Quote:
Like to compare two nouns.
As to compare two nouns with two actions.
Keep in mind when using 'as' that it needs to have a working verb (since its a clause):
Macauley swims well, as her brother DOES.
If you see the same sentence with 'like' see if you can find a verb after it. If you do, then its wrong.
Also another use of 'like' and 'as' appears in the form of idioms:
Like: is used to compare two things symbolically or metaphorically
eg. The stars in the night sky look like diamonds.
As: is used to compare things functionally:
The cement acted as a glue keeping the bricks together.
Here the cement is functioning like glue and the appropriate use is as.
So remember symbolic vs function : : like:as
In your example:
He took a decision as the chairman of the board.
He took a decision as the chairman of the board. (since there is no verb after 'as' this is an idiomatic construction)
If for instance we used like: He took a decision like the chairman of the board.
This would change the meaning of the sentence altogether.