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CBDC are risk free.
People will move money out of private banks into CBDC.
Fewer bank deposits means fewer bank runs.
Therefore, financial stability increases.

Which of the following, if true, most seriously undermines the reasoning in the argument above?

A. The majority of CBDC pilot users report satisfaction with transaction speed and digital convenience features.
(Liking transaction speed or digital convenience features doesn’t mean people store their savings in CBDC) WRONG
B. Central banks may restrict CBDC account limits to avoid destabilizing commercial lending markets.
(It only shows that their effect might be smaller as they might restrict account limits. It slightly weakens the argument) WRONG
C. Surveys show that in regions with high trust in government institutions, public interest in CBDC adoption has been stronger.
(This supports adoption but it does not challenge bank-run reduction or deposit movement) Wrong
D. Private banks have begun offering real-time payment systems and deposit insurance enhancements to retain their customer base.
(It does not show that people won’t shift deposits) Wrong
E. In countries where CBDC pilots have been launched, many citizens have opted to use them for payments but continue to hold their savings in private banks.
(The argument depends on savings moving out of banks. If the savings still stay in private banks, bank-run risk still stays. And the financial stability would not improve as claimed. It undermines the reasoning in the argument) Correct
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Central Bank Digital Currencies (CBDC)s - > To strengthen financial systems by reducing dependence on private banks.
Since CBDCs offer risk-free place to hold funds directly with the government, individuals will shift deposits away from commercial banks, lower risk of bank runs during economic crises.

Conclusion: Therefore, widespread adoption of CBDCs would enhance overall financial stability.

Objective: Weaken the argument (undermine the reasoning)

Options:

A. If the majority of CBDC pilot users are satisfied with transaction speed and digital convenience features, then the statement does not undermine but strengthens the argument. Incorrect

B. If central banks restrict CBDC account limits to avoid destablizing commercial lending markets, then deposits will not shift away from commercial banks and possibility of bank runs can not be avoided and financial stability can not be achieved. Incorrect

C. If public interest in CBDC adoption has been stronger then the argument is not undermined but somewhat strengthened. Incorrect

D. Even if private banks have begun offering real-time payment systems and deposit insurance enhancement to retain their customer base, individuals may still find CBDC a risk-free place to hold funds. The statement somewhat undermines the argument but option B is a better choice. Incorrect

E. The argument is not concerned with other countries. What happens in other countries may not hold true in all countries. Incorrect

IMO B
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The reasoning is: CBDCs offer risk-free to hold funds -> individuals will shift deposits away from commercial banks -> lower the risk of bank runs during economic crises

A Irrelevant. It doesn't undermine the shift of deposits away from banks.

B This could prevent large deposit flight from banks, which directly weakens the claim. But it says "may", so it is hypothetical. E is a better option.

C It supports adoption. It doesn't undermine.

D It doesn't directly address whether CBDC will still draw deposits.

E Correct. It directly shows people are not shifting deposits for savings to CBDCs. The reasoning is undermined.


IMO E
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The argument says, role of widespread adoption of CBDCs is to enhance overall financial stability and how it can be done is when......individual shifts their deposit from private banks to these CBDCs and thus reducing the risk on private banks during economic crisis.

Now, Since onus is on deposit of people that they shift from private bank so if we think then we can say that any option if it says that people are not going to deposit then it will weaken the role of CBDC

A: It says people are happy with CBDC features...But nothing on deposits hence eliminate
B: Central bank is protecting private banks from destabilizing and it means it is expected people are interested in CBDC for depositing....hence it doesn't weaken.
C: It clearly strengthens the argument...eliminate
D: Trick choice...but it says about customer base that they are doing some stuff for retaining them but it doesn't guarantee that people are not shifting their deposit.
E: It says that people are continue to hold in private banks...so it clearly mentions that people are not shifting their shifting hence weakening the main purpose of CBDCs hence correct choice

Hence answer (E)
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Argument -> savings in CBDCs would enhance overall financial stability.

A -> Not a weakener (maybe strengthen)
B -> could be - but limit to what extent not sure
C -> ig strengthens - with trust -> savings -> desired outcome
D -> another plan - but would it succeed or not don't know
E -> correct - using CBDCs but still keeping savings in private bank - risk still there.
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A It's irrelevant to whether they shift deposits. They could still keep savings in banks.

