Time total 70%:
 * 40% already has Fate.
 * 20% already has Fate (it has all three).
 * 10% currently has Time + Magic (missing Fate).
 * Applying Anika's Rule: Because that last 10% section has Magic, Anika says it must also have Fate.
 * Result: Now, all 70% of the Time sections have Fate attached to them.
 * Final Answer: Out of the entire portion covering Time, 100\% of it also covers Fate.
Step 5: Solving Statement 2

Statement 2: Anika maintains that   % of the novel addresses the theme of magic.

* Focus: Look at the total amount of the novel that covers Magic.
 * Applying Anika's Rule: Anika's condition only adds "Fate" to magic sections. She does not change which sections have Magic—no magic is added to non-magic sections, and no magic is removed.
 * Result: The total percentage of the novel covering Magic is identical to Sipho's calculation.
 * Final Answer: The total percentage of the novel addressing magic remains 60%.

MrMaxMan · Answer

The entire magic circle is getting pushed inside the fate circle.
Now there are no portions of the time circle that are outside of the fate circle.
This means that 100% of time addresses fate.

Two students are discussing three themes from One Hundred Years of Sol

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