Question 2 seems to have stumped a lot of folks, so let me try my hand at this one.
2. In using the word “understandable” (line 14), the author most clearly conveys
(A) sympathy with attempts by the Brotherhood between 1925 and 1935 to establish an independent union
(B) concern that the obstacles faced by Randolph between 1925 and 1935 were indeed formidable
(C) ambivalence about the significance of unions to most Black workers in the 1920’s
(D) appreciation of the attitude of many Black workers in the 1920’s toward unions
(E) regret at the historical attitude of unions toward Black workers
This is a
function/purpose question. Why did the author use the word "understandable" here?
Excerpt from the passage:In the Pullman contest Randolph faced formidable obstacles.The first was Black workers' understandable skepticism toward unions, which had historically barred Black workers from membership. An additional obstacle was the union that Pullman itself had formed, which weakened support among Black workers for an independent entity.
What does the author achieve by using the word "understandable"?
Through this word, the author indicates to us that as per him/her, the skepticism that black workers had towards unions is something he/she can understand. This means that the author understands where this skepticism is coming from, and so as per him/her, the skepticism is justified at some level (if you do not understand the reason for the skepticism, you would feel it is not justified, you cannot appreciate it).
Without this word, we would not know the author's opinion about the skeptical attitude. Does he agree with it, or disagree with it? Through "understandable", the author indicates that yes, this skepticism is definitely justified at some level, and so, it is therefore something that he/she appreciates. Option D is therefore the correct answer.
Useful practice: When trying to find the purpose of a word, remove it and see what happens. How does the meaning change without the word? It will give a clue as to why the word is there. Regards,
Harsha