B Tempting. It's a speculative restriction that would prevent deposit flight. But "May" is a possibility, not a certainty.

C Stronger interest in CBDCs doesn't weaken the argument.

D It's not a direct attack on the mechanism. Competition effect doesn not guarantee to stop deposit flight.

E Right answer. CBDC is not drawing deposits away from banks as predicted. It undermines the main mechanism for improving stability.


Answer E
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Context: CBDCs are being introduced to strengthen financial systems by reducing dependence on private banks to lower the risk of bank runs in times of crises.
Premise: Since CBDCs are risk-free, indivuals will shift deposits away from private banks to CBDCs. Fewer money in banks will reduce risks of bank runs during crises
Conclusion: Adoption of CBCDs will enhance financial stability

Logical gap: People will move a significant portion of their money from commercial banks to CBDCs apart from just using them for transactions

Evaluating options
A) Satisfaction with speed and convenience of CBFC features doesnt weaken the argument since this does not address the shifting of money to CBFCs
B) Restrictions can limit the destabilisation in lending markets but it is not for sure. We do not know enough to say this
C) Interest in adoption and developing trust doesnt address the shifting of money.
D) This might be true but this doesnt address the finacial stability acheived thorugh adoption of CBFCs
E) This statement shouldnt be true for the conclusion to be true. This definitely weaked the reasoning. This shows that the deposits is not transferred to CBFCs. These are used only for payments, Therefore risk is not reduced, hence financial stability is not acheived
Bunuel
Central bank digital currencies (CBDCs) are being introduced as a way to strengthen financial systems by reducing dependence on private banks. Proponents argue that since CBDCs offer a risk-free place to hold funds directly with the government, individuals will shift deposits away from commercial banks, lowering the risk of bank runs during economic crises. Therefore, widespread adoption of CBDCs would enhance overall financial stability.

Which of the following, if true, most seriously undermines the reasoning in the argument above?

A. The majority of CBDC pilot users report satisfaction with transaction speed and digital convenience features.
B. Central banks may restrict CBDC account limits to avoid destabilizing commercial lending markets.
C. Surveys show that in regions with high trust in government institutions, public interest in CBDC adoption has been stronger.
D. Private banks have begun offering real-time payment systems and deposit insurance enhancements to retain their customer base.
E. In countries where CBDC pilots have been launched, many citizens have opted to use them for payments but continue to hold their savings in private banks.

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Summary: CBDCs are risk-free, so the proponents argue that people will choose CBDCs instead of commercial banks, hence lowering the risk of bank runs during economic crises. Therefore, more CBDCs would enhance overall financial stability.

We need to weaken this reasoning.

A. Incorrect. Effectivity of CBDCs doesn't weaken the reasoning that CBDCs would enhance financial status.
B. Incorrect. CBDC limiting user accounts doesn't strong enough to weaken the reasoning that people will prefer CBDC than private banks, hence the widespread adoption of CBDCs can somehow have positive impacts.
C. Incorrect. Public interest in CBDC grow stronger in which condition is irrelevant.
D. Incorrect. Private banks having fast payments and more insurance is not enough to weaken CBDC's risk free chances.
E. CORRECT. In countries with CBDCs, many people still hold their saving in private banks. Therefore, the risk of bank runs will not be reduced.
Bunuel
Central bank digital currencies (CBDCs) are being introduced as a way to strengthen financial systems by reducing dependence on private banks. Proponents argue that since CBDCs offer a risk-free place to hold funds directly with the government, individuals will shift deposits away from commercial banks, lowering the risk of bank runs during economic crises. Therefore, widespread adoption of CBDCs would enhance overall financial stability.

Which of the following, if true, most seriously undermines the reasoning in the argument above?

A. The majority of CBDC pilot users report satisfaction with transaction speed and digital convenience features.
B. Central banks may restrict CBDC account limits to avoid destabilizing commercial lending markets.
C. Surveys show that in regions with high trust in government institutions, public interest in CBDC adoption has been stronger.
D. Private banks have begun offering real-time payment systems and deposit insurance enhancements to retain their customer base.
E. In countries where CBDC pilots have been launched, many citizens have opted to use them for payments but continue to hold their savings in private banks.

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A Speed and convenience doesn't address the central issue: whether people will actually move their deposits to CBDCs.

B Limits would prevent large deposit flight, so the deposit shifting effect wouldn't happen as assumed. It weakens the argument.

C High trust in government may lead to adoption, but it doesn't guarantee the kind of deposit shift that would reduce bank run risks.

D The argument is about: "shifting deposits away from commercial banks". It can still stand regardless of improvements made by private banks.

E It says that, in actual pilots, citizens already keep savings in banks. It's real evidence deposit shift isn't happening. It's a better option than B because B is conjectural. Correct answer.


The answer is E
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A -> This does not talk about the bank holding but only benefits of CBDCs
B -> This weakens the argument, but it can go both ways. If the capping is strictly low, the CBDCs can ensure financial stability while if the capping is high the bank run could still cause instability.
C -> This is in favor of the argument
D -> This is a remedial measure of banks. Irrelevant to the argument.
E -> Correct. If the citizens in countries where CDBC has been launched are still keeping the money in banks, then the conclusion of financial stability through CBDCs would weaken as people still carry the risk of money in banks despite availability of CBDCs.

Option E
Bunuel
Central bank digital currencies (CBDCs) are being introduced as a way to strengthen financial systems by reducing dependence on private banks. Proponents argue that since CBDCs offer a risk-free place to hold funds directly with the government, individuals will shift deposits away from commercial banks, lowering the risk of bank runs during economic crises. Therefore, widespread adoption of CBDCs would enhance overall financial stability.

Which of the following, if true, most seriously undermines the reasoning in the argument above?

A. The majority of CBDC pilot users report satisfaction with transaction speed and digital convenience features.
B. Central banks may restrict CBDC account limits to avoid destabilizing commercial lending markets.
C. Surveys show that in regions with high trust in government institutions, public interest in CBDC adoption has been stronger.
D. Private banks have begun offering real-time payment systems and deposit insurance enhancements to retain their customer base.
E. In countries where CBDC pilots have been launched, many citizens have opted to use them for payments but continue to hold their savings in private banks.

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A It does not challenge deposit shift. It could still keep savings in banks.

B It's theoretical: if limits aren't imposed, deposit flight could still happen.

C It doesn't weaken the argument. It partially supports it.

D It might slow deposit flight, but it's not guaranteed.

E CORRECT. It directly shows the assumed behavior in the argument isn't occurring, so the predicted stability benefit may not follow.


The correct answer is E
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A. Irrelevant as it supports adoption of CDBC rather than undermine it
B. Not as relevant as the "may" makes it speculative. It could reduce the CDBC effect but doesent seriously undermine.
C. Irrelevant as it supports rather than undermine, since higher trust would lead to more CDBC adoption
D. Irrelevant as banks improving services does not mean CDBC fail to reduce bank run risk
E. Relevant as it directly attacks the key assumption and mentions that deposits are not shifting regardless of CDBC usage and bank run risk isnt reduced in a noticable manner

E.
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Solutions =>
A=> Doesn't address deposit shifts or bank runs. irrelevant.
B=> This could weaken the argument, but its speculative ("may restrict") and indirect.
C=>Supports adoption, not undermines stability claims.
D=> Competitive response, but doesn't show CDBCs fail to reduce bank-run risk.
E=> Directly attacks the core assumption that people will move deposits away from banks. Correct Answer.
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We need to weaken the conclusion by establishing,
- that the banks still have enough exposure to impact financial stability, even with CBDCs present OR
- CBDCs themselves have certain issues impacting economic health

A) irrelevant

B) what additional measures are taken for CBDCs has no impact on the conclusion that overall financial stability has been achieved

C) whether the adoption is fast or not has no bearing on the overall impact, stability is being discussed not speed

D) whether customers can be retained by banks does not impact the conclusion that AFTER adoption of CBDCs there will be financial stability

E) CORRECT - if there is still great dependency on private banks due to savings deposits, people will run to banks during commercial crises; this defeats the purpose of introduction of CBDCs
